滑行引导标记牌中国民用航空局机场司马志刚caacma@2008年10月滑行引导标记牌滑行引导标记牌•传达飞机或车辆必须停住等待塔台放行的信息；•传达禁止进入某一地区的信息；•帮助驾驶员识别其所在位置；•帮助驾驶员识别滑行道交叉或分支点前方滑行道的代号；•向驾驶员指明前往目的地的方向；•帮助驾驶员判断其飞机是否已脱离跑道。

滑行引导标记牌包括指令性标记牌左侧的标记牌设在Mandatory Instruction SignsFigure 5-30 ICAO 5.4.2.2 –Mandatory instruction signs shall include runway designation signs, category I, II or III holding position signs,runway-holding position signs, road-holding position signs and NO ENTRY signs.Mandatory Instruction SignsB115R -33L15R -33L33L CAT IIIB2{Runway designation sign on a taxiway Runway designation sign on a runway Category III holding position signRunway-holding position sign on a taxiway NO ENTRY signICAO 5.4.2.12 –A mandatory instruction sign shall consist of an inscription in white on a red background.Comparison of Runway Holding Position SignsB115R -33L15R -33L33L CAT IIIB2Runway designation signon a taxiwayRunway designation signon a runwayILS holding position signs Runway-holding position sign ILS CAT II/III 14 -APCH ICAOFAA B115R -33L Holding position sign on a taxiway 15R -33L Holding position sign on a runway Category III holding position signApproach holding position sign强制标记牌Mandatory instruction signs指令性标记牌(Mandatory instruction Signs)信息标记牌(Information Signs)信息标记牌主要包括：•位置标记牌(Position sign)•方向标记牌(Direction sign)•目的地标记牌(destination sign)•跑道入口标记牌(Runway threshold sign)•脱离跑道标记牌(Runway turn-off sign)•飞机机位号码标记牌(Aircraft stand number sign)•VOR校准点标记牌(VOR check-point sign)信息标记牌(Information Signs)•位置标记牌一般为黑底黄字，•其他信息标记牌一般均为黄底黑字。

信息标记牌(Information Signs)•VOR校准点标记牌上的文字包括：VOR、VOR工作频率、VOR校准点的话）的距离。

Example of Problems –Pilot Visual Aids Å2550 m •33LThis intersection takeoff sign is not located in accordance with ICAO Annex 14 standards and is missing the required arrow.(ICAO Annex 14, 5.4.3.20)Example of Problems –Pilot Visual AidsWhat is the problem with this sign?Example of Problems –Pilot Visual AidsHere is the sign location on the Sign Plan. This sign is a runway designation sign.Example of Problems –Pilot Visual AidsThis runway designation sign is yellow rather than red and could be confused as a destination sign, possibly resulting in a runway incursion.Example of Problems –Pilot Visual AidsThis runway edgelight should beyellow These runway edge lights are not in accordance with standards. Yellow lights are required on the last 600 m (2000’) of the runway.(ICAO Annex 14, 5.3.9.7b) (AC 150/5340-30A, Par 2.1.2a(1)(b))Example of Problems –Runway Holding PositionsThis runway holding position marking is not clearly visible.Example of Problems –Runway Holding PositionsThe runway holding position marking is not adjacent to the holding position sign. This is more likely to be a problem on rapid exit taxiways.Example of Problems –Runway Holding PositionsThis runway designation sign at a runway/runway intersection is not clearly visible.Example of Problems –Runway Holding Positions This runway designation sign at a runway/runway intersection is not being maintained visible.Example of Problems –Runway Holding Positions This runway designation sign is also not being maintained visible.Airport Personnel Training and Qualifications Numerous signs obscured by weeds at this airport indicate that personnel responsible for maintaining and inspecting the airport are not properly trained.Wildlife Hazard Management ProgramBird harassment activities should not be conducted when aircraft are present. If this bird is chased away, it could fly into the path of the aircraft and be ingested into an engine.The runway strip in this situation is not being properly maintained to prevent water accumulation. (Part 139.309(b)(2) and ICAO Annex 14,3.4.14) As a result, it is a wildlife attractant.Example of Problems –Wildlife Hazard ManagementProgram33L CAT III 33L CAT IIIA133L A133L Pattern “A”runwayholding positionmarking.Example of a runway-holding position and CAT III critical area holdingposition at the takeoff end.Example of an ILS critical area for a LocalizerRegular runway-holdingposition.The typical localizer critical area extends 60 m from the runway centre line and is normally protected by the runway-holding position. An ILS holding position is usually not necessary for a localizer critical area.Example of an ILS critical area for a Glide SlopeILS Glide SlopeWhen a glide slope is located between the runway and parallel taxiway, an ILS critical area holding position is normally needed.ILS hold position markings also must be double sized.ILS HoldRegular HoldExample of an ILS critical area for a Glide SlopeGlide SlopeSignal The glide slope is normally located on the opposite side of the runway from the parallel taxiway. However, if there is a parallel taxiway on both sides of the runway, the glide slope must be located between the runway and parallel taxiway.Example of an ILS critical area for a Glide SlopeWhere a taxiway curves out around the Glide Slope, the ILS hold may be located just prior to the taxiway corner for better visibility to approaching GlideSlope ILS HoldRegularHoldILS Critical Area BoundaryFAA Standard –ILS Holding Position SignsFAA ILS critical area signs state “ILS”for critical areas.FAA Standard –ILS Holding Position SignsNew FAA standards are currently being implemented for installation of CAT II/III signs where necessary to maintain adequate aircraft separation.道面标志的一般要求—颜色•跑道标志必须为白色•滑行道标志和飞机机位标志必须为黄色。