中国·城市建设研究院
China Urban Construction Design & Research Institute
5
CUCD
Construction and Running of MSW Incineration Plants in China
全国城镇“十一五”环境卫生规划 Chinese Environmental Sanitation Plan (2006-2010)
4
CUCD
Construction and Running of MSW Incineration Plants in China
城市生活垃圾产量预测
Municipal Solid Waste Output Forecast
预计到2010年： • 全国县城以上生活垃圾总产量约为2.5亿吨 – 城市：1.8亿吨/年（日均约为49.3万吨） – 县城：0.7亿吨/年（日均约为19.4万吨） To 2010 • Total MSW Amount: 250 million tons – Cities : 180 million t/a (daily average : 493,000 tons) – Counties: 70 million t/a (daily average : 194,000 tons)
填埋 86%

处理厂分布图 Number of Facilities
处理能力分布图 Treatment Capacity of Facilities
处理量分布图 Quantity Treated
中国·城市建设研究院
China Urban Construction Design & Research Institute
’2005 Data on MSW Landfill in China 中国的垃圾无害化处理率: 35～40％ The harmless treatment rate of MSW : 35~40%
焚烧 14% 堆肥 10%
堆肥 5% 焚烧 13%
焚烧 堆肥 10% 4%
填埋 76%
填埋 82%
China Urban Construction Design & Research Institute
•
8
CUCD
Construction and Running of MSW Incineration Plants in China
我国垃圾焚烧发展的政策环境 技术政策
• • • • • • • •
中国·城市建设研究院
China Urban Construction Design & Research Institute
9
CUCD
Construction and Running of MSW Incineration Plants in China
我国垃圾焚烧发展的政策环境 技术政策
•
Environmental Policy 环境政策
产业化政策
能源政策
2002年，国家计委、财政部、建设部、环保总局: – 《关于实行城市生活垃圾处理收费制度促进垃圾处理产业化的通知》 – 《关于推进城市污水、垃圾处理产业化发展的意见》 2002，National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC), Ministry of Finance (MOF) , Ministry of Construction (MOC) and State Environmental Protection Administration (SEPA) : – Notice: Establish the MSW –Fee Levying system and Promote the Industrial Production of MSW Management》 – Notice: Establish the MSW –Fee Levying system , Promote the Industrial Production of MSW Management 》 – Opinion about promoting the Industrial Production of municipal waste water and solid waste management》 中国·城市建设研究院
产业化政策
能源政策
《城市生活垃圾处理及污染防治技术政策》建城[2000]120号 – 垃圾应在焚烧炉内充分燃烧，烟气在后燃室应在不低于850℃的条件下停留不少于2秒 – 垃圾焚烧目前宜采用以炉排炉为基础的成熟技术，审慎采用其它炉型的焚烧炉 – 烟气处理宜采用半干法加布袋除尘工艺 – 属于危险废物的炉渣和飞灰必须作为危险废物处置 《The Technical Policy on MSW Management and Pollution Prevention 》 2000 – Waste should be combusted in the incinerator completely, and the flue gas should stay in the afterburner at least 2 seconds with the temperature not lower than 850℃. – At present, grate is suggested to be the foundational mature technology in MSW incineration, other kinds of incineration process should be adopted prudently. – Semi-dry process with bag-house is the suggested flue gas cleaning system. – Fly ash and residue should be treated as hazardous waste. 中国·城市建设研究院
中国·城市建设研究院
China Urban Construction Design & Research Institute
China Urban Construction Design & Research Institute
1
CUCD
Construction and Running of MSW Incineration Plants in China
中国垃圾处理设施数量变化图
Change of MSW Treatment Facilities Number in China
2
CUCD
Construction and Running of MSW Incineration Plants in China
Change of MSW Treatment Facilities Capacity in China
Ton/day 300000
250000 200000 150000 100000 50000 0 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05
2005-02《 Renewable Energy Act 》 2006-01《Trial Guidelines on renewable Power Generation Price and expense 》 2006-01《 Management Guideline of Renewable Energy Electricity Generation 》 2006-09《 Method to Recognize National Encouraged Resource Comprehensive Using》
1000 900 800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0
81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05
中国·城市建设研究院
China Urban Construction Design & Research Institute
产业化政策
能源政策
2006年6月《关于加强生物质发电项目环境影响评价管理工作的通知 》环发〔2006〕82号 – 生活垃圾焚烧发电项目环境影响报告书应报国务院环境保护行政主管部门审批 – 生活垃圾焚烧发电类项目环境影响评价文件审查的技术要点
•
2006-06 Notice on Enhancing Environment Impact Assessment of Biomass-toEnergy Projects – EIA of MSW-to-Energy projects should be approved by Environmental Department of Stated Council. – Some key points to approve EIA are given.
China Urban Construction Design & Research Institute
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7
CUCD
Construction and Running of MSW Incineration Plants in China
我国垃圾焚烧发展的政策环境 技术政策
•
Industrialization Policy 环境政策
Energy Policy 环境政策
产业化政策
能源政策
2005年2月《中华人民共和国可再生能源法》 2006年1月《可再生能源发电价格和费用分摊管理试行办法》发改价格[2006]7号 2006年1月《可再生能源发电有关管理规定》发改能源[2006]13号 2006年9月《国家鼓励的资源综合利用认定管理办法》发改环资[2006]1864