会话含义理论视角下的唐顿庄园对话分析
Analysis of Downton Abbey conversation
in
Conversational Implicature Perspective
摘要Abstract：
英国ITV热播的古典剧唐顿庄园-反映了20世纪伯爵一家关于家产继承权而衍生出的勾心斗角、阴谋诡计，阶级斗争等等复杂又诱人的故事。剧中语言特色非常具有研究价值。Grice的会话含义理论被认为是语用学的核心内容,极大推进了语用学的研究.文章从会话含义理论的视角去分析唐顿庄园中的对话,旨在为观众更好地理解唐顿庄园提供借鉴，同时也为证明这一理论对分析人物语言的实用性提供了参考。
British ITV hit classical drama Downton Abbey - reflect on a
20th century Earl of family
about property
and
inheritance
rights derived out the infighting, intrigue, class struggle, and so
complex and compelling story. Language Features of Downton
Abbey play high
research value. Grice's conversational
implicature theory is considered to be
the core of pragmatic
learning, which greatly promoted
the study of pragmatics
article. From the
perspective of conversational implicature
theory, this article analyzes the meaning of Downton Abbey in dialogue. In this way not only can audience have a
better
understanding of Downton Abbey, but also prove this
theory
can provide a reference for the practicability of
analyzing
character’s languages.
关键词keywords：会话含义 唐顿庄园 对话分析
conversational implicature theory Downton abbey
Conversation analysis
一．剧情简介Synopsis
古装剧唐顿庄园是一部由英国媒体公司为英国独立电视台（ITV）制作的时代迷你剧，讲述了唐顿庄园的Grantbam伯爵一家，由家产继承问题而引发的种种纠葛和摩擦，呈现了英国上层贵族与其仆人们在森严的等级制度下的人间百态。目前已经播出5季。故事从1912年4月泰坦尼克号沉没，Grawley家族和仆人的日常生活讲起，到第一次世界大战爆发及战后庄园的变化。故事的焦点集中在Grantbam的产业需要一位男性继承人，Mary小姐试图找一位合适的郎君，但恋爱问题麻烦重重。Grantbam伯爵的头衔及产业只能由男性继承人同时继承。而产业徘徊在财务危机的边缘让事情变得棘手，现任的伯爵，即当时的继承人在迎娶了一位极富有的美国女人才让产业得救。通过婚姻，她的巨额财产按照契约永久地成为伯爵资产的一部份，这样伯爵的头衔及产业都会留在现时的家族内部。他们的假定继承人在泰坦尼克号沉没的事故中丧生，而他们的额远房亲戚，一位曼彻斯特的年轻律师，将继承他们的一切，包括伯爵夫人的个人觉财产。
Costume drama Downton Abbey is a British
media
company by the British Independent Television (ITV)
era
produced miniseries, Downton Abbey tells the story
of a
Grantham Earl, the family property inheritance
problems
caused by the various disputes and friction,
showing
Britain upper nobility and its servants in the
strict
hierarchy of human phenomena. It has aired fifth season.
Stories are about from the April 1912 resolution of
the
Titanic sinking, Crawley family and servants talk
in
everyday life, a change in the First World War
and
post-war estate. The focus of the story focused
on
Grantham industry needs a male heir, Miss Mary tried
to
find a suitable Musical, but troubled love
problems.
Grantham’s both barony and industry only inherited
by
male inheritor. The industry teetering on the edge of
the
financial crisis to make things difficult, the current count,
the then heir married a US female talent to make
some
very industry saved. Through marriage, her huge property
according to contract permanently become a part of
the
Earl of assets, so that the title of count and will stay at the current industry within the family. Their heir presumptive
Titanic sank killed in the accident, and their
foreheads
distant relative, a young lawyer in Manchester, they
will
inherit everything, including personal property
feel
countess.
《唐顿庄园》被称为95版傲慢与偏见之后最好的一部时代剧。它拥有英剧时代剧中的一切优秀素质：沉稳的
镜头语言，庞大的家族故事，充满矛盾和隐忍的人物性格，精致的台词，跌宕起伏的故事，击中了很多人的心灵，它将人们带到了上世纪初，用一种偏现代的视角和表现手法，展现了一种经典气质，令人叹息、折服。自从唐顿庄园开播以来，中国学者从各个角度研究它的特点，如研究唐顿庄园的时代主题，从餐饮文化方面分析英国贵族的用餐礼仪，从翻译学角度分析英汉字幕翻译等。但很少有从会话含义理论角度分析唐顿庄园的对话，文章从会话含义理论的角度对唐顿庄园的对话进行分析。
After "Downton Abbey" is called best version of Pride and
Prejudice a period drama. It has a British drama era drama
all the outstanding qualities: calm camera language,
a
huge family stories, full of contradictions and
forbear
character, fine lines, the ups and downs of the story, hit a
lot of people's mind, people will to the beginning of
the
last century, with a modern perspective and partial expression, showing a classical temperament,
alas,
impressed. Downton Abbey since its launch,
Chinese
scholars to study it from every angle characteristics, such
as research theme of the times Downton Manor, from food
culture analyzes the British aristocracy dining
etiquette,
from the perspective of translation studies in English and
Chinese subtitles translation. But few from the theoretical
point of view of the meaning of the session
Downton
Abbey dialogue, the article from the perspective of
the
theory of conversation meaning of Downton
Abbey
conversation analysis.
二：会话含义理论
格莱斯于1957年发表的《意义》一文中正式提出
“非自然意义理论”.他把意义分为两类： “自然意义”（natural meaning）和 “非自然意义”（non-natural meaning).
这一区分的重要理论意义是主张运用
“非自然意义理论”去全面地﹑深入地分析言语交际中地话语意义或信息交流内容. 格莱斯的
“非自然意义理论”实际上是一种交际理论.任何交际过程都涉及交际意图，任何成功的交际都取决于听话人对说话人交际意图地准确理解.