Broyden方法求解非线性方程组的Matlab实现注：matlab代码来自网络，仅供学习参考。

1.把以下代码复制在一个.m文件上function [sol, it_hist, ierr] = brsola(x,f,tol, parms)% Broyden's Method solver, globally convergent% solver for f(x) = 0, Armijo rule, one vector storage%% This code es with no guarantee or warranty of any kind.%% function [sol, it_hist, ierr] = brsola(x,f,tol,parms)%% inputs:% initial iterate = x% function = f% tol = [atol, rtol] relative/absolute% error tolerances for the nonlinear iteration% parms = [maxit, maxdim]% maxit = maxmium number of nonlinear iterations% default = 40% maxdim = maximum number of Broyden iterations% before restart, so maxdim-1 vectors are% stored% default = 40%% output:% sol = solution% it_hist(maxit,3) = scaled l2 norms of nonlinear residuals % for the iteration, number function evaluations,% and number of steplength reductions% ierr = 0 upon successful termination% ierr = 1 if after maxit iterations% the termination criterion is not satsified.% ierr = 2 failure in the line search. The iteration% is terminated if too many steplength reductions% are taken.%%% internal parameter:% debug = turns on/off iteration statistics display as% the iteration progresses%% alpha = 1.d-4, parameter to measure sufficient decrease %% maxarm = 10, maximum number of steplength reductions before % failure is reported%% set the debug parameter, 1 turns display on, otherwise off%debug=1;%% initialize it_hist, ierr, and set the iteration parameters%ierr = 0; maxit=40; maxdim=39;it_histx=zeros(maxit,3);maxarm=10;%if nargin == 4maxit=parms(1); maxdim=parms(2)-1;endrtol=tol(2); atol=tol(1); n = length(x); fnrm=1; itc=0; nbroy=0; %% evaluate f at the initial iterate% pute the stop tolerance%f0=feval(f,x);fc=f0;fnrm=norm(f0)/sqrt(n);it_hist(itc+1)=fnrm;it_histx(itc+1,1)=fnrm; it_histx(itc+1,2)=0;it_histx(itc+1,3)=0;fnrmo=1;stop_tol=atol + rtol*fnrm;outstat(itc+1, :) = [itc fnrm 0 0];%% terminate on entry?%if fnrm < stop_tolsol=x;returnend%% initialize the iteration history storage matrices%stp=zeros(n,maxdim);stp_nrm=zeros(maxdim,1);lam_rec=ones(maxdim,1);%% Set the initial step to -F, pute the step norm%lambda=1;stp(:,1) = -fc;stp_nrm(1)=stp(:,1)'*stp(:,1);%% main iteration loop%while(itc < maxit)%nbroy=nbroy+1;%% keep track of successive residual norms and% the iteration counter (itc)%fnrmo=fnrm; itc=itc+1;%% pute the new point, test for termination before% adding to iteration history%xold=x; lambda=1; iarm=0; lrat=.5; alpha=1.d-4;x = x + stp(:,nbroy);fc=feval(f,x);fnrm=norm(fc)/sqrt(n);ff0=fnrmo*fnrmo; ffc=fnrm*fnrm; lamc=lambda;%%% Line search, we assume that the Broyden direction is an% ineact Newton direction. If the line search fails to% find sufficient decrease after maxarm steplength reductions % brsola returns with failure.%% Three-point parabolic line search%while fnrm >= (1 - lambda*alpha)*fnrmo && iarm < maxarm% lambda=lambda*lrat;if iarm==0lambda=lambda*lrat;elselambda=parab3p(lamc, lamm, ff0, ffc, ffm);endlamm=lamc; ffm=ffc; lamc=lambda;x = xold + lambda*stp(:,nbroy);fc=feval(f,x);fnrm=norm(fc)/sqrt(n);ffc=fnrm*fnrm;iarm=iarm+1;end%% set error flag and return on failure of the line search%if iarm == maxarmdisp('Line search failure in brsola ')ierr=2;it_hist=it_histx(1:itc+1,:);sol=xold;return;end%% How many function evaluations did this iteration require?%it_histx(itc+1,1)=fnrm;it_histx(itc+1,2)=it_histx(itc,2)+iarm+1;if(itc == 1) it_histx(itc+1,2) = it_histx(itc+1,2)+1; end;it_histx(itc+1,3)=iarm;%% terminate?%if fnrm < stop_tolsol=x;rat=fnrm/fnrmo;outstat(itc+1, :) = [itc fnrm iarm rat];it_hist=it_histx(1:itc+1,:);% it_hist(itc+1)=fnrm;if debug==1disp(outstat(itc+1,:))endreturnend%%% modify the step and step norm if needed to reflect the line % search%lam_rec(nbroy)=lambda;if lambda ~= 1stp(:,nbroy)=lambda*stp(:,nbroy);stp_nrm(nbroy)=lambda*lambda*stp_nrm(nbroy);end%%% it_hist(itc+1)=fnrm;rat=fnrm/fnrmo;outstat(itc+1, :) = [itc fnrm iarm rat];if debug==1disp(outstat(itc+1,:))end%%% if there's room, pute the next search direction and step norm and% add to the iteration history%if nbroy < maxdim+1z=-fc;if nbroy > 1for kbr = 1:nbroy-1ztmp=stp(:,kbr+1)/lam_rec(kbr+1);ztmp=ztmp+(1 - 1/lam_rec(kbr))*stp(:,kbr);ztmp=ztmp*lam_rec(kbr);z=z+ztmp*((stp(:,kbr)'*z)/stp_nrm(kbr));endend%% store the new search direction and its norm%a2=-lam_rec(nbroy)/stp_nrm(nbroy);a1=1 - lam_rec(nbroy);zz=stp(:,nbroy)'*z;a3=a1*zz/stp_nrm(nbroy);a4=1+a2*zz;stp(:,nbroy+1)=(z-a3*stp(:,nbroy))/a4;stp_nrm(nbroy+1)=stp(:,nbroy+1)'*stp(:,nbroy+1);%%%else%% out of room, time to restart%stp(:,1)=-fc;stp_nrm(1)=stp(:,1)'*stp(:,1);nbroy=0;%%%end%% end whileend%% We're not supposed to be here, we've taken the maximum% number of iterations and not terminated.%sol=x;it_hist=it_histx(1:itc+1,:);ierr=1;if debug==1disp(' outstat')endfunction lambdap = parab3p(lambdac, lambdam, ff0, ffc, ffm)% Apply three-point safeguarded parabolic model for a line search. %% This code es with no guarantee or warranty of any kind.%% function lambdap = parab3p(lambdac, lambdam, ff0, ffc, ffm)%% input:% lambdac = current steplength% lambdam = previous steplength% ff0 = value of \| F(x_c) \|^2% ffc = value of \| F(x_c + \lambdac d) \|^2% ffm = value of \| F(x_c + \lambdam d) \|^2%% output:% lambdap = new value of lambda given parabolic model%% internal parameters:% sigma0 = .1, sigma1=.5, safeguarding bounds for the linesearch%%% set internal parameters%sigma0=.1; sigma1=.5;%% pute coefficients of interpolation polynomial%% p(lambda) = ff0 + (c1 lambda + c2 lambda^2)/d1%% d1 = (lambdac - lambdam)*lambdac*lambdam < 0% so if c2 > 0 we have negative curvature and default to% lambdap = sigam1 * lambda%c2 = lambdam*(ffc-ff0)-lambdac*(ffm-ff0);if c2 >= 0lambdap = sigma1*lambdac; returnendc1=lambdac*lambdac*(ffm-ff0)-lambdam*lambdam*(ffc-ff0);lambdap=-c1*.5/c2;if (lambdap < sigma0*lambdac) lambdap=sigma0*lambdac; endif (lambdap > sigma1*lambdac) lambdap=sigma1*lambdac; end2.应用举例把以下代码复制在mand 窗口中x=[1 2 3]’;f=@(x)[3*x(1)-cos(x(2)*x(3))-1/2;x(1)^2-81*(x(2)+0.1)^2+sin(x(3))+1.06;exp(-x(1)*x(2))+20*x(3)+(10*pi-3)/3;];tol=[3,-5];[sol, it_hist, ierr] = brsola(x,f,tol)说明：以上应用举例只是给出了上文中代码的一个应用实例，具体能否得到方程的满意数值解还需要进一步调节初始给的x和tol的值。