化学本科毕业论文 题 目: 金属离子掺杂的硫化镉光催 化剂可见光分解水产氢性能 学 院: 化学化工学院 专 业: 化学 毕业年限: 2013年6月30日 学生姓名: 连菊红 学 号: 200973010120 指导教师: 王其召 金属离子掺杂的硫化镉硫化锌固溶体光催化剂可见光分解水产氢性能 中文摘要 环境恶化和能源危机是当前人类社会所面临的两个重大问题，利用可再生资源制备清洁无污染的氢能源是解决上述问题的有效途径之一。在众多的制氢方法中，由“Fujishima-Honda”效应发展而来的多相光催化分解水技术日益受到广泛关注。设计和制备能够完全分解水的光催化剂材料，具有非常重要的理论现实意义。 3+2+2+本文以NaS和NaSO为电子给体,研究了 Y、Ba、Sr掺杂对223 3+CdZnS固溶体催化剂的光催化制氢性能的影响。以水热法制备了Y、x1-x 2+2+Ba、Sr掺杂CdZnS固溶体催化剂。借助X射线衍射仪(XRD)、漫反x1-x 3+射(UV-Vis)、扫描电镜(SEM)等手段对催化剂进行表征。结果表明，Y、2+2+2+2+Ba、Sr的掺杂对CdZnS的晶型没有影响，在可见光下, Ba、Sr掺x1-x 3+杂有效的提高了催化剂的产氢量，而Y的掺杂基本没有改变催化剂的产氢 2+2+量，主要是因为Ba、Sr掺杂有效地抑制了电子和空穴的分离,提高了光催化活性。 关键词:光催化;产氢; 固溶体;水热法 ;CdZnS; 掺杂 x1-x 2 金属离子掺杂的硫化镉硫化锌固溶体光催化剂可见光分解水产氢性能 Abstract Nowadays, it is very urgent for human beings to develop clean, no-polluting hydrogen energy, since the energy and environmental problem caused by the large-scale exploitation and use of fossil energy. Among many methods of hydrogen production, the heterogeneous photocatalytic water splitting technique which was developed from “Fujishima-Honda” is increasingly under the spotlight. It is meaningful to design and develop solid photocatalysts which can stoichiometrically split water into hydrogen and oxygen. 3+2+2+In this thesis, the effects of Y、Ba、Sr ion doping on photocatalytic hydrogen evolution over sulfide photocatalysts from aqueous solution 3+2+2+containing NaS and NaS0 as a electron donor were researched. Y、Ba、Sr 223 doped CdZnS photocatalysts were prepared by hydrothermal method. x1-x photocatalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM),UV-Vis absorption spectroscope (UV-Vis). The 2+2+results showed that Ba、Sr ion doping on photocatalysts had not effect on 2+2+crystal structure. The modification of Ba、Sr doping can efficiently depress the recombination of electron and hole. Keywords: photocatalytic; Hydrogen evolution; solid solution; hydrothermal reaction; CdZnS; doping. x1-x 3 金属离子掺杂的硫化镉硫化锌固溶体光催化剂可见光分解水产氢性能 目 录 中文摘要 .............................................................................................................. 2 Abstract ............................................................................................................... 3 ................................................................................................ 5 第一部分 综述 1.1课题背景 ................................................................................................. 5 1.2 研究现状 ................................................................................................ 6 1.2.1光催化制氢的原理 ....................................................................... 6 1.2.2 光催化分解水的基本步骤 .......................................................... 8 1.2.3 光催化分解水过程影响因素 ...................................................... 8 1.2.4 光解水催化剂的研究现状 .......................................................... 9 1.3 硫化物型半导体光催化剂 .................................................................... 9 第二部分 实验部分 .................................................................................... 11 2.1 主要化学试剂和仪器........................................................................... 11 2.1.1 主要化学试剂 ............................................................................. 11 2.1.2 主要仪器.................................................................................... 11 2.2 催化剂的制备 ...................................................................................... 11 2.2.1 CdZnS的制备 ...................................................................... 11 0.10.9 2.2.2 CdSrZnS的制备............................................................. 12 0.10.050.85 2.2.3 CdYZnS的制备 ............................................................. 12 0.10.050.85 2.2.4 CdBaZnS的制备............................................................ 12 0.10.050.85 2.3 催化剂可见光光催化反应 .................................................................. 12 2.3.1 光催化反应系统 ........................................................................ 12 2.3.2 光催化反应 ................................................................................ 13 第三部分 催化剂的理化性质及光解水性能 .................................................. 14 3.1 催化剂的表征 ...................................................................................... 14 3.1.1扫描电镜(SEM) ..................................................................... 14