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高三英语定语从句高考考点讲解


注意 the same … as / such … as 的使用问题 当先行词被 the same 所修饰时,关系词既可以 用 as,也可以用 that。在表示具体事物时,有时 两者有一定的区别。一般说来,表示同一种类多 用 as,表示同一事物多用 that。如: This is the same instrument that I used yesterday. 这就是我昨天用过的那台仪器。 This is the same instrument as I used yesterday. 这台仪器跟我昨天用过的那台一样。 在抽象概念上,同种类和同一事物是没有绝 对区别的,所以两个词可换用: I have the same opinion as / that you have.
因为定语从句中不能出现代替先行词的词,故 、 为错误选项 为错误选项,另外关系 因为定语从句中不能出现代替先行词的词 故B、C为错误选项 另外关系 代词应紧接在先行词后面,所以插入语 所以插入语I 应放在关系代词后面。 代词应紧接在先行词后面 所以插入语 think应放在关系代词后面。 应放在关系代词后面 例2: Is this factory________ you visited yesterday? D A. Which B. that C. where D. the one 不少同学可能会将factory作为先行词而误选 或B,其实将该句还原成陈述句 作为先行词而误选A或 其实将该句还原成陈述句 不少同学可能会将 作为先行词而误选 This factory is________you visited yesterday.时,可以清楚地发现该定语从句 时 可以清楚地发现该定语从句 缺少在从句中作宾语的先行词,所以应填 所以应填the one。 缺少在从句中作宾语的先行词 所以应填 。 例3: The students in our class study harder than ________are in their B class. A. who B. those who C. that D. which
考点六: 考点六:介词加关系代词引导定语从句
C 1、The place ____ the bridge is supposed to be built should be 、 ___ the cross-river traffic is the heaviest. (05江苏卷 江苏卷) 江苏卷 A. which; where B. at which; which C. at which; where D. which; in which C 2、He was educated at a local grammar school, ____ he went 、 on to Cambridge. (05山东卷) 山东卷) 山东卷 A. from which B. after that C. after which D. from this
1) Last month, part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods, from_______effects the people are still suffering. (05津卷) 津卷) 津卷 B A. that B. whose C. those D. what D 2) George Orwell, ______ was Eric Arthur, wrote many political novels and essays. (04北京) 北京) 北京 A. the real name B. what his real name C. his real name D. whose real name
Such as 与such that B He is such a good teacher ____ we all love and respect. A that B. as C. who D. so 他是那样一位好老师,我们大家都热爱和尊敬他 He is such a good teacher that we all love and respect him.
定语从句
The man who lives next to us sells vegetables.
后 放置于名词之_____,修饰名词的从句 , 放置于名词之 先行词 1. 关系词 2. 在从句中充当成分 连接作用
1. 关系代词 (主语 宾语 主语/宾语 主语 宾语)
who 1. 指人 that whom whose 2. 指物 that which whose as
考点五: 考点五:关系代词和关系副词的比较 1、Do you still remember the chicken farm _____ we visited 、 C three months ago? (05北京春季) 北京春季) 北京春季 A. where B. when C. that D. what 2、There were dirty marks on her trousers ______ she had 、 A wiped her hands. (04全国 ) 全国II) 全国 A. where B. which C. When D. that 当先行词是表时间 time, day 等和表地点的 place, house 等 时间的 时间 时,一定要注意分析从句的结构。如果缺少主语或宾语 主语或宾语,关 主语或宾语 系词应该用 which 或 that, 缺少时间状语或地点状语 时间状语或地点状语时,才 时间状语或地点状语 能用 when 或 where。题1中的 farm 作 visited 的宾语,故选 C;题2中的 trousers 作 wiped 的地点状语,故选A。
题1中 the place 在定语从句中作 to be built 的地点状语,此 处的 at which 相当于 where; 后面是表语从句,表示建在某 地。题2表示读完当地的语法学校后去剑桥深造,故选C。
介词加关系代词引导定语从句是近几年高考中 的热点,复习中需注意以下几个问题: 的热点,复习中需注意以下几个问题:
考点二:分析有无先行词 巧解定语从句试题 考点二:分析有无先行词,巧解定语从句试题
先行词是被定语从句所修饰的中心名词,没有它的存在 定语从句就不能成立 先行词是被定语从句所修饰的中心名词 没有它的存在,定语从句就不能成立。 没有它的存在
例1: He made another wonderful discovery ,________of great A iபைடு நூலகம்portance to science. A. which I think is B. which I think it is C. which I think it D. I think which is
“whose +名词中心词”这一结构在定语从句中既能作主语(如 题2),又能作宾语(如题1)。whose 的先行词常用来指人(如 题2),但有时也可以用来指具体事物或抽象概念(如题1), 这时可以与of which 结构互换,词序是:“名词+of which” 。题 1可变为:from the effects of which …
3. 指某一情况 which 不能放于句首 关系词
放于句中或句首 “正如” 正如” 正如 2. 关系副词 (状语 状语) 状语 when where why
考点一:关系代词: as 考点一:关系代词 1、_____ is often the case, we have worked out the 、 D production plan. (04江苏) 江苏) 江苏 A. Which B. When C. What D. As 2、John said he’d been working in the office for an hour, 、 C _______ was true. (01北京春季) 北京春季) 北京春季 A.he B.this C.which D.who . . . . 1)非限制性定语从句一般采用 which 或 as 来引导。使用 这两个词时要注意三点: (1)as 引导的从句可以放在主 句之前,而which 引导的从句只能放在主句之后。(2) 从意义上讲,which 指前面主句的内容;而 as 指代的是 作为一般人都知道的常识性的东西,因此常译成“就 “ 那样、 象……那样、正如所 那样 正如所……的”。 (3)如果定语从句的内 的 容对主句的内容起消极 消极作用,则用 which,而不用 as, 消极
考点四: whose指物时可与of which等互换, 考点四: whose指物时可与of which等互换, 指物时可与 等互换 但应注意与冠词的位置关系。 但应注意与冠词的位置关系。如:
the cover of which
This is the book
is blue. whose cover
分析语境含义及句子结构可知,该空缺少先行词和在定语从句中作主语的关系代词, 所以应填those who。
考点三:有时先行词含义较为抽象 较难看出其属性 较难看出其属性,应多加思索 考点三:有时先行词含义较为抽象,较难看出其属性 应多加思索 并认真分析后才能正确解题。 并认真分析后才能正确解题。 A 例1: He’s got himself into a dangerous situation _____ he is likely to lose
他是一位我们大家都热爱和尊敬的好老师.
1.a.It is such an interesting book _____ we all want to read twice. C b.It is such an interesting book____ we all want to read it twice. A as, as B. that, that C. as, that D. that, as 2.I have never heard such stories ____ he tells. A.As B. that C. which D.Awhat
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