精品资料 Literature terms 1Epic : a long narrative poem telling about the deeds

of a great hero and reflecting the values of the society from which it originated. Many epics were drawn from an oral tradition and were tran smitted by song and recitatio n before they were writte n dow n. （史诗） 2Roma nee: It was a long compositi on, sometimes in verse, sometimes in prose, describ ing the life and adve ntures of a n oble hero. （传奇文学）

3Heroic Couplet : the rhymed couplet of iambic pentameter.（ 英雄双 韵体

）

4lambic Pen tameter : is the most com mon En glish meter, i n which each foot

contains an unaccented ________________________ syllable and an accented syllable.（ 五音步抑扬格 ） meter格律 foot音步 5ballad: is a story told in song, usually in 4-1 ine sta nzas, with the second ___

and fourth lines rhymed. （歌谣） 6Sonnet: It is a lyric poem of 14 lines, usually in iambic pentameter, restricted

to a defi nite rhyme scheme. （十四行诗） 7Blank verse : is a type of poetry, distinguished by having a regular meter, but

no rhyme.（无韵诗） 8Soliloquy : an utteranee or discourse by a person who is talking to himself/

herself or is disregardful of or oblivious to any hearers prese nt （ofte n used as a device in a drama to disclose a character 'i nn ermost 精品资料

thoughts）; 2. the act of talking while or as if alone（ 独白） 9Classicism : Aesthetic attitudes and principles manifested in the art,

architecture, and literature of an cie nt Greece and Rome and

characterized by emphasis on form, simplicity, proporti on, and restra int. Classicism was popular in Europe in the 18th cen tury. （古典主义） 10Neo-classicism : neo-classicism imitated the characteristics of Roman

writers, including Horace, Virgil, Cicero, etc., in the days of Augustus. They tried to make English literature conform to rules and principles established by the great Roma n and Greek classical writers .In writ ing plays, they used rhyme and couplet in stead of bla nk verse, observed the trinity --- the unity of time, place and acti on. （新古典主义） 11An epistolary novel is a novel written as a series of documents. The usual

form is letters, although diary entries, newspaper clippings and other docume nts are sometimes used. （书信体小说） 12Sentimentalism is one of the important trends in English literature of the

middle and later decades of the 18th century. It justly criticized the cruelty of the capitalist relatio ns and the gross social injustices brought about by the bourgeois revoluti on s. It embraces a pessimistic outlook and blames reas on and the In dustrial Revoluti on, marked by a sin cere sympathy for the poverty-stricken ‘expropriated peasants.（感伤主义） 精品资料

Romanticism: Romanticism is a literary trend. It prevails in England during

the period 1798-1832. romanticists expressed the ideology and sen time nt of those classes and social strata who were disc ontent with

and opposed to the development of capitalism. They split into two groups because of the differe nt attitudes toward the capitalist society. (浪 漫主义) Ode is a lyric poem of some len gth that honors an in dividual, a thing, a trait dealing with a lofty theme in a dignified manner. The form dates back to classical times and is orig in ally inten ded to be sung at festivals or in plays.

Brief Outline of British Literature : works 1. Early and Medieval En glish Literature 1) The An glo-Saxon Period (449-1066) National epic: The Song of Beowulf 2) The An glo-Norman Period (1066-1350) Arthuria n Roma nee: Sir Gawa in and Gree n Kni ght 3) Geoffrey Chaucer1340-1400 : Messenger of Humanism The first important realistic writer Father ” of English poetry The Ca nterbury Tales the wife of Bath (巴斯夫人)

， 精品资料

the Knight (骑士)

the Pardoner （卖赎罪卷者）,

the Nun ' Priest （尼姑的教士）,

the Prologue （序诗）.

The Roma unt of the Rose 《玫瑰传奇》

The Book of the Duchess 《悼公爵夫人》

Troilus and Criseyde 《特罗伊洛斯和克瑞西德》

Thomas Malory Morte d Arthur （Death of Arthur）《亚瑟之死》

William Lan gla nd Piers the Plowma n [Boccaccio 薄伽丘： Decameron《十日谈》 Ovid奥维德:《爱的艺术》《变形记》] 2. The En glish Ren aissa nee （16 cen tury） Thomas More Utopia Christopher Marlowe 克里斯托弗马洛 First pers on used bla nk verse Death of Arthur《亚瑟之死》

Tamburlaine the Great ?帖木儿大帝

？

The Jew of Malta ?马尔他岛的犹太人 ？

The Tragical History of Doctor Faustus?浮士德博士的悲剧？ Hero and