Definition Trade terms, also called price terms or price conditions, are abbreviations of letters or words specifying specific certain liabilities, costs and risks between the seller and buyer.

The Seller’s Obligations 卖方义务
c. Cover the insurance and pay insurance
premium as the contract stipulates. d. Clear export customs and bear all relating risks and expenses; get export license or other official permission documents. e. Provide relating shipping documents, commercial invoices or equivalent eclectic information or e-documents.

The Buyer’s Obligations 买方义务
a. Book space and pay the freight and notify the seller sailing date and name of sailing vessel b. Bear all costs and risks after the goods are loaded on board the ship c. Accept related documents provided by the seller and pay duly according to the contract
适用于海运及内河水运的术语
FAS、FOB、CFR and CIF
Among the 11 trade terms, FOB, CFR and CIF are the most commonly used terms. Nowadays, they are used as trade terms for symbolic delivery. Symbolic delivery creates a new epoch of international trade. FOB, CFR and CIF are classified into one group as they are alike in characters .

Some points for attention about FOB
要注意的几个问题
The cancellation of the concept “cross the rail”
“船舷为界”概念的取消 Shipping charges 关于FOB的装船费用

Definition 概念 The seller is responsible for booking space and delivering the goods on board the vessel sailing for the destination in due time according to the contract and covering the risks and expenses during carriage. The risks of loss or damage to the goods passes when the goods are on board the vessel.


Similar characters 共同规律
Used for port-to-port waterway transportation Place of delivery--on board a ship in the export
country Risks on seller until the goods are on board the vessel in the export country Documents is the core of selling and buying Risks transferred to buyer once the seller delivers the goods on board the vessel. Shipment contracts, the seller assure punctual shipment but and disregard arriving time.
Definition 概念 universally recognized customary ways of doing business and explanation evolving in the long process of trade development and has been compiled by relative international organizations into rules and regulations which are acquainted, recognized and adopted by many trading organizations in most countries.

INCOTERMS® 2010 presents 11 rules in two distinct classes:
Rules for any mode or modes of transportation
适用于任何运输方式或多种运输方式的术语
EXW、FCA、CPT、CIP、DAT、DAP and DDP Rules for sea and inland waterway transportation
也称为价格术语、价格条件，它是指用短语或英文缩写来说明商品的 价格构成及买卖双方在货物的交接过程中有关的风险、责任和费用划 分问题的专门用语。
Function simplify dealing procedures improving efficiency

International trade customs 国际贸易惯例
contracts from designated port of shipment to destination; load the goods on board the ship in contracted time and port and pay the freight; notify the buyer after shipment promptly. b. Bear all expenses and risks before the goods are on board the vessel at port of shipment.

Obligations 买卖双方义务
The Seller’s Obligations The Buyer’s Obligations Some points for attention about FOB

The Seller’s Obligations 卖方义务
a. Ship the goods on board the ship at port of shipment within due time and notify the buyer promptly b. All costs and risks before the goods are loaded on board the ship c. Clear export customs and provide related documents and certificates d. Provide related shipping documents or EDI electronic information

Obligations 买卖双方义务
The Seller’s Obligations The Buyer’s Obligations Some points for attention about FOB

The Seller’s Obligations 卖方义务
a.Book shipping space and sign shipment
国际贸易实务双语教程 （第二版）
傅龙海 丛晓明 邵李津 主编 全国高等院校“十二五”规划教材 省级精品教材
国际贸易实务双语教程 （第二版） 教学课件
傅龙海 丛晓明 邵李津 主编

Definitions and functions of international trade terms 概念与作用

International trade customs 国际贸易惯例
Three main international rules 三个主要惯例 “WARSAW-OXFORD RULES 1932” 《1932年华沙——牛津规则》 Revised American foreign trade definition 1941 《1941年美国对外贸易定义修订本》 INCOTERMS® 2010 2010年国际贸易术语解释通则》

Feature 特点
most widely used international practices most influential international practices most important international practices published by ICC all trade terms in this textbook are subject to