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树立质量法制观念、提高全员质量意 识。20.10.1920.10.19Monday, October 19, 2020
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人生得意须尽欢，莫使金樽空对月。04:36:3204:36:3204:3610/19/2020 4:36:32 AM
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安全象只弓，不拉它就松，要想保安 全，常 把弓弦 绷。20.10.1904:36:3204:36Oc t-2019- Oct-20
An exposed highwall
The coal has been removed from the flat foreground area at this Eastern Kentucky surface mine. This is a contour mine that follows the seam of coal around the hillside. The Surface Mining Law requires mine operators to reclaim the mine site and completely cover the highwall.
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好的事情马上就会到来，一切都是最 好的安 排。上 午4时36分32秒 上午4时36分04:36:3220.10.19
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一马当先，全员举绩，梅开二度，业 绩保底 。20.10.1920.10.1904:3604:36:3204:36:32Oc t-20
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牢记安全之责，善谋安全之策，力务 安全之 实。2020年10月19日 星期一4时36分 32秒M onday, October 19, 2020
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加强交通建设管理，确保工程建设质 量。04:36:3204:36:3204:36M onday, October 19, 2020
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安全在于心细，事故出在麻痹。20.10.1920.10.1904:36:3204:36:32October 19, 2020
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踏实肯干，努力奋斗。2020年10月19日上午4时36分 20.10.1920.10.19
Reclaimed mine opening
This is a reclaimed abandoned mine entry portal in West Virginia. Rock was pushed in and around the opening and the entire area covered with topsoil and grass planted. The pipe installed under the fill ensures that water collecting in the mine does not build up behind the rock closure and wash it out.
Reclaimed mine land
The land owner at this reclaimed mine site has planted an apple orchard. Mining operations are only a temporary use of the land. When properly reclaimed mine sites are suitable for all the uses they were before mining occurred.
Chuck Meyers, Office of Surface Mining.
Modern surface mine
This large Texas mine is extracting lignite coal. The dragline at the far end of the pit is removing the overburden to expose the coal. The overburden is cast across the pit to the right side of the photo where reclamation will begin.
Abandoned mine problem
This mine opening, or entry portal, in Eastern Pennsylvania was abandoned in the early 1900's. Today a large quantity of acid mine drainage flows from the open portal polluting rivers many miles down stream.
• 在这个过程中复垦研究投入也功不可没，例如 2005年美国内政部用于土地复垦研究示范的资金 1.4亿美元，形成了较为成熟的复垦模式。
• 由于国情不同，矿区土地复垦利用模式有所不同， 各有特色。
• 我国规模性的土地复垦始于上世纪80年代初， 1988年《土地复垦规定》颁布1989年实施是土 地复垦走上法制化阶段的标志，至今30年来我国 土地复垦研究与实践发展迅速，但仍与先进国家 有较大差距，目前复垦率14%，仍然较低，复垦 质量较差，土地复垦任务还相当繁重。
Reclaimed mine problems
This pastorale West Virginia scene is a reclaimed abandoned mine. Using money paid by active mining operators, reclamation at this site eliminated 6,000 linear feet of highwall, and sealed four mine openings.
Reclaiming the highwall
Reclamation at this mine is well underway. Overburden has been graded to completely cover the highwall and topsoil has been spread on the surface. This reclamation follows closely behind the mining operation and is completed in sections as the mining progresses around the hillside.
• 例如在辽宁省，“十五”期间各类型矿山复垦面 积达到1880.67hm2（2.82万亩，年均0.56万亩）， 虽然成绩显著，但这还不及目前辽宁省采煤年破 坏土地面积的1/2。
• 我国人多地少，耕地后备资源不足，经济社会的 快速发展对矿产资源需求迅速增加，土地和生态 环境将面临更大压力。
• 矿区废弃地的复垦利用具有显著的经济、生态和 社会等多方面效益。矿山开发带来的土地生态环 境问题日益引起公众的关注，政府相关部门和矿 山企业越来越重视矿区土地复垦工作。
美国矿区土地复垦
Land Reclamation In Opencast Mining Area
魏忠义 教授，博士生导师
Email: drweizy@
沈阳农业大学土地与环境学院
2011-04 Dalian
工矿区土地复垦概念
• Land reclamation/土地恢复/土地复垦；生态恢复； 环境恢复。
Hydro-seeding
Hydro-seeding is frequently used to reestablish vegetation on reclaimed land. The blue-green liquid that is being sprayed on the topsoil contains grass seed, fertilizer, and a binding material that will hold the soil and prevent erosion until the plants be come established.
• 国家经济发展和可持续发展战略给矿区土地复垦 带来新的历史机遇，目前我国土地复垦正面临一 个新的发展阶段。
Mining and reclamation slide show presentation
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追求至善凭技术开拓市场，凭管理增 创效益 ，凭服 务树立 形象。2020年10月19日星期 一上午4时36分 32秒04:36:3220.10.19
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严格把控质量关，让生产更加有保障 。2020年10月 上午4时 36分20.10.1904:36Oc tober 19, 2020
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作业标准记得牢，驾轻就熟除烦恼。2020年10月19日星期 一4时36分32秒 04:36:3219 October 2020
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相信相信得力量。20.10.192020年10月 19日星 期一4时36分32秒20.10.19
谢谢大家！
We have selected 10 photos that show mining and reclamation across the country. This updated presentation
illustrates several steps in the mining and reclamation process.
Overburden
The overburden that is removed to expose the coal seam is a mixture of broken rock. If left exposed, rain water will erode the fine particles and cause sedimentation of streams and rivers. Reclamation begins by regrading the overburden to the approximate original contour of the land before mining.