1. We shall know a word by the company it keeps.” This statement represents _______.A. the conceptualist view意念论B. contextualism语境主义C. the naming theory命名论D. behaviorism行为主义2. Which of the following is NOT true?A. Sense is concerned with the inherent meaning of the linguistic form.B. Sense is the collection of all the features of the linguistic form.C. Sense is abstract and decontextualized.脱离语境的D. Sense is the aspect of meaning dictionary compilers are not interested in.3. ___________ is a way in which the meaning of a word can be dissected into meaning components called semantic features.A. Predication analysis述谓结构分析B. Componential analysis成分分析C. Phonemic analysis 音位分析D. Grammatical analysis语法分析4.Alive” and“dead” are ___________.A. gradable antonymsB. relational antonymsC. complementary antonyms 互补反义词D. None of the above5. ________ deals with the relationship between the linguistic element and the non-linguistic world of experience.A. ReferenceB. ConceptC. SemanticsD. Sense6. _________ refers to the phenomenon that words having different meanings have the same form.A. Polysemy一词多义B. Synonymy同义词C. Homonymy同音异义D. Hyponymy下义关系7. Words that are close in meaning are called ___________.A. homonyms同音异义词B. polysemies一词多义C. hyponyms下义词D. synonyms同义词8. The grammaticality of a sentence is governed by _______.A. grammatical rulesB. selectional restrictions选择限制，选限结构C. semantic rulesD. semantic features9. The pai r of words “lend” and “borrow” are ___A. gradable oppositesB. relational opposites关系反义词C. co-hyponyms并列下义词D. synonyms同义词10.The semantic components of the word “gentleman” can be expressed as __.A. +animate，+male，+human，-adultB. +animate，+male，+human，+adultC. +animate，-male，+human，-adultD. +animate，-male，+human，+adult11. Cold and hot are called ____ antonyms.A. complementaryB. gradable 可分类的C. reversalD. converse12. “I bought some roses” ____ “I bought some flowers”.A. entailsB. presupposes假定，预料，以…为先决条件C. is inconsistent with与…不一致D. is synonymous with和…同义13. Of the following linguists, ____ should be grouped into Prague School.布拉格学派A. Bloomfield布罗姆菲尔德B. Saussure索绪尔C. Jakobson雅各布森D. Firth弗思14. According to Krashen克拉申（美国语言学家）, ____ refers to the gradual and subconsciousdevelopment of ability in the first language by using it naturally in daily communicativesituations.A. learningB. competenceC. performanceD. acquisition15. As a type of linguistic system in L2 learning, ____ is a product of L2 training, mother tongueinterference, overgeneralization of the target language rules, and learning and communicative strategies of the learner.A. interlanguage中介语B. interferenceC. language transferD. linguistic relativity16. The Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis萨丕尔—沃尔夫假说has two thrusts: ____ and ____.A. Linguistic description, Linguistic determinismB. Linguistic determinism, Linguistic relativity （语言决定论，语言相对论）C. Linguistic relativity, Linguistic descriptionD. Linguistic determinism, Linguistic performance17. A special language variety that mixes or blends languages and used by people who speakdifferent language for restricted purpose is ____.A. pidgin洋泾宾语B. creoleC. dialectD. blends18. ____ is a principle of scientific method, based on the belief that the only things valid enough toconfirm or refute o scientific theory are interpersonally observable phenomena, rather than people’s introspections or intuitions.A. MentalismB. Functional grammarC. Case grammar格文法D. Behaviorism19. ____ is the language that a learner constructs at a given stage of SLA.A. InterlanguageB. IdeologyC. DialectD. Interference20. “There is no direct link between a linguistic form and what it refers to”. This is the ____ view concerning the study of meaning.A. naming theoryB. conceptualist概念论者C. contextualist语境主义者D. behaviorist21. ____ covers the study of language use in relation to context, and in particular the study of linguistic communication.A. SemanticsB. SociolinguisticsC. Pragmatics语用学D. Linguistics22. Modern synchronic linguistics共时语言学traditionally dates from the ____ of Swiss scholar Ferdinand de Saussure.A. Syntactic structureB. Cours de Linguitique GeneralC. De Lingua LatinaD. Language and Mind23.According to the strong version of the ____ hypothesis, language determines speakers’perceptions and patterns their way of life.A. Sapir WhorfB. inputC. GrimD.Innateness24. ____ theorized that acquisition of language is an innate process determined by biological factors which limit the important period for acquisition of a language from roughly two years of age to puberty.青春期A. Input hypothesisB. Interaction hypothesisC. Critical period hypothesis关键期假说D.Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis25. According to Chomsky, the child is born with a built – in set of rules, which have the specific function of enabling her to construct the grammar of her mother tongue. This view is to be seen as ____.A. Input hypothesisB. X-theoryC. Language acquisition device语言习得机制D.Universal grammar26. “Old” and “Young” are a pair of ____ opposites.A. complementaryB. relationalC. converseD. gradable27. Systemic-Functional Grammar系统功能语法, one of the most influential linguistic theories in the 20th century, is put forward by ____.A. ChomskyB. Halliday哈利迪C. FirthD.Malinowski28. From Halliday’s viewpoint, language is a form of realization of ____ rather than a form of realization of______.A. knowing, doingB. thinking, knowingC. doing, thinkingD.doing, knowing29. Negative transfer in learning a second language is known as .A. interferenceB. interlanguageC. fossilizationD. acculturation30. What is the meaning relationship between the two words “furniture/bed”? ____A. polysemyB. hyponymy下义关系C. homonymyD. antonymy31. Which description of componential analysis for the word “woman” is right? ____A. +human,-adult, -maleB. +human, + adult, -maleC. +human, + adult, +maleD. +human, -adult, +male32. The type of language which is selected as appropriate to the type of situation is a ____.A. regional dialectB. registerC. fieldD. repertoire33. In structural grammar, distributional analysis is used to define ____, which are taken as the basic building blocks.A. morphemesB. wordsC. syllableD. phonemes音素，音位34. “Speech Act T heory” was proposed by ____ in 1962.A. SaussureB. ChomskyC. Jane AustinD. John Austin35. The major new development in linguistics in 20th century was ____ grammar.A. speculativeB. traditionalC. structuralD. transformational-generative36. The study of how we do things with utterance is the study of ____, the nature of which is determined by context.A. contextB. pragmaticsC. speech actD. semantics37. In many societies of the world, we find a large number of people who speak more than onelanguage. As a characteristic of societies, ____ inevitably results from the coming into contact of people with different cultures and different languages.A. transferB. bilingualismC. diglossiaD. inter-language38. Pragmatics differs from traditional semantics in that it studies meaning not in isolation, but in ____.A. relationshipB. dependenceC. sentenceD. context39. ---TRUTH.---Do not say what you believe to be false.---Do not say that for which you lack adequate evidence.Those can be defined as the features of ____ of Gricean maxims.A. maxim of quantityB. maxim of quality 质量准则C. maxim of relationD. maxim of manner40. In the sentence “The angry man went furiously through the rooms.” The first division into immediate constitute should be between ____.A. angry and manB. man and wentC. furiously and throughD. The and angry41. ____ refers to the effect of the utterance.A. Illocutionary act 言外形为B. Locutionary act言内行为C. Perlocutionary act言后行为D. Speech act言语行为42. According to the author our brain is divided into two hemispheres. Language functions are mainly located in ____.A. right hemispheresB. front hemispheresC. left hemispheresD.back hemispheres43. “A language pattern which occurs in all known language” is called ____.A. a phonemic representationB. a phonetic representationC. a language universalD. language change44. In the sentence-------“The child found the puppy”, ____ is not a constituent.A. The childB. found the puppyC. found theD. the puppy45. What is the relationship between the two words “flower / rose”? ____A. Homonymy同音异义B. Antonymy反义词C. hyponymy下义关系D. Polysemy一词多义46. The function of the sentence “How are you?” ____A. directiveB. informativeC. performativeD. phatic交际性的，交流感情的47. Homonyms同音异义词____.A. are words that share the same phonetic features and the same semantic featuresB. are words that share the same semantic features but have different sets of phonetic featuresC. are words that share the same phonetic features but have different sets of semantic featuresD. are two words that all but one of semantic features in common48. In the following dialogue, the maxim of ____ is not observed.A. What time is it?B. It’s terribly cold in here.A. qualityB. quantityC. relevanceD. manner49. ____ are linguistic units larger than sentences.A. MovesB. DiscoursesC. TopicsD. Tendencies50. Which of the following two-term sets shows the feature of complementarity? __A. single/marriedB. big/smallC. hot / coldD. old /young51. Usually ____ refers to the use of linguistic research in language teaching, but linguistics is used in other areas, as well.A. applied linguisticsB. theoretical linguisticsC. contextual linguisticsD. general linguistics52. “Love” and “hate” are ____.A. binary antonymsB. complementary pairsC. gradable antonymsD. relational opposites53. ____ refers to sentences not only describe or report information, but also help speakers accomplish things.A. Speech actB. DiscourseC. ContextD. Communication54. The feature that distinguishes “hotdog” and “hot dog” is ____.A. toneB. stressC. intonationD. aspiration55. Of the following linguists, ____ should be grouped into London school.A. FirthB. BloomfieldC. BoasD. Trubetzkoy56. The study of the linguistic meaning of words, phrases, and sentences is called ____.A. semanticsB. pragmaticsC. syntaxD. language change57. In making conversation, the general principle that all participants are expected to observe is called the ____ principle proposed by J. Grice.A. comprehensiveB. generativeC. discourseD. cooperative58. “Autumn” and “fall” are used respectively in Britain and America, but refer to the same thin g. The words are ____ synonyms.A. collocationalB. dialectalC. completeD. stylistic59. ____ is the abstract syntactic representation of a sentence, namely, the underlying level of structural organization which specifies all the factors governing the way the sentence should be interpreted.A. surface structureB. syntactic ambiguityC. syntactic componentD. deep structure60. ____ is a personal dialect of an individual speaker that combines elements regarding regional, social, gender, and age variations.A. DialectB. Idiolect 个人习语C. Ethnic dialectD. Linguistic repertoire BBBCA ADBBB BACDA BADABCBACC DBDAB BBDDD CBDBBCCCCC DCCBA ACABA ADBDB。