文化因素对外商直接投资的影响摘要首先，本文对文话的含义进行了阐述，并认为，文化具有习得性和共享性的特征。
文化维度是Hofstede对文化因素进行定量研究时所界定的概念，文化距离是衡量客观现实存在的文化差异度。
本文总结了经典的外商直接投资理论：垄断优势论、内部化理论、边际比较优势理论、技术地方化理论和技术创新升级理论。
然后，本文阐述了我国与邻国的文化认同的来源，并探究了文化认同对外商直接投资的积极影响：文化认同属于“隐蔽的信息”，有助于减少就业市场和人力资源管理信息不对称的风险，有助于对办事流程和规则形成合理预期，有利于投资者形成对其企业产品的市场预期，有利于母公司的企业文化和公司价值观念的延续。
在此基础之上，研究了文化认同对我国吸引外商直接投资的具体体现。
其次，本文探究了文化冲突对外商直接投资的影响。
积极方面，文化冲突有利于激发新思维，促进合资企业的创新；文化冲突的解决将产生多元文化优势叠加效应；冲突为企业注入新的生命力，有利于促进企业内部调整与改革创新。
消极方面，文化冲突增加外商直接投资企业内部管理的复杂性；增加交易成本，进而削弱合资企业的市场竞争力；影响外商直接投资企业中的信任关系，难以搞好人际关系；将增加决策的难度，降低决策的有效性。
最后，本文对政府提出了政策建议：我国参与“走出去”的中国企业大多是国有企业，国有企业的发展引领我国产业转型、是建设社会主义国家的主力军，因此政府应对其进行相关指导，尤其需要加大对文化环境方面的重视。
企业也应当发展企业亚文化，做好中外员工文化差异的跨文化培训；在与外商洽谈时，应尊重外商的习惯，树立良好的企业形象；学习国外对技术人才的激励机制，发展适合我国的人才培养机制。
关键词文化冲突文化认同外商直接投资企业投资AbstractFirst of all, in this paper, the article expatiates on the meanings of the words, and believes that culture is learned and sharing features. Is Hofstede cultural dimensions of culture factors in quantitative research is defined, the concept of cultural differences is an objective reality measure of cultural distance. This article summarizes the classical theory of foreign direct investment: monopoly superiority, the internalization theory, marginal comparative advantage theory, technology localization theory and upgrading of technological innovation theory.Then, this paper expounds the sources of cultural identity with neighbouring countries in our country, and explore the foreign direct investment (fdi) in the positive influence of cultural identity, cultural identity belongs to "hidden information", helps to reduce the employment market of information asymmetry, and human resources management risk, help business processes and rules to form reasonable expectations, is conducive to investors in the enterprise product market expectations, is advantageous to the parent company of the corporate culture and corporate values. On this basis, study the cultural identity of the embodiment of our country to attract fdi.Secondly, this paper explores the cultural conflict the influence of foreign direct investment (fdi). Positive aspects, cultural conflict is helpful to inspire new thinking, promote the innovation of the joint venture; Cultural conflict resolution will have a multicultural advantage superposition effect; Conflict is enterprise infuse new vitality, promote the enterprise internal adjustment and innovation. Negative aspects, cultural conflict increases the complexity of foreign direct investment in the enterprise internal management; Increase the transaction cost, and then weaken the market competitiveness of the joint venture; Influence the trust of foreign direct investment enterprises is difficult to do a good job in interpersonal relationships; Will increase the difficulty of the decision, reduce the effectiveness of the decision.Finally, the article puts forward policy recommendations to the government: our country to participate in the "going out" of Chinese companies are mostly state-owned enterprises, state-owned enterprises in the development of leading industry transformation in our country, is the main force of construction socialist country, so the government's response to its relevant guidance, especially need to increase the emphasis on cultural environment aspects. Enterprises should also develop subculture, completes the cultural differences between the Chinese and foreign staff cross-cultural training; When negotiation with foreign, should respect the habits, establish good corporate image; Study abroad for technical personnel incentive mechanism, development suited to China's personnel training mechanism.Key words Culture conflict; Cultural identity; Foreign direct investment; Business investment目录一、相关概念的界定 (6)（一）文化的含义与特征 (6)1.文化的习得性 (6)2.文化的共享性 (6)（二）文化差异旳度量 (6)1.文化的维度 (6)2.文化的距离 (7)（三）外商直接投资理论 (7)1.传统的外商直接投资理论 (7)2.发展中国家的对外直接投资理论 (8)二、文化认同对外商直接投资的影响 (8)（一）我国与邻国的文化认同 (8)（二）文化认同对外商直接投资的积极影响 (9)1.文化认同属于“隐蔽的信息” (9)2.减少就业市场和人力资源管理信息不对称的风险 (9)3.有利于对办事流程和规则形成合理预期 (9)4.有利于投资者形成对其企业产品的市场预期 (10)5.有利于母公司的企业文化和公司价值观念的延续 (10)（三）文化认同对我国吸引外商直接投资的体现 (10)三、文化冲突对外商直接投资的影响 (11)（一）文化冲突对外商直接投资的积极影响 (11)1.有利于激发新思维，促进合资企业的创新 (12)2.文化冲突的解决将产生多元文化优势叠加效应 (12)3.为企业注入新的生命力,有利于促进企业内部调整与改革创新 (12)（二）文化冲突对外商直接投资的消极影响 (12)1.增加外商直接投资企业内部管理的复杂性 (12)2.增加交易成本，进而削弱合资企业的市场竞争力 (13)3.影响外商直接投资企业中的信任关系，难以搞好人际关系 (13)4.将增加决策的难度，降低决策的有效性 (14)四、解决文化冲突对外商直接投资消极影响的对策 (14)（一）实行本土化企业管理模式 (14)（二）开展跨文化培训 (15)参考文献 (17)文化因素对外商直接投资的影响一、相关概念的界定（一）文化的含义与特征文化是一种心理程序,这种心理程序源于人们共同的教育和生活经历,文化可以分为表层、中层和核心层,能够被感知的外在事物是表层,社会上逐渐形成的规范属于中层,隐含的信念则是核心层,三层紧密联系,缺一不可。