云南师范大学教育硕士专业学位研究生学位英语考试试卷（2015年2月12日）（考生须知）1请考生在机读卡的“学号”一栏填写学号，并在相应的数字上用2B铅笔划线。

2.选择题（第1-60）的答案必须用2B铅笔涂在机读答题卡上，做在试卷上无效！3．选择答案选出后，必须用2B铅笔在机读答题卡上相应的选项上划一横线, 划线要粗，要有一定浓度。

修改时，必须用橡皮擦净后，再填涂其它选项。

4．翻译和写作一律用钢笔或圆珠笔在答题纸II上按要求作答，做在试卷上无效！5．考试时间为150分钟。

6．交卷时，请配合监考人员验收。

7．请监考人员收回试卷册和两份答题纸，并把答题纸按座位序号理好。

Part I Vocabulary (15 points))Directions:There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet witha single line through the center.1.He was one of the greatest writers _____ had ever lived.A. whoB. whichC. thatD. as2.Nobody _____ that something was wrong at that time.A. commentedB. committedC. noticedD. expressed3.Her address made a great _____ on the audience.A. expressionB. explanationC. suggestionD. impression4.He appeared _____ with our team's performance.A. satisfyingB. to be satisfyingC. to satisfyD. satisfied5.His companions have threatened to _____ his crimes to the police.A. imposeB. expressC. encloseD. expose6.His extravagance reduced him _____ for his living.A. to begB. from beggingC. to beggingD. into begging7.His death _____ with age.A. deterioratedB. determinedC. detectedD. detained8.His long service with the company was _____ with a present.A. admittedB. acknowledgedC. attributedD. accepted9.His novel _____ some light on life in China in Ming Dynasty.A. sendsB. providesC. throwsD. puts10. His tastes and habits _____ with those of his wife.A. combineB. competeC. coincideD. compromise11. Does brain power _____ as we get older? Scientists now have some surprisinganswers.A. descendB. declineC. deduceD. collapse12. In that country, guests tend to feel they are not highly _____ if the invitation to adinner party is extended only three or four days before the party date.A. admiredB. regardedC. expectedD. worshipped13. ____ the whole, early American city planning was excellent.A. InB. FromC. OnD. Above14. ____ we are having these days!A. What a lovely weatherB. What lovely weathersC. What lovely weatherD. What lovely a weather15. ____, a man who expresses himself effectively is sure to succeed more rapidlythan a man whose command of language is poor.A. Other things being equalB. Were other things equalC. To be equal to other thingsD. Other things to be equal16. ____, he does not love her.A. As he likes her very muchB. Though much he likes herC. Much although he likes herD. Much as he likes her17 Experts say walking is one of the best ways for a person to ______ healthy.A. preserveB. stayC. maintainD. reserve18. A good many houses ____ knocked down by the earthquake.A. wasB. wereC. isD. are19. A good teacher must know how to ____ his ideas.A. conveyB. displayC. consultD. confront20. A large part of human activity, particularly in relation to the environment, is____ conditions or events.A. in response toB. in favor ofC. in contrast toD. in excess of21. I can _____ some noise while I'm studying, but I can't stand loud noises.A. come up withB. catch up withC. put up withD. keep up with22. I cannot give you _____ for the type of car you sell because there is no demandfor it in the market.A. an expenseB. a chargeC. a purchaseD. an order23. I didn't quite _____ to what you had said. Would you mind repeating it?A. catch onB. get holdC. catch upD. go on24. I didn't say anything like that at all. You are purposely _____ my idea to proveyour point.A. revisingB. contradictingC. distortingD. distracting25. I felt somewhat disappointed and was about to leave, _____ something occurredwhich attracted my attention.A. unlessB. untilC. whenD. while26. I have the honor of introducing to you Mr. Alan, who will _____ you on his recenttour abroad.A. addressB. speakC. talkD. converse27. He has failed me so many times that I no longer place any _____ on what hepromises.A. faithB. beliefC. creditD. reliance28. Of the thousands of known volcanoes in the world, the _____ majority areinactive.A. tremendousB. demandingC. intensiveD. overwhelming29. I regret _____ so much time and money on stamps.A. to wasteB. for wastingC. having wastedD. at wasting30. I was greatly disappointed _____ that affair.A. outB. inC. toD. towardPart II Reading Comprehension （40 points）Directions:There are four passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letteron the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Passage OneWhen companies do business overseas, they come in contact with people from different cultures. These individuals often speak a different language and have their own particular custom and manners. These differences can create problems.For example, in France, business meetings begin promptly at the designated time and everyone is expected to be there. Foreign business people who are tardy (迟到的) are often left outside to cool their heels as a means of letting them know the importance of promptness. Unless one is aware of such expected behaviors he may end up insulting the people with whom he hopes to establish trade relations.A second traditional problem is that of monetary conversions （兑换）. For example, if a transaction is conducted with Russia, payment may be made in rubles （卢布）. Of course, this currency is of little value to the American firm. It is, therefore, necessary to convert the foreign currency to American dollars. How much are these Russian rubles worth in terms of dollars? This conversion rate is determined by every market, where the currencies of countries are bought and sold. Thus there is an established rate, although it will often fluctuate from day to day. For example, the ruble may be worth '0.75 on Monday and '0.72 on Tuesday because of an announced wheat shortage in Russia. In addition, there is the dilemma associated with converting at '0.72. Some financial institutions may be unwilling to pay this price, feeling that the ruble will sink much lower over the next week. As a result, conversion may finally come at '0.69. These "losses" must be accepted by the company as one of the costs of doing business overseas.A third unique problem is trade barriers. For one reason or another, all countries impose trade barriers on certain goods crossing their borders. Some trade barriers are directly related to exports. For example, the United States permits strategic military material to be shipped abroad only after government permission has been obtained. Most trade barriers, however, are designed to restrict import. Two of the most common import barriers are quotas（配额）and tariffs.31. The best title for the passage would be ___.A. How to Succeed in International TradeB. Monetary ConversionC. Trade BarriersD. Unique Problems in International Trade32. In France, tardy business people ___.A. are often insultedB. often suffer from coldnessC. are often left outdoors waitingD. are often asked to polish their shoes33. According to the passage, conversion rates ___.A. are always changingB. are determined by financial institutionsC. are agreed upon by two trading countriesD. vary from day to day34. The intended audience of this passage are ______.A. professors of economicsB. postgraduate students of international tradeC. beginners of businessD. business people35. Which of the following is likely to be discussed in the next paragraph?A. Export trade barriers.B. Quotas and tariffs.C. Reasons for imposing trading barriers.D. Measures to break down trade barriers.Passage TwoAmong all cancers, lung cancer is the biggest killer; more than 100,100 Americans die of the disease each year. Giving up smoking is one way to reduce the risk, but another answer may lie in the kitchen, according to a report in the British medical journal The lancet.Since 1957, a team of researcher has mentioned the dietary habits and medical histories of 2, 000 middle-aged men employed by the Western Electric Co. in Chicago. Led by Dr. Richard Shekelle of Chicago’s Rush—Presbyterian—St. Luke’s medical Center, the team recently began to sort out the links between the subjects dietary patterns and cancers. Other animal and human studies have suggested that vitamin A might offer some protection against lung cancer, but did not distinguish vitamin A made in the body from that in carotene（胡萝卜素）, which is abundant in a variety of vegetables and fruits, including carrots, spinach, broccoli, squash, tomatoes and apples.The Western Electric study showed little correlation between the incidence of lung cancer and the consumption of foods containing performed vitamin A. But the date on carotene intake revealed a significant relationship. Among the 488 men who had the lowest carotene consumption, there were 14 cases of lung cancer; in a group of the same size that ate the most carotene, only two cases developed. The apparent protective effect of carotene helps up even for longtime smokers.Further studies will be necessary before the link between lung cancer and carotene can be firmly established. Meanwhile, researchers warn against taking large amounts of vitamin A supplements, which can be extremely toxic in high doses. Instead, they advise a well- balanced diet that includes foods rich in carotene.36. The researchers carried out their studies _____.A. in the kitchenB.in BritainC.by investigating people’s habits and their medical historyD. by working together with the Western Electric Co37. Dr Richard Shekelle was _____.A.a journalist of “The Lancet”B.the head of the research teamC.the director of St. Luke’s CenterD.a British scientist38.According to the passage, which of the following contains less carotene?A. milkB. carrotsC. tomatoesD. broccoli39.The study revealed that if a person eats more food containing carotene, he ____ .A.is more likely to get lung cancerB.has the least possibility of getting lung cancerC.should take large amount vitamin A supplementsD.is advised to have a well-balanced diet40.The passage makes it clear that _____.A.the study has established the relationship of Vitamin A and cancerB.high doses of vitamin A supplements can greatly reduce danger of sufferingfrom lung cancerC.a lung cancer patient should eat less foods rich in caroteneD.the study has revealed the protective effect of carotenePassage ThreeOne thing we know about the brain is that it is vulnerable to the power ofsuggestion. There is a plenty of evidence that when young women are motivated and encouraged, they excel at science. For most of the 1800s, for example, physics,astronomy, chemistry and botany were considered gender-appropriate subjects formiddle -and upper-class American girls. Records from top school in Boston show thatgirls outperformed boys in physics in the mid-19th century. Latin and Greek,meanwhile, were considered the province of gentlemen – until the 20th century, whenlucrative（赚钱的）opportunities began to open up in the sciences.Today, in Iceland and Sweden, girls consistently outperform boys in math andphysics. In Sweden the gap is widest in the remote regions in the north. That may bebecause women want to move to the big cities farther south, where they need tocompete in high-tech economies, while men are focused on local hunting, fishing andforestry opportunities, says Niels Egelund, a professor of educational psychology atthe Danish University of Education. The phenomenon even has a name, the Jokkmokkeffect, a reference to an isolated town in Swedish Lapland.Back in the US, female professors have been catching up with the male professorsin their publishing output. Today, half of the chemistry and almost 60% of biologybachelors of science degrees go to females. Patience is required. And next, Summersmay want to take up the male question. In all seriousness. Why do so many more boysthan girls have learning disorders, autism（孤独症）, attention-deficit（注意力集中障碍）problems and schizophrenia（精神分裂症）? Why are young men less likelyto go to universities than women are? And what to make of a 2003 survey that foundeighth-grade girls outperforming boys in algebra in 22 countries, with boys outscoringgirls in only three nations? If we are not careful, The next Einstein could find herselfworking as a high-powered lawyer who does wonders with estate-tax calculations instead of discovering what the universe is made of.41. Before the 20th century, ______ .A.a lot of girls from middle-and upper-class studied scienceB.girls were attracted to study science for it was profitableC.boys did better in science than girlsD.in addition to science, boys studied Latin and Greek to become gentlemen42. Why do girls outperform boys at school in math and physics in Sweden?A.Because they live in remote regions in the north.B.Because they are not satisfied with their traditional way of life and hope toseek opportunities in the southC.Because they cannot do fishing, hunting and seek forestry opportunitiesD.Because they are smarter than boys in the region43. According to the passage, which of the following statement is not true?A.The power of suggestion can change the way brain works.B.Physics, astronomy, chemistry and botany were once considered appropriatesubjects for girls.C.Jokkmokk is a remote town in SwedenD.Female professors have as many academic achievements as their malecounterparts44. What does the author imply about American females?A.They will do as well as or even better in science.B.They may take up male status.C.Half of the chemistry and almost 60% of biology science degrees go tofemales.D.There are fewer females in American universities than males.45. What is the main idea of the passage?A.Women outperform men in science when motivated and encouraged.B.Today, in Iceland and Sweden, girls consistently outperform boys in math andphysics.C.Young men less likely to go to universities than women are.D.In 20th century, when lucrative opportunities began to open up in the sciences,men began to take interest in science.Passage FourThe fitness（有氧健身）movement that began in late 1960s and early 1970s centered around aerobic（有氧的）exercise. Millions of individuals became engaged in a variety of aerobic activities, and literally thousands of health spas developed around the country to capitalize on this emerging interest in fitness, particularly aerobic dancing for females. A number of fitness spas existed prior to this fitness movement, even a national chain with spas in most major cities. However, their focus was not on aerobics, but rather on weight-training programs designed to develop muscular（肌肉的）mass, strength, and endurance in their primarily male enthusiasts. These fitness spas did not seem to benefit financially from the aerobic fitnessmovement to better health, since medical option suggested that weight-training programs offered few, if any, health benefits. In recent years, however, weight training has again become increasingly popular for males and for females. Many current programs focus not only on developing muscular strength and endurance but on aerobic fitness as well.Historically, most physical fitness tests have usually included measures of muscular strength and endurance, not for health-related reasons, primarily because such fitness components have been related to performance in athletics. However, in recent years, evidence has shown that training programs designed primarily to improve muscular strength and endurance might also offer some health benefits as well. The American College of Sports Medicine now recommends that weight training be part of a total fitness program for healthy Americans. Increased participation in such training is one of the specific physical activity and fitness objectives of Healthy People 2000: National Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Objectives.46. The word “ spas” (line 3, Para. 1) most probably refers to ______.A. sports activitiesB. recreation centerC. places for exercisesD. athletic training program47. Early fitness spas were intended mainly for _______.A. the promotion of aerobic exerciseB. the improvement of women’s figuresC. endurance and muscular developmentD. better performance in aerobic dancing48. What was the attitude of doctors towards weight training in health improvement?A. NegativeB. CautiousC. PositiveD. Indifferent49. Historically, people were given physical fitness tests in order to find out _______.A. what kind of fitness center was suitable for themB. whether they were fit for aerobic exerciseC. what their health condition was likeD.their muscular strength and endurance50. Recent studies have suggested that weight training ________.A. has become an essential part of people’s lifeB. will attract more people in the days to comeC. contributes to health improvement as wellD. may well affect that the health of the traineesPart III Cloze (10 points)Directions: There are 10 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.If you look at science departments in U.S. universities, you will probably observefewer women professors than men. Several studies have proven 51 this is so. There are much 52 women in science departments than men today. And for the women 53 there now, it was not easy for them to get there.Why are there few women in science departments today? Some scientists believe that there are biological differences 54 males and females. They say that young boys and men can learn science more easily than girls and women. Others say that in school, girls have 55 self- confidence than boys. Teachers ask girls fewer questions in class 56 they ask boys. In addition, teachers do not often tell girls that they could become 57 . Later on, women do not see other women teaching science at the university. Finally, 58 there are not as many women _ 59 men in science departments, women may be afraid to be the first in their department. They believe that they will have to cope 60 more problems than the men in their departments.51. A. that B. what C. which D. how52. A. more B. fewer C. few D. less53. A. teach B. taught C. teaching D. had taught54. A. between B. among C. in D. for55. A. less B. fewer C. more D. much56. A. what B.than C. that D. where57. A. artists B. teachers C. scientists D. managers58. A. if B. though C. where D. since59. A. as B. so C. than D. that60. A. in B. with C. to D. forPart IV TranslationSection A ( 10 points)Directions: Read the following paragraph and then translate it into Chinese. Nowadays, a standard for measuring power has changed. These changes foretell a new standard for measuring power. No longer will a nation’s political influence be based solely on the strength of its military forces. Of course, military effectiveness will remain a primary measure of power. But political influence is also closely tied to industrial competitiveness. The new standard of power and influence that is evolving now places more emphasis on the ability of a country to compete effectively in the economic markets of the world. The competitiveness of America’s industrial base is an issue bigger than the Department of Defense and is going to require the efforts of the major institutional forces in our society – government, industry, and education. Section B (10 points)Directions: Translate the following passage into English中国要走向现代化，最大的障碍，并不是资源问题，也不是资金问题，更不是技术问题，而是十几亿人口的素质问题。