(3)识别事实和假设混合句： Your maths instructor would have been happy to give you a make-up examination had you gone and explained that your parents were ill at the time. (句子前半部分为假设情况，而 “父母病了”是事实) I would have gone to visit him in the hospital had it been at all possible, but I was fully occupied the whole of last week.(前半部分为 假设，后半部分是事实)
3.no more …than (=not…any more than)两 者一样都不 A whale is no more a fish than a horse is. 鲸不是鱼，如同马不是鱼一样。 Fat cannot change into muscle any more than muscle changes into fat.(99.44) 脂肪不能变成肌肉，就如同肌肉不能变成脂 肪一样。
2.名词性从句的虚拟形式 名词性从句是指宾语从句、主语从句、表语从句和同 位语从句。从句的谓语动词需用(should+)动词原形表 示虚拟。考生应熟悉： (1)下列动词做谓语时，that宾语从句中的动词用虚拟 形式： desire, advise, recommend, command, direct, order, ask, demand, request, require, insist, maintain, move, propose, prefer, urge, vote。如： In the past men generally preferred that their wives work in the home. I move that he be discharged for his serious mistake.
should do / were to do
1.Would you have been surprised if I had arrived yesterday without letting you know before hand ? (04年) [与过去事实相反]
2.All of us would have enjoyed the party much more if there hadn‟t been quite such a crowd people there.（00年）[与过去事实相反] 3. If your car should need any attention during the first 12 months,take it to an authorized dealer. （98年）
真题举例：
1.It is absolutely essential that William continue his study in spite of some learning difficulties.(07,65)
2.It is imperative that the government attract more investment into the shipbuilding industry.(06.59) 3. The opening ceremony is great occasion. It is essential for us to be prepared for that.
否定形式：not as/so much/many + n +as…
1) He took as much butter as he need. He didn‟t take as/so much butter as he needed. 2) She has written as many essays as her brother (does). She hasn‟t written as many essays as her brother (does1)掌握主从句谓语动词的规范搭配:
主 句 从 句 were (不分人 称)/did had done 与现在事实相反 would/情态动词 过去式+do 与过去事实相反 would/情态动词 过去式+have done 与将来事实相反 would/情态动词 过去式+do
2. more …than…结构
1) 用于在两个人或物之间作同一方面的比较。 The concert was more enjoyable than lecture. 2)用于同一个人或物的本身作不同方面的比较。 The present crisis is much more a political than an economic crisis. 当前的危机与其说是经济危机，不 如说是政治危机。 此用法也可用于less…than…结构，但得出相反的含 义。 The present crisis is much less a political than an economic crisis.当前的危机与其说是政治危机，不 如说是经济危机。
e.g John is as bright as Bob. (否定）John is not as bright as Bob. John is less bright than Bob.
用法：
1.主语不同，比较项目相同。
This parcel is as heavy as that one.
2. 主语相同，比较项目不同。
※补充说明
1 not so…as & not so much …as London isn‟t so big as Tokyo.伦敦没有东京 大。 It wasn‟t so much his appearance I liked as his personality.(与其说我喜欢他的外表， 不如说我喜欢他的为人。） 前一例相当于一般的比较结构，后一例相当 于less…than 的含义。 not so much as是一个专四常考结构。
真题举例：
1.It is not so much the language as the background that makes the book difficult to understand.(99,45)(07.57) 【注：同一个句 子专四考了两次，这说明了反复看往年题的 重要性】 2. That trumpet player was certainly loud. But I wasn‟t bothered by his loudness so much as by his lack of talent.(04,41)
Grammar
一 比较结构 (comparative Construction)
英语中比较结构最主要有三种：
1. as…as… 结构 2. more…than… 结构 3. the most…结构
1.as…as…结构
基本模式：as+adj/adv (原级）+as… 否定形式：1) not as/so+adj/adv (原级）+as… 2)也可用 less…than…
4. the more…the more…与 more and more
the more...the more…表示两个过程中同时递增， 是主从结构。more and more 只表示一个过程 的不断增长。如 …the wilder the range of our life and the more various the contacts we have, the wilder and suppler must be our command over a rang of
2.not more/-er than 与 no more/-er than
John is not better than Tom. (否定前者，肯定 后者) John is no better than Tom.(对前后者都否定）
真题举例：
Over population pose a terrible threat to human race. Yet it is probably not more a threat than environmental destruction.(07.62)
The girl was as brilliant as she was beautiful.
这姑娘既漂亮又聪明。
3.主语和比较项目都不同。 The swimming pool isn‟t twice as wide as that one is long.（倍数+as+adj/adv+as..)
另一种模式：as much/many + n +as…
English styles.
5. “of a +n” 的比较级
“of a +n”相当于一个形容词，表示具有后面 那个名词的性质；若该名词为可数名词，名词 之前要加不定冠词。它的比较级也要用more 来修饰。如
He is more of a doctor. 他更像个医生。 该结构也可以用于同级比较结构中。如 He is as of an athlete as she. 他和她一样具 备运动员的素质。
(2)下列形容词和分词做表语或补语时，that主语从句 中动词用虚拟形式： advisable, desirable, insistent, preferable, urgent, appropriate, compulsory, crucial, essential, imperative, important, necessary, obligatory, possible, probable, proper, vital, advised, arranged, commanded, demanded, desired, ordered, proposed, recommended, requested, required, suggested。如： The board deem it urgent that these files should be printed right away. It is essential that all these figures be checked twice.