(2) If city noises ___A___ from increasing, people ______ shout to be heard even at the dinner table 20 years from now. A. are not kept; will have to B. are not kept; have to C. do not keep ; will have to D. do not keep ; have to
4. 过去将来时： The manager said they would
complete the project by the end of the year.
The manager said the project would be completed by the end of the year.
A novel is to be read by him. They are going to hold a meeting tomorrow. A meeting is going to be held tomorrow. They are about to shoot the murderer. The murderer is about to be shot by them.
语态分类
英语动词有两种语态，主动语态和被动语态。主 动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示 主语是动作的承受者。如：
They will build a new bridge over the river. (主动)
A new bridge will be built over the river. (被动)
time last year.
7. 现在完成时： Someone has told me the sports
meet might be put off. I have been told the sports meet
might be put off. We have brought down the price. The price has been brought
一般在下列动词后，间接宾语前用介词 for, 如： buy, cook, choose, fetch, get, ,make, order, 等。 Mother made me a new skirt. (A new skirt was made for me. ) The meat was cooked for us.
4. 带复合宾语(宾语+ 宾补)的动词改为被动语态时，
一般把主动结构中的宾语改为主语，而宾语补足
语保留在谓语动词后面。如：
after class. Your compositions must be handed in
after class. He can write a great many letters with
the computer. A great many letters can be written with
过去进行时 was/were +doing
含情态动词 主 + 情态动词 + do
过去完成时 had + done
过去将来时 would +do
1. 一般现在时： People grow rice in the south of the country. Rice is grown in the south of the country. The school doesn't allow us to enter the
news of his death; People had considered him to be a great leader.
He had been considered to be a great leader.
9. 含有情态动词的被动语态： 含有情态动词的被动语态是由“情态动词
+ be+ 及物动词的过去分词”构成。 You must hand in your compositioቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱs
the computer by him.
被动语态构成比较
一般现在时
主 + am / is / are + done
一般过去时
主 + was / were + done
含情态动词
主 + 情态动词 + be done
一般将来时 主 + will be + done
现在完成时
主 + have/has been + done
chemistry lab without a teacher. We are not allowed to enter the chemistry lab
without a teacher.
2. 一般过去时： They agreed on the building of a new
car factory last month. The building of a new car factory was
Practice
(1) The police found that the house ____and a lot of things ____D_____. A. has broken into; has been stolen B. had broken into ; had been stolen C. has been broken into; stolen D. had been broken into; stolen
汉语中常用“被”、“给”、“由”、“受”等 词用来表示被动，而英语用：助动词be + 及物动 词的过去分词构成。
一般现在时 do
-s; -es
一般将来时 will do be to do
be going to do
现在进行时 am/is/are +doing
一般过去时 p.t.
现在完成时 have/has + done
注意：一般在下列动词后，常在间接宾语前用介
词 to，如： bring, give, lend, offer, pass, promise, sell, show, teach, tell 等。
The cup with mixture was showed to the class. My bike was lent to her.
The workers told me they would mend the car as soon as possible.
The workers told me that the car would be mended as soon as possible.
5. 现在进行时： The radio is broadcasting English
down.
8. 过去完成时： When I got to the theatre, I found they
had already sold out the tickets. When I got to the theatre, I found the
tickets had already been sold out. The whole country was very sad at the
agreed on last month. The student didn't forget his lessons
easily. His lessons were not easily forgotten.
They will send cars abroad by sea. Cars will be sent abroad by sea. They will give plenty of jobs to school-leavers. Plenty of jobs will be given to school-leavers.
students soon.
A. is about to be discuss
B. is going to be discussed
C. is to discuss
D. is going to have been discussed
(一)语态转换时要注意的问题
1. 把主动语态变为被动语态时，其谓语动词的时态要与原句时态保 持一致，其谓语动词的数要与新主语保持一致。
lessons. English lessons are being
broadcast on the radio. We are painting the rooms. The rooms are being painted (by
us).
6. 过去进行时： — Why didn't they drive there on
(3) ---__A____ the sports meet might be put
off.
---Yes, it all depends on the weather.
A. I’ve been told B. I’ve told
C. I’m told
D. I told
(4) The maths problem ____B__ among the
time? — Because the workers were
mending the road. Because the road was being
mended. This time last year we were planting
trees here. Trees were being planted here this