4. S+V+IO+DO 主+谓+间宾+直宾 (双宾语） e.g: She gave me a pen. I’ll find you a good chance as long as you don’t lose heart . Will you sing us a song ? 5. S+V+O+OC 主+谓+宾+宾补 e.g: They elected him president / monitor /chairman / captain . I always keep the keys in my pocket . Don’t get the class饰限定名词或代词，说明该名词或代词的状态、品 质、数量等 The little boy needs a blue pen. Two boys need two pens. His name is Tom. There are more than 100 women teachers in our school. Who is the man shaking hands with Mr. Smith ? This is the bridge built last year . There is nothing that worries him . He is reading an article about how to learn English . A noise outside made him turn around . Our monitor is always the first to enter the classroom .
强调：系动词的分类 ①变化类: become, get, turn, grow, come, go, fall ②感官类: look, sound, feel, taste, smell ③“显得”类:seem, appear, look ④状态类: be , keep, stay, remain, lie, sit, stand, continue ⑤prove , turn out 系动词无被动语态、无进行时态。
句子成分和 简单句五种基本句型
一、句子成分
概述：
组成句子的各个部分叫句子成分。句子成分包括主语、 谓语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和宾语补足语。主语 和谓语是句子的主体部分（在英文中一般的句子必须 有主语和谓语）。
一、主语 是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首。 e.g: The beautiful woman is a famous scientist . We should try to speak English in class . One third of the teachers are from other places. Smoking does great harm to one’s health . To master a foreign language calls for a great deal of memory work . To see is to believe . Whether she will go or not is still a question . 常用名词、动词不定式、动名词、代词、数词和主语 从句充当。
1. S+V 主谓 e. g: We all breathe , eat and drink . What he said doesn’t matter . The pen writes smoothly . They talked for half an hour . 2. S+V+O 主谓宾 e. g: He plays (及物) the piano. Are you enjoying yourself ? 3. S+V+P 主系表 e.g: He stayed awake all night . Their plan sounds wonderful .
练习
说出下列划线部分单词或词组在句子 中各充当什么成分
1. I don't like the picture on the wall.
主 谓语 宾语 定语 2. My brother hasn't done his homework.
主语 主 表语 谓语 定语
3. It is a great pleasure to talk with you .
Homework : 1. 巩固所学内容。 2. 翻译下列句子。 ①奶奶昨晚给我们讲了一个有趣的故事。 ②请把那本词典递给我好吗？ ③他父亲已经给他买了一辆新自行车。 ④这个计划听起来很好。 ⑤他觉得他的新工作很有趣。 ⑥我看到她正与Nancy 闲聊。 ⑦你介意等几分钟吗？ ⑧他们把门漆成红色。
四、宾语 是动作行为的对象或承受者,放在及物动词或介词之 后 e.g: Every one of you should have an English-Chinese dictionary . The news surprised her greatly . We need two more . I can’t help thinking of my childhood . Please remember to buy me some stamps . No one knows what she is thinking about . 常用名词、动词不定式、动名词、代词、数 词和从句充当
五、补足语 1. 补充句子中主语和宾语的意义的句子成分 2. 由名词、代词、形容词、副词、数词、非谓语、 介词短语充当。 e.g: They painted their boat white . His father named him Nick . They found their hometown greatly changed . When I entered the room , I found him reading a book . I like him because he always make me laugh . I saw him go into the classroom . He was seen to go into the classroom .
S+V+IO+DO 主谓+间宾+直宾 ①S+Vt+DO+to+IO bring , take , show 带来带去让人看 pass , lend , read , return 传递借阅（应）归还 owe , offer , leave , give , send 归功提供留给送 teach , write , pay 教（你）（书）写得付钱 ② S+Vt+DO+for+IO spare , save , fetch 匀出节省去拿来 find , get , make , buy 找搞制作又购买 sing , play , cook 歌唱演奏加烹调 choose , pick ,select 挑选用for要记牢 ③ S+Vt+DO+of+IO ask , require , request , desire , demand e.g: The boss demanded an immediate reply of us .
■巩固性练习■: 请判断下列句子的结构类型 1. He is running. S+V S+V+O+OC 2. The loud voice from the upstairs made him angry. 3. The little boy is asking the teacher all kinds of questions. S+V+IO+DO 4. She seemed angry. S+V+P S+V+IO+DO 5. My father bought me a beautiful present. 6. Why do you keep your eyes closed? S+V+O+OC 7. Will you tell us an exciting story? S+V+IO+DO S+V+O+OC 8. We must keep our classroom tidy and clean. S+V+O+OC 9. I heard the baby crying in the sitting room. 10. Can you push the window open? S+V+O+OC
七、状语 修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。 由副词、非谓语、介词短语、状语从句、名词 短语、形容词（短语）充当。 e.g: He runs fast . She is very beautiful . He is in the room making a model plane . Encouraged by the teacher , I made up my mind to learn English well . He works in this factory . Once you begin , you must continue . Would you please come this way ? Full of joy , he hurried home .
二、谓语 1. 说明主语的动作、状态和特征，一般放 在主 语的后面 2. 常用动词或动词词组充当 e.g: We study English. He is asleep. You may go now.
他开门进来了。 He opened the door and came in . Opening the door , he came in .