❖ Interspinal ligament 棘间韧带
❖ Supraspinal ligament 棘上韧带
❖ Ligamentum nuchae项韧带
❖ Intertansverse ligament横突间韧
带
❖ Zygapophysial joint 关节突关节
Copyright© duxinli
General features of vertebrae
❖ Vertebral body 椎体 ❖ Vertebral arch 椎弓
pedicle of vertebral arch 椎弓根: sup. and inf. Vertebral notch 椎上、下切迹
lamina of vertebral arch 椎弓板
❖ Articular processes: sagittal
1.Joints of the vertebral bodies 椎体间的连结
Intervertebral discs 椎间盘
between bodies of adjacent vertebrae, composed of: ❖ Nucleus pulpous髓核, an inner soft, pulpy, highly elastic structure (gelatinous core ) ❖ Annulus fibrosus纤维环 an outer fibrous ring consisting of fibrocartilage
Hernia of nucleus pulpous
髓核脱出
Copyright© duxinli
7
Copyright© duxinli
8
Copyright© duxinli
9
Copyright© duxinli
10
Copyright© duxinli
11
Copyright© duxinli
Lumbar vertebrae
❖ Vertebrae Body： larger, kidney-shape
❖ Vertebral foramen: larger and triangular
❖ Spinous processes: projects horizontally
❖ Transverse processes: long
MRI：征象同CT
椎间盘膨出
椎间盘突出（中央型）
Copyright© duxinli
18
椎间盘膨出（较严重，向后有突出）
Copyright© duxinli
19
Copyright© duxinli
22
Copyright© duxinli
23
写在最后
成功的基础在于好的学习习惯
12
2.Joints of the vertebral arches 椎弓间的连结
❖ Ligamenta flava 黄韧带― elastic ligament, unite laminae of adjacent vertebrae, and complete the posterior wall of vertebral canal; tend to prevent hyperflexion of the vertebral column
❖ process (7):
spinous process 棘突 transverse process 横突 sup. and inf. articular processes
上、下关节突
❖ Vertebral foramen 椎孔 ❖ Vertebral canal 椎管 ❖ Intervertebral foramen 椎间孔
五、Normal Curves of vertebral column
❖ Cervical curvature颈曲 convex forward
❖ Thoracic curvature胸曲
convex backward
❖ Lumbar curvature腰曲 convex forward
❖ Sacral curvature骶曲 convex backward
The foundation of success lies in good habits
30
谢谢大家
荣幸这一路，与你同行
It'S An Honor To Walk With You All The Way
讲师：XXXXXX XX年XX月XX日
14
Hale Waihona Puke Copyright© duxinli
15
发生于椎管、侧隐窝和椎间孔。先天 或后天性。颈<10mm，腰<11.5mm
CT：①椎体后缘骨赘向椎管内突入。 ②侧隐窝狭窄：椎间盘退变膨出和上 下关节突肥大是其主要原因，前后径 <2mm为狭窄，2-4mm为可疑。③黄 韧带或后纵韧带肥厚、骨化。④椎体 滑脱—椎板峡部裂或椎间盘、韧带退 变。