山西大学
硕士学位论文
英文歌词中隐喻的翻译
姓名:王桂伟
申请学位级别:硕士
专业:英语语言文学
指导教师:郑仰成
20060601摘要
尽管英文歌曲在中国广受欢迎已久,但迄今为止有关歌词中隐喻
翻译的研究论著仍然没有。本文的创新之处在于一方面较为全面系统
地从歌词隐喻翻译的各方面进行了分析总结,另一方面结合认知语言
学成就的某些理论成果,对歌词隐喻翻译进行指导,使文章更加有的
放矢。
本文首先回顾了隐喻和歌词及其翻译的历史,在此基础上,结合
动态等价理论成果,对英文歌词中的隐喻进行了研究并探讨了其翻译
途径。由于人类某些共有的认知基础的相似性,英汉语具有一些相类
似的隐喻。然而由于歌词的特殊性,在歌词的隐喻翻译中又需要兼顾
节奏、押韵、风格、句法等歌词特征,同时还要考虑中英歌词特征的
不同之处。基于此,译者需要视具体情况进行一些必要的妥协。如果
英文歌词与相应中文译词语义相近,可采用直译,以取得与原文歌词
类似效果。对于已丧失了形象性的比喻或文化差异太大,直译造成误
解或根本不易于读者所了解或不便于演唱,可以进行形象转换,视具
体情况采用意译、活译、增补等翻译方法,以传达意义,便于演唱为
主。
论文最后指出歌词中的隐喻翻译的意义并为进一步的研究提出了
一些建议。
关键词:隐喻;歌词;英文歌词翻译;动态等价ABSTRACT
AlthoughEnglishsongshavebeen
receivingpopularityamongthe
Chinese,researchfindingsconcerningmetaphortranslationof
songshaven’t
beenavailable.Inthis
paper,thereareseveralvaluabledevotions
bythe
author.Onthe
onehand,thethesismakes
acomprehensiveandsystematic
analysisand
summarizationin
metaphortranslationof
Englishsonglyrics;on
the
other
hand,thethesis
appliessometheoretical
progressin
cognitive
linguisticstointroduce
lyricstranslation.
The
presentpaperfirstlyreviewsthehistoryof
metaphor,songlyrics
and
theirtranslation.Then
based
ondynamicequivalenceincognitive
linguistics,thepapermakes
astudyofmetaphorand
exploresthe
strategies
in
Englishsonglyrics.Owingtothesimilarityin
cognitivelinguistics,there
aresomesimilar
metaphorsinboth
Chineseand
English.However,the
metaphortranslationisconfined
largelybythecharacteristicsof
songlyrics,
such
asrhyme,rhythm,syntax,Chinesetones,andSOon.Also,thedifferent
characteristicsbetweenEnglishandChinese
songlyricsshouldbeconsidered.
So
onthe
premisethatboththeSL
metaphorandTL
metaphorareoflittle
nationalcolorsand
conveythesamesemantic
meanings,thetranslatorCan
preserveimagesSOastoarousesimilaraestheticeffect
onthe
targetreaders.
Ifthemetaphorshavelosttheir
imageryduetooveruseorthecultural
gapis
averydistantone,thetranslators
maychoosethemethodsof
paraphrasing,
adaptation,contextualamplification,sincealiteraltranslationmightbe
misleading,unintelligibleorunfitfor
singingtothe
targetreaders.
Finally,itpointsoutthe
implicationsderivedfromtheresearch
findingsandmakes
some
suggestionsforfurtherstudies.
Keywords:metaphor;songlyrics;translationof
Englishsonglyrics;
dynamic
equivalenceChapter1Introduction
1.1IntroductioⅡ
The
last/IIO/.ethan
twentyyearshaswitnessed
anexplosionof
books.anthologies
and
jourrlalarticles
onthesubjectofmetaphor.Ithas
goneoff
notonlyamong
philosophers,whosefascinationwith
metaphorwasfirst
sparkedbyAristotle,andamong
literarytheorists,butoneveryintellectualfront:among
linguists,psychologists,
anthropologists,sciencehistorians,arthistorians,andtheologians.Whatwasonce
a
specializedtopicinrhetoricand
poeticshasnowbecome
afertile
groundfor
interdisciplinaryresearch.
Forexample,Kittay(1987)elaboratedthe
relationshipbetween
philosophyand
metaphorinhisexplanationofmetaphor.Cameronand
Low(2001)demonstratedtheir
discoveryofthe
significanceofmetaphorin
appliedlinguistics.Researchonmetaphorhas
become
oneofthefastest-growingand
importantareasoflanguageresearch|’and
metaphorisnowrecognizedascen订al
tolanguageuse.
Theinterestin
metaphorandthe
studyofitsstructure,mechanism,function,effect,
and
cognitivenaturehavegrown
rapidly.AsBooth(1978)noticed,‘'Nomatterhowwe
define
it,metaphorseenlstobe
takingovernotonlytheworldofhumanistsbuttheworld
ofthesocialandnaturalsciencesaswell”.Heregardedthetransitional
periodas‘‘an
intellectualmovement'’,which
is“oneofthe
greatestinthe
historyofthought'’0.47).
Fromthe
viewpointof
aphilosopher,Johnson(198I)observedthe
changelikethis:
“We
a/einthemidstof
ametaphormania.Onlythreedecades
agothesituationwasjust
theopposite:poetscreated
metaphors,everybodyusedthem.,andphilosophers(1inguists,
psychologists,etc.)ignoredthem.Todayweseem
possessedbymetaphor'’Q.16).Bythen
metaphorhadalreadymoved‘‘fromthestatusof
asubsidiaryconcem
tothe
statusof
a
centralproblem”(Johnson,1981,p.3).
Alotofresearchworkhasbeendone
concerningdifferent
perspectivesofmetaphor,
amongwhichLakoffand
Johnson’sstudies
areveryinfluential.Lakoff(1993)calledhis
newtheoryofmetaphoras‘'the
contemporarytheoryofmetaphor",whichclaimsthat
metaphor,initsbroadsense,ispervasiveand
essentialinlanguageand
thought.Human
conceptualsystemsarepervasive,structured
bymetaphor,metonymy,andother
kinds
of