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英文歌词中隐喻的翻译

山西大学

硕士学位论文

英文歌词中隐喻的翻译

姓名:王桂伟

申请学位级别:硕士

专业:英语语言文学

指导教师:郑仰成

20060601摘要

尽管英文歌曲在中国广受欢迎已久,但迄今为止有关歌词中隐喻

翻译的研究论著仍然没有。本文的创新之处在于一方面较为全面系统

地从歌词隐喻翻译的各方面进行了分析总结,另一方面结合认知语言

学成就的某些理论成果,对歌词隐喻翻译进行指导,使文章更加有的

放矢。

本文首先回顾了隐喻和歌词及其翻译的历史,在此基础上,结合

动态等价理论成果,对英文歌词中的隐喻进行了研究并探讨了其翻译

途径。由于人类某些共有的认知基础的相似性,英汉语具有一些相类

似的隐喻。然而由于歌词的特殊性,在歌词的隐喻翻译中又需要兼顾

节奏、押韵、风格、句法等歌词特征,同时还要考虑中英歌词特征的

不同之处。基于此,译者需要视具体情况进行一些必要的妥协。如果

英文歌词与相应中文译词语义相近,可采用直译,以取得与原文歌词

类似效果。对于已丧失了形象性的比喻或文化差异太大,直译造成误

解或根本不易于读者所了解或不便于演唱,可以进行形象转换,视具

体情况采用意译、活译、增补等翻译方法,以传达意义,便于演唱为

主。

论文最后指出歌词中的隐喻翻译的意义并为进一步的研究提出了

一些建议。

关键词:隐喻;歌词;英文歌词翻译;动态等价ABSTRACT

AlthoughEnglishsongshavebeen

receivingpopularityamongthe

Chinese,researchfindingsconcerningmetaphortranslationof

songshaven’t

beenavailable.Inthis

paper,thereareseveralvaluabledevotions

bythe

author.Onthe

onehand,thethesismakes

acomprehensiveandsystematic

analysisand

summarizationin

metaphortranslationof

Englishsonglyrics;on

the

other

hand,thethesis

appliessometheoretical

progressin

cognitive

linguisticstointroduce

lyricstranslation.

The

presentpaperfirstlyreviewsthehistoryof

metaphor,songlyrics

and

theirtranslation.Then

based

ondynamicequivalenceincognitive

linguistics,thepapermakes

astudyofmetaphorand

exploresthe

strategies

in

Englishsonglyrics.Owingtothesimilarityin

cognitivelinguistics,there

aresomesimilar

metaphorsinboth

Chineseand

English.However,the

metaphortranslationisconfined

largelybythecharacteristicsof

songlyrics,

such

asrhyme,rhythm,syntax,Chinesetones,andSOon.Also,thedifferent

characteristicsbetweenEnglishandChinese

songlyricsshouldbeconsidered.

So

onthe

premisethatboththeSL

metaphorandTL

metaphorareoflittle

nationalcolorsand

conveythesamesemantic

meanings,thetranslatorCan

preserveimagesSOastoarousesimilaraestheticeffect

onthe

targetreaders.

Ifthemetaphorshavelosttheir

imageryduetooveruseorthecultural

gapis

averydistantone,thetranslators

maychoosethemethodsof

paraphrasing,

adaptation,contextualamplification,sincealiteraltranslationmightbe

misleading,unintelligibleorunfitfor

singingtothe

targetreaders.

Finally,itpointsoutthe

implicationsderivedfromtheresearch

findingsandmakes

some

suggestionsforfurtherstudies.

Keywords:metaphor;songlyrics;translationof

Englishsonglyrics;

dynamic

equivalenceChapter1Introduction

1.1IntroductioⅡ

The

last/IIO/.ethan

twentyyearshaswitnessed

anexplosionof

books.anthologies

and

jourrlalarticles

onthesubjectofmetaphor.Ithas

goneoff

notonlyamong

philosophers,whosefascinationwith

metaphorwasfirst

sparkedbyAristotle,andamong

literarytheorists,butoneveryintellectualfront:among

linguists,psychologists,

anthropologists,sciencehistorians,arthistorians,andtheologians.Whatwasonce

specializedtopicinrhetoricand

poeticshasnowbecome

afertile

groundfor

interdisciplinaryresearch.

Forexample,Kittay(1987)elaboratedthe

relationshipbetween

philosophyand

metaphorinhisexplanationofmetaphor.Cameronand

Low(2001)demonstratedtheir

discoveryofthe

significanceofmetaphorin

appliedlinguistics.Researchonmetaphorhas

become

oneofthefastest-growingand

importantareasoflanguageresearch|’and

metaphorisnowrecognizedascen订al

tolanguageuse.

Theinterestin

metaphorandthe

studyofitsstructure,mechanism,function,effect,

and

cognitivenaturehavegrown

rapidly.AsBooth(1978)noticed,‘'Nomatterhowwe

define

it,metaphorseenlstobe

takingovernotonlytheworldofhumanistsbuttheworld

ofthesocialandnaturalsciencesaswell”.Heregardedthetransitional

periodas‘‘an

intellectualmovement'’,which

is“oneofthe

greatestinthe

historyofthought'’0.47).

Fromthe

viewpointof

aphilosopher,Johnson(198I)observedthe

changelikethis:

“We

a/einthemidstof

ametaphormania.Onlythreedecades

agothesituationwasjust

theopposite:poetscreated

metaphors,everybodyusedthem.,andphilosophers(1inguists,

psychologists,etc.)ignoredthem.Todayweseem

possessedbymetaphor'’Q.16).Bythen

metaphorhadalreadymoved‘‘fromthestatusof

asubsidiaryconcem

tothe

statusof

centralproblem”(Johnson,1981,p.3).

Alotofresearchworkhasbeendone

concerningdifferent

perspectivesofmetaphor,

amongwhichLakoffand

Johnson’sstudies

areveryinfluential.Lakoff(1993)calledhis

newtheoryofmetaphoras‘'the

contemporarytheoryofmetaphor",whichclaimsthat

metaphor,initsbroadsense,ispervasiveand

essentialinlanguageand

thought.Human

conceptualsystemsarepervasive,structured

bymetaphor,metonymy,andother

kinds

of

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