甲维盐有效成分资料

315 emamectin benzoate Insecticide

IRAC 6 avermectin

NOMENCLATUREemamectin benzoate

CAS RN [155569-91-8], formerly [137512-74-4] and [179607-18-2] Development codes MK

244 (Merck & Co.) Smiles code B1a, without

stereochemistry:CCC(C)C1OC2(CC3CC(CC=C(C)C(OC4CC(OC)C(OC5CC(OC)C([NH2+]C)C(C)O5)C(C)O4)C(C)C=CC=C6COC7C(O)C(=CC(C(=O)O3)C76O)C)O2)C=CC1C.[O-]C(=O)c1ccccc1;B1b, without

stereochemistry:C[NH2+]C1C(C)OC(CC1OC)OC2C(C)OC(CC2OC)OC3C(C)C=CC=C4COC5C(O)C(=CC(C(=O)OC6CC(CC=C3C)OC7(C6)OC(C(C)C)C(C)C=C7)C54O)C.[O-]C(=O)c1ccccc1

emamectin

Common name emamectin (BSI, E-ISO, ANSI); emamectine ((f) F-ISO)

IUPAC name A mixture containing 90% of

(10E,14E,16E)-(1R,4S,5′S,6S,6′R,8R,12S,13S,20R,21R,24S)-6′-[(S)-sec-butyl]-21,24-dihydroxy-5′,11,13,22-tetramethyl-2-oxo-3,7,19-trioxatetracyclo[15.6.1.14,8.020,24]pentacosa-10,14,16,22-tetraene-6-spiro-2′-(5′,6′-dihydro-2′H-pyran)-12-yl

2,6-dideoxy-3-O-methyl-4-O-(2,4,6-trideoxy-3-O-methyl-4-methylamino-α-L-lyxo-hexopyranosyl)-α-L-arabino-hexopyranoside and 10% of

(10E,14E,16E)-(1R,4S,5′S,6S,6′R,8R,12S,13S,20R,21R,24S)-21,24-dihydroxy-6′-isopropyl-5′,11,13,22-tetramethyl-2-oxo-3,7,19-trioxatetracyclo[15.6.1.14,8.020,24]pentacosa-10,14,16,22-tetraene-6-spiro-2′-(5′,6′-dihydro-2′H-pyran)-12-yl

2,6-dideoxy-3-O-methyl-4-O-(2,4,6-trideoxy-3-O-methyl-4-methylamino-α-L-lyxo-hexopyranosyl)-α-L-arabino-hexopyranoside

Chemical Abstracts name (4′′R)-5-O-demethyl-4′′-deoxy-4′′-(methylamino)avermectin A1a +

(4′′R)-5-O-demethyl-25-de(1-methylpropyl)-4′′-deoxy-4′′-(methylamino)-25-(1-methylethyl)avermectin A1a (9:1); 4′′-deoxy-4′′-(methylamino)avermectin B1 CAS RN [119791-41-2], formerly

[123997-28-4] and [137335-79-6]

PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY物化数据

emamectin benzoate

Composition A mixture of emamectin B1a (≥90%) and emamectin B1b (≤10%), as their benzoate salts.

Mol. wt. 1008.3 (B1a); 994.2 (B1b) M.f. C56H81NO15 (B1a); C55H79NO15 (B1b) Form White to

off-white powder. M.p. 141–146 °C V.p. 4 × 10-3 mPa (21 °C) Kow logP = 5.0 (pH 7)

Henry 1.7 × 10-4 Pa m3 mol-1 (pH 7, calc.) S.g./density 1.20 (23 °C) Solubility In water

0.024 g/l (pH 7, 25°C). Stability Stable to hydrolysis at pH 5, 6, 7 and 8 (25 °C).

Photodegrades rapidly. pKa 4.18 (acidic, attributed to benzoate counter ion), 8.71 (basic,

calc., attributed to emamectin moiety)

emamectin

Mol. wt. 886.1 (B1a); 872.1 (B1b) M.f. C49H75NO13 (B1a); C48H73NO13 (B1b)

COMMERCIALISATIONProduction Isolated from fermentation of Streptomyces avermitilis, a naturally occurring

soil Actinomycete. History Discovery and initial development was by Merck & Co., Inc.

(now Syngenta AG). First sales in Israel and Japan in 1997.

Manufacturers Syngenta; CAC; Dalian Raiser; Golden Harvest; Hailir; Hebei Veyong;

Honbor; Hui Kwang; Iprochem; Jiangsu Seven Continent; Jingbo; Sega; Zhejiang Hisun

APPLICATIONS作用机制及作用方式

emamectin benzoate

Biochemistry Acts by stimulating the release of γ-aminobutyric acid, an inhibitory

neurotransmitter, thus finally activating chloride channels. Mode of action Non-systemic

insecticide which penetrates leaf tissues by translaminar movement. Paralyses the

Lepidoptera, which stop feeding within hours of ingestion, and die 2–4 dat.

Uses For control of Lepidoptera on vegetables, brassicas, fruit, maize, tea, grapes and

cotton, at up to 16 g/ha, and in pine trees, at 5–25 g/ha.

Formulation types EC; SG.

PRODUCTSemamectin benzoate

Selected products 'Affirm' (Syngenta); 'Denim' (Syngenta); 'Proclaim' (Syngenta). Other

products 'Banlep' (Syngenta); 'EM-1' (Dhanuka); 'Emma' (Hui Kwang);

'Prabhaav' (Rallis); 'Spolit' (United Phosphorus).

ANALYSISProduct and residues determined by hplc; see Resid. Anal. Methods. Details available

from Syngenta.

TOXICOLOGICAL & ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEWS毒理学与环境资料

EU Rev. Rep. SANCO/1982/2007.

MAMMALIAN TOXICOLOGY对哺乳动物毒性

emamectin benzoate

Oral Acute oral LD50 for rats 56–63 mg/kg. Skin and eye Acute dermal LD50 for

rats >2000 mg/kg. Not irritant to skin; severe eye irritant. No sensitising potential.

Inhalation LC50 (4 h) for rats >1.05–0.66 mg/l. NOEL (1 y) for dogs 0.25 mg/kg b.w. ADI/RfD 0.0025 mg/kg. Other Not tumorigenic. Toxicity Class WHO (a.i.) II (company

classification).

ECOTOXICOLOGY生态毒理学

emamectin benzoate

Birds Acute oral LD50 for mallard ducks 76, bobwhite quail 264 mg/kg. Dietary LC50 (8 d)

for mallard ducks 570, bobwhite quail 1318 ppm. Fish LC50 (96 h) for rainbow trout 174,

sheepshead minnows 1430 μg/l. Daphnia LC50 (48 h) 0.99 μg/l. Bees Toxic to bees.

Worms LC50 >1000 mg/kg dry soil. Other beneficial spp. Safe to a wide range of

beneficial insects, due to rapid breakdown of the a.i., limiting contact activity to <48 h.

ENVIRONMENTAL FATEAnimals Emamectin benzoate is partially metabolised but rapidly cleared (DT50 following

oral dosing 34–51 h), indicating that it has no potential for bioaccumulation.

甲维盐无潜在生物富集

Plants Metabolism has been investigated in lettuce, cabbage and sweet corn. It is

non-systemic, and rapidly degrades in sunlight to various complex residues in which

undegraded parent is the only significant residue. The residues were very low.

甲维盐无内吸作用，光照下迅速分解，植物体中残留低

Soil/Environment Rapidly degraded. 土壤中降解迅速

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Database Right 2009-2010 BCPC (British Crop Production Council)