1.1.Which of the following statements about language is not true?A .Language is a systemnguage is symbolieC . Animals also have languages .DLanguageis arbitrary2.Which of the following choices is NOT a constituent?A.I like the songB.IC.SongD.Like3.Of the following sound conbinations ,only is permissible.A.kiblB.bkilC.ilkbD.ilbk4.The relation between the deter minmer”this” and the noun “man”in the phrase “this man”isermentB.concordC.bindingD.paradigmatic5.The sentence that has a NP and a VP is nostly shown in a formula “SNP+VP”A.A.HierarchicalB.linearC.tree diagramD.vertical6.”Big” and “small”are a pair of opposites.plementaryB. gradablepleteD.converse7.Which of the following phrases is exocentric?A.women and menB.on the tableC.a clever boyD.an ugly man8.Arbitrariness of language was first discussed by .A.ChomskyB.HallidyC.FirthD.Saussure9.Which pair of words is NOT a minimal pair?A.cat/batB.put/butC.jig/pigD.sit/bit10.Which function is the major role of Language?rmativeB. InterpersonalC.PerformativeD.Emotive11.If two sounds are in complementary distribution, they are of the same phoneme.A.symbolsB. allophonesC. phonesD.signs12. Which branch of study cannot be included in the scope of Linguistics?A. SyntaxB. PragmaticsC. PhoneticsD. Anthropology13. Atom is a word of origin.A. LatinB. GreekC. ArabicD. Spanish14. The distinction of langue and parole is made by .A. HallB. SapirC. ChomskyD. Saussure15. are bound morphemes because they cannot be used as separate words.A. RootsB. StemsC. AffixesD. Compounds16. is the study of the relationship between symbols and their interpreter.A. SyntaxB. SemanticsC. AffixesD. Compounds17. is the defining properties of units like nouns (number, gender, case, etc) and verbs (tense, aspect, voice, etc).A. Parts of speechB. Word classesC. CategoriesD. Functions of words18. The noun “tear” and the verb “tear” are .A. homophonesB. homographsC. complete homonymsD. allophones19. The function of language is one of the most powerful uses of language because it is so crucial in changing the emotional status of an audience for or against someone or something.A. performativeB. phaticC. recreationalD. emotive20. The term may be defined as a way of referring to the approach which studies language changes over various periods of time and at various historical stages.A. synchronic linguisticsB. comparative linguisticsC. diachronic linguisticsD. historical comparative linguistics21. examines how meaning is encoded in a language.A. SemanticsB. SyntaxC. PragmaticsD. Morphology22. Saussure distinguishes the linguistic competence of the speaker as .A. paroleB. languageC. systemD. langue23. This fundamental distinction between competence is discussed by .A. ChomskyB. SaussureC. BloomfieldD. Austin24. An affix can be added to certain type of to form a new word.A. infixB. affixC. stemD. word25. In a sentence, which of the following is usually NOT stressed?A. Nouns.B. Verbs.C. Prepositions.D. Adj.26. The maxim of requires that a partic ipant’s contribution be relevant to the conversation.A. quantityB. qualityC. mannerD. relation27. The relationship between “meat” and “meet” is.A. synonymyB. antonymyC. polysemyD. homonymy28. That there is no direct link between language and the real world is the view ofconcerning the study of meaning.A. namingB. conceptualistC. contextualistD. behaviorist29. What are the dual structures of language?A. Sounds and letters.B. Sounds and meaning.C. Letters and meaning.D. Sounds and symbols.30.30.Where are the vocal cords ?A.Sounds and letters.B.Sounds and meaning .C. Letters and meaning .D.Sounds and symbols.31.31.Which of the following statements about language is NOT true ?nguage is a means of means of verbal communication.nguage is some arbitrary symbols .C.The language system is unique to human begins.nguage is yet to be understand.32.32. studies the sound systems in a certain language.A.PhoneticsB.PhonologyC.SemanticsD.Syntax33.33. is the smallest unit of language in terms of relationship between expression andcontent.A. RootB. AllomorphC. MorphemeD. Word34.34.A speaker's actual utterance in Chomsky 's is called .A. deep structureB. linguistic universalsC. universal grammar C. surface structure35.35.A word with several meanings is called word .A. a polysemousB. a synonymousC. an abnormalD. a multiple36.36.The study of how sounds are put together and used to convey meaning in communication is.A. general linguisticsB.PhonologyC. semanticsD.morphology37.37.Leech divided meanings into types .A. 4B. 5C. 6D. 738.38.English has managed to widen her vocabulary by borrowing words from other languagesexcept .A.FrenchB. KoreantinD. Greek39.39.Distinctive features are used to describe .A. phonesB. phonologyC. AllophonesD. phonemes40.40.The English word "untouchable" is composed ofmorphemes .A.fourB. threeC. twoD.five41.41.The process by which words are formed by putting the initial letters of several wordstogether is called .poundingB.clippingC.acronymD.blending42. “The Adam's Apple”is.A. a kind of appleB. related to AdamC. the front part of larynxD.on the top of larynx43. The founder of modern linguistics is .A. ChomskyB. HallidayC. BloomfieldD.Saussure44.44.Modern linguistics focuses on the present day language , and it will be possibleto describe languages from a perspective .A. sociologicalB.synchronicC. diachronicD. Psychological45. The four major modes of semantic change are .A. extension , narrowing , meaning shift and class shiftB. extension , generalization , elevation and degradationC. extension , narrowing , specialization and degradationD. extension , elevation , amelioration and degradation46. In the production of consonants at least articulators{发音器官}are involved.A. oneB. twoC. threeD.psychological47. The basic unit in the study of morphology is .A. the internal structureB. morphemeC. the rules by which words are formedD. word48. The relation between "food" and "bread" is called .A. SynonymyB. polysemyC. homonymyD. Hyponymy49. V oiceless sounds are produced when the vocal folds are .A. closedB.apartC. totally closedpletely open50.50.Which of the following is NOT a compound word ?A.Pencil boxB.UnreasonableC. DeadlineD.Upstairs51. involve more than one manners of articulation .A.StopsB.FricativesC. Affricatesterals52.52.Which is NOT true for the vowel [i] ?A. HighB. UnroundedC. MidD. Front53. The sentence "I apologize !" belongs to the category ofaccording to thespeech act theory.A.expresstiveB. performativeC. representativeD. Constative54.General linguistics is the scientific study of .A. language of a certain individualB.the English LanguageC.human Language in generalD.the system of a particular language55. The distinction between vowels and consonants lies in.A.the place of articulationB.the obstruction ofairstreamsC.the position of the tongueD. The shape of the lips56. studies how speech sounds are made , transmitted and received .A. PhoneticsB.PhonologyC.PhonemeD.Phonics57. sounds are produced with the back of the tongue and the soft palate.A.VelarB.PalatalC.GottalD.Alveolar58. is concerned with the study of the actual use of language in communication.A .Sociolinguistics B.Semantics C.PragmaticsD.Synchronic linguistics59.59.Where is the primary stress of the word "phonology" ?A.phoB. noC.loD.gy60. refers to the utterance of a sentence with determinate sense and reference.A.Locutinary actB.Illocutinary actC.Perlocutionary actD.Speech act61.61.Which of the following words is built by abbreviation ?62.62.Which of the following words is built by abbreviation ?A.SmogB.FridgeC.MotelD.Edit63.63.What is the full from of LAD?nguage associative districtnguage acquisition districtnguage associative devicenguage acquisition device63.The semantic components of the word "man" can be expressed as.A.+animate , +human , +male , adultB.+animate , +human , +male ,+ adultC.+animate , +human , -male ,- adultD.+animate , +human , -male ,+ adult64.A{n} is the smallest unit of sound in a language , which can distinguish two words .A.morphemeB. soundC.phonemeD. allophone65.Productivity is one of the features of languages .A.distinctiveB.designC.SuprasegmentalD.pragmatic66.66.What is the common feature of the three sounds :[b],[p],[m] ?A.,V oicelessB.V oicedC.NasalD.Bilabial67.67.Which of the following items is NOT one of grammatical categories of English pronouns ?A.GenderB.NumberC.CaseD.V oice68.68.In the word "internationalism",which part is the root ?A.interB.nationC. alD.ism69."voiced fricatives voiceless/voiceless '' is a .A.phonological ruleB.syntactic ruleC.phrase structure ruleD.functional rule70.70.The word "pen" originally meant "feather used for writing with ink". Now it refers to anydevise used for writing with ink.This is an example of .A.degradation of meaningB.broadening of meaningC.narrowing of meaningD.elevation of meaning71.The word “smog” is formed through ______.A. backformationB. blendingC. clippingD. derivation72. In general, language acquisition refers to children’s development of their _____language.A. firstB. secondC. dialectalD. individualized73. Which of the following statements are NOT true for vowels?A. V owels are sonorants .B. In the production of vowels, there is no obstruction of air.C. Tongue height is one criterion to distinguish vowels.D. V owels are also called obstruent74. All syllables must have a ____.A. codaB. onsetC. nucleusD. consonant75. Ikaps is not a possible word form in English due to ____.A. sonority scaleB. phonological ruleC. syntactic ruleD. morphological rule76. Which of the following is the major cause of invention of new lexical items?A. The rapid development of science and technologyB. The way of language teaching.C. The way of children’s language acquisition.D. Economic activities79. In Chomsky’s TG Grammar, which theory focuses discussion on government and binding?A. The classical TheoryB. The Standard TheoryC. The Extended Standard TheoryD. The Revised Extended Standard Theory80. When the suffix _____is added to a verb, it changes this verb into an adjective.A. lessB. nessC. fullyD. er81 .The function o f sentence “lovely weather isn’t it?” is______.A. informativeB. phaticC. performativeD. recreational82.Once the notion of _____was taken into consideration , semantics spilled into pragmatics.A. meaningB. contextC. formD. content83.Which of the following criteria can NOT be used to classify vowels?A The part of the tongue that is held highestB The opnness of the mouthC The vibration of the vocal cordsD The shape of the lips84. there are _____maxims under the cooperative principle.A 2B 3C 4D 585. Chomsky argues that LAD probably consists of ____elements.A 2B 3C 4D 586. “Buy” and “sell’ form a pair of ______.A converse antonymsB gradable antonymsC. complementary antonymsD. marked antonyms87.If a phoneme is substituted for another in a word and the substitution results in a change of the word meaning, the two phonemes are said to be_____.A minimal pairB minimal setC distinctive phonemesD distinctive features88. _____is a phrase which can only be understood as a unit, not as a summation of the meaning of each constituent word.A .collocationB .idiomC .semantic component D. synonym89.The well-known formula: S→r….s→R was put forward by ____.A. BloomfieldB. FirthC. HackettD. Harris90.______is a pair of complementary antonyms.A .wild and tame B. nimble and lameC .Cold and warm D. Alive and dead91. Firth’s se cond important contribution to linguistics is his method of his method of prosodic analysis , called_____.A. prosodic phonologyB. feature geometryC optimality phonology D. supersegmental phonology92. Which of the following is not a Supersegmental feature?A. SyllableB. StressC.ToneD.V oicelessness93. The s in drums is______A . a morpheme B. a stemC derivational word D. free morpheme94. The word bodyguard is a _______.A .compound word B. complex wordC .derivational wordD .free morpheme95. In English, the gender distinction are______.A. not related to real world entitiesB. on the whole naturalC divided into Feminine, Masculine and neuterD divided into Feminine and Masculine96. Halliday’s Systemic-Functional Grammar takes ____as the object of study.A actual uses of language B. ideal speaker’s linguistic competence C. children’s language D. adult’s language97.Which of the following English sounds is NOT bilabial?A.［b］B. ［m］mC.［p］D.［f］98._____can be used independently without being combined with other morphemes.A. Free morphemesB. Bound morphemesC. AffixesD. Roots99. Which of the following words is a derivational one?A . Blackboard B. Sings C.Astonishment. D. Boys100. John Austin proposed ____in the late 1950s.A .Speech Ace Theory B. 7 types of meaningC. Cooperative PrincipleD. Predication Analysis101 .WTO is ______A. an abbreviationB. an acronymC. a word which is formed by blendingD. a word which is formed by backformation102. For Bloomfield, linguistics is a branch of psychology and specifically of the brand of psychology known as______.A .behaviorism B. structuralism C. competence D performance 103. Which of the following is a voiceless bilabial stop?A .［w］ B. ［m］ C. ［b］ D.［p］104._____is NOT a grammatical category of English verbs.A Tense B. Aspect C. Number D.Gender105. All words contain a ______.A. rootB. bound morphemeC. prefix D .suffix106.of the following word formation processes,_____ is the most productive.A .clippingB .blending C. initialism D. derivation107.______ practiced a special style of synchronic linguistics and its most important contribution to linguistics is that it sees language in term of function.A. the London SchoolB. American structuralismC. the Prague SchoolD. The TG Grammar108._______is not included in leech’s associative meaning .A. Connotative meaningB. Social meaningC . Collocative meaning D. Thematic meaning109._______ deals with the relationship between the linguistic element and nonlinguistic world of experience.A. SenseB. ReferenceC. SymbolD. Thought110. Luggage and baggage are _____synonyms.A. dialectalB. stylisticC. semantically differentD. collocational111. The maxim of quality requires: do not say what you believe tobe _______.A. falseB. trueC. indirectD. insufficient 112. Knight originally meant youth,but now it means a medieval gentleman soldier. This is a meaning ______.A . broadening B. narrowing C. meaning shift D. class shift 113. Expressions like “Tom” or “He” can both be filled in the black of the sentence “_____is smiling .” So Tom and He have _____relation.A. syntagmaitcB. paradigmaticC. systematicD. governing 114. Foolish which comes from “foll+ ish” is a ____word.A. derivationalB. syntaxC. morphologyD. phonology 115. The Prague School is best known for its contribution to____. A. phonetics B. syntax C. morphology D. phonology 116. Which of the following is NOT the function of language?A. Metalingual function.B. Interpersonal function.C. Emotive function.D.Cultural transmission.117. ”We can do things with words” is the main idea of _____.A. the speech act theoryB. the cooperative principlesC. the polite principlesD. pragmatics118. Motel is a(n)_____.A. abbreviationB. coinageC. blendingD. acronym 119. _____ is NOT a pair of homophones.A. “Fair” (adj) and “fair” (n)B. “Flea” and “flee”C. “Lead”(v)and“lead” (n)D. “Compliment” and “complement”120. The classic semantic triangle or triangle of significance mainly illustrates the view of _____.A. conceptualismB. contextualismC. behaviorismD. structuralism121. We can refer to Confucius, even though he has been dead for over 2, 500 years. This feature of language is called_____.A. dualityB. creativityC. arbitrarinessD. displacement 122. Which function of language is also called ideational function (达意功能) in the framework of functional grammar?A. Informative function.B. Interpersonal functionC. Emotive functionD. Recreational function123. _____ investigates the interrelation of language and mind.A. PsycholinguisticsB. SociolinguisticsC. Anthropological linguisticsD. Computational linguistics 124. Morphology is concerned with_______.A. the meaning of wordsB. the pronunciation of wordsC. the internal organization of wordsD. the combination of words into sentences125. The sentence “ You schould never use cliché in writing” is______.A. descriptiveB. prescriptiveC. systematicD. narrative 126. If a study focuses on Shakespearean language , it is _____ study.A. diachronicB. synchronicC. systematicD. pragmatic 127. _____ is the study of the physical properties of the sounds produced in speech.A. Auditory phoneticsB. Articulatory phoneticsC. Acoustic phoneticsD. Phonology128./l/ is the only ____ in English.A. fricativeB. affricativesC. nasalD. lateral129.[f, v ] are both labiodentals and _______.A. nasalsB. fricativesC. affricativesD. alveolar130. The idea of establishing a phonetic alphabet was first proposed by the Danish grammarian.A. Otto JespersenB. Daniel JonesC. A.J.EillsD.A.M.Bell 131. The Sound Patterns of English (SPE 1968) mainly deals with ____.A. multi-level phonologyB. non-linear phonologyC. super segment phonologyD. linear approach of phonology132. In Chinese Putonghua , only ____ can occur after the vowel.A. nasalsB. stopsC. lateralD. vowel133. A compound is composed of _____.A. a root and an affixB. a stem and an affixC. a root and a free morphemeD. two free morphemes134. The word hamburger is of _____ origin.A. AmericanB. ItalianC. GermanD. French135. The phrase “the three small Chinese “ is ____construction.A. endocentricB. exocentric C hierarchical D. linear136. The conceptualist view of meaning is based on the presumption that one can derive meaning from ______.A. functionB. contextC. instinctD. observation137. If one word has more than one meaning , then we call it ____.A. polysemyB. synonymyC. homonymyD. hyponymy 138. The words “male “or “female “ are ____antonyms.A. gradableB. complementaryC. converseD. complete139. The words “amaze “ and “astound” are very close in meaning , they are _____synonyms.A. dialectalB. stylisticC. semantically differentD. collocational140. Which pair is the emotive synonym?A. dad and fatherB. flat and apartmentC. mean and frugalD. charge and accuse141. The words “rain “ and “reign “ are______.A. homographsB. complete homonymsC. homophonesD. allophones142. B.L.Whorf was the student of _____.A .Bloomfield B. Firth C. Halliday D. Sapir143. Which of the following functions are NOT the functions put forward by Halliday?A. the Ideational FunctionB. The Interpersonal FunctionC. Generative FunctionD. The Textual Function144. Which of the following is NOT Saussure’s field of study?A. LinguisticsB. SociologyC. PsychologyD. Anthropology145. Grice introduced four categories of maxims, which one means we should be clear in our meaning?A. Quantity MaximB. Manner MaximC. Quality MaximD. Relation Maxim146. The Q-principle is ______.A. hearer-basedB. speaker-basedC. both the hearer and the speaker basedD. context-based147. Sense and reference are two terms often encountered in the study of _____.A . word function B. word meaning C. word formation D. word system148. The notion of Functional Sentence Perspective is used to describe____.A. how information is distributed in sentencesB how sentences ate formedC the function of sentencesD the relation between language and its users149. The first major theory in the study of language in use is called _____.A. illocutionary theoryB.Speech Act theoryC. conversational implicatureD. the Q and R-principle150._____ is the major concern of semantics.A. MeaningB. WordsC. Sentence structures D .Phrase structure rules答案：1.C2.A3.A4.B5.C6.B7.B8.D9.B10.A11.B12.D13.B14.D15.C16.C17 .C18.B19.D20.C21.A22.D23A.24.C25.C26.D27.D28.B29.B30.D31. B32.B33.C34.D35.A36.B37.D38.B39.D40.B41.C42.C43.D44.B45. A46.B47.B48.D49.B50.B51.C52.C53.B54.C55.B56.A57.A58.C59. B60.A61.B62.D63.B64.C65.B66.D67.D68.B69.A70.B71.B72.A73. D74C75.A76.D77.C78.D.79.D80.A81.B82.B83.C84.C85.B86.A87. C88.B89.A90.D91.A92.D93.D94.A95.B96.A97.D98.A99.C100.A10 1.B102.A103.D104.D105.A106.D107.C108.D109.A110.A111.A112. B113.B114.A115.D116.D117.A118.C119.C120.A121.D122.A123.A 124.C125.B126.B127.C128.D129.B130.A131.D132.A133.D134.C135.A136.B137.A138.B139.C140.C141.C142.D143.C144.D145.B14 6.A147.B148.A149.B150A。