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课程设计
课程设计(论文)
RIP路由协议的设计与实现
院(系)名称 电子与信息工程学院
专业班级
学号
学生姓名
指导教师
起 止 时 间:
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. 课程设计(论文)任务及评语
院(系):电子与信息工程学院 教研室:
课程设计(论文)任务 设计内容
完成交换式以太网的拓扑结构设计,至少包含2台以上路由器(含串口)以及交换机,完成设备选型。规划IP地址以及VLAN划分,进行路由器及交换机的配置。配置路由器信息,必须包括RIP路由协议的配置。与外网连接部分可以自行设计。不同网络间通过RIP协议进行路由信息的交换,从而实现互连互通。
性能指标及技术要求
1、在Cisco Packet Tracer中完成程序的编写与仿真;包括设计程序,仿真界面,网络连通性测试等。
2、分析设计要求,构建总体设计方案。
3、给出相关设备工作原理、系统设计说明。
4、完成系统配置与仿真结果分析说明。
5、按照要求完成设计报告。
指导教师评语及成绩
平时成绩: 答辩成绩: 论文成绩:
总成绩: 指导教师签字:
年 月 日
注:平时成绩占20%,答辩成绩占40%,论文成绩占40%。.
. 摘 要
RIP协议是一种内部网管协议(IGP),是一种动态路由选择协议,用于自治系统(AS)内的路由信息的传递。RIP协议基于距离矢量算法(DistanceVectorAlgorithms),使用“跳数”(即metric)来衡量到达目标地址的路由距离。这种协议的路由器只关心自己周围的世界,只与自己相邻的路由器交换信息,范围限制在15跳(15度)之内,再远,它就不关心了。RIP应用于OSI网络七层模型的应用层。各厂家定义的管理距离(AD,即优先级)如下:华为定义的优先级是100,华三定义优先级是100,思科定义的是120。
随着OSPF和IS-IS的出现,许多人认为RIP已经过时了。但事实上RIP也有它自己的优点。对于小型网络,RIP就所占带宽而言开销小,易于配置、管理和实现,并且RIP还在大量使用中。但RIP也有明显的不足,即当有多个网络时会出现环路问题。为了解决环路问题,IETF提出了分割范围方法,即路由器不可以通过它得知路由的接口去宣告路由。分割范围解决了两个路由器之间的路由环路问题,但不能防止3个或多个路由器形成路由环路。触发更新是解决环路问题的另一方法,它要求路由器在链路发生变化时立即传输它的路由表。这加速了网络的聚合,但容易产生广播泛滥。总之,环路问题的解决需要消耗一定的时间和带宽。若采用RIP协议,其网络内部所经过的链路数不能超过15,这使得RIP协议不适于大型网络。
关键词:RIP协议;网络;路由器 .
. Abstract
RIP protocol is an internal gateway protocol (IGP), which is a kind of dynamic
routing protocol, which is used to transfer the routing information in the autonomous
system (AS). RIP protocol based on distance vector algorithm
(DistanceVectorAlgorithms), using the "hop count" (that is, metric) to measure the
distance to reach the destination address of the routing distance. This protocol router
only cares about the world around them, and their adjacent routers exchange
information, the scope of the 15 jump (15 degrees), and then far, it does not care.
Application layer of RIP applied to seven layer model of OSI network. Each
manufacturer defines the management distance (AD, that is, the priority) is as follows:
the priority of HUAWEI definition is 100, the definition of China three priority is 100,
CISCO is defined by 120.
With the appearance of OSPF and IS-IS, many people think that RIP is out of date.
But in fact RIP also has its own advantages. For small networks, RIP is small, easy to
configure, manage, and implement, and RIP is still being used in a large number of
uses. But RIP also has obvious shortcomings, that is, when there are multiple networks
will appear loop problem. In order to solve the loop problem, IETF proposes a partition
method, that is, the router can not know the route through the interface to declare the
route. The split range solves the routing loop problem between the two routers, but can
not prevent the 3 or more routers from forming a routing loop. Trigger update is
another way to solve the loop problem, which requires the router to transmit its routing
table when the link is changed. This accelerates the aggregation of the network, but it
is prone to broadcast flooding. In short, the solution of the loop problem needs to
consume a certain amount of time and bandwidth. If the RIP protocol is adopted, the
number of links in the network can not be more than 15, which makes the RIP protocol
not suitable for large networks.
Key words:RIP protocol;internal;Router .
. 目 录
第1章 绪论 ............................................................................................................ 1
1.1 RIP路由协议开发背景 .............................................................................. 1
1.2 RIP路由协议的设计内容及要求 .............................................................. 1
第2章 需求分析 .................................................................................................... 2
2.1调研情况 ..................................................................................................... 2
2.2 模块划分 .................................................................................................... 2
2.3 RIP路由协议的特性 .................................................................................. 3
2.4 系统的需求分析 ........................................................................................ 4
第3章RIP路由协议的设计 .................................................................................. 5
3.1 RIP路由协议的设计原理 .......................................................................... 5
3.2 RIP路由协议的功能描述与模块划分 ...................................................... 5
第4章 RIP路由协议的详细设计与编码 ............................................................. 6
4.1 RIP路由协议的网络拓扑图 ...................................................................... 6
4.2 RIP路由协议的编码 .................................................................................. 6
第5章 设计过程关键问题及其解决办法 .......................................................... 12
5.1 如何实现广播本地路由及更新动态更新路由表 .................................. 12
5.2如何在网络拓扑结构改变后实现动态更新维护路由表 ....................... 12
第6章 程序设计结果界面演示 .......................................................................... 13
第7章 总结 .......................................................................................................... 15
参考文献 ................................................................................................................ 16