Lesson 17 Always young【New words and expressions】生词和短语appear v. 登场，扮演stage n. 舞台bright adj. 鲜艳的stocking n. （女用）长筒袜(棉的, 绒的, 并不是现在的丝袜)sock n. 短袜★appear v. 登场, 扮演①vi. 出现，显露（反义词是disappear）The plane appeared. The plane disappeared.②vi. 当众露面；登场（演出等）The actor appeared. I can’t appear in this dress at the party.appear as 扮演……角色He appeared as a prince.appear on the stage as…(扮演的确切表达) My aunt appeared on the stage as a young girl.③vi. 似乎，看起来好像（与seem 同义），显得(系动词，后面直接加形容词)He appears nervous. 他显得很紧张(看起来)She appears to know you. Now it appears you are wrong.★stage n. 舞台on the stage 在舞台上in the stage 在某一阶段(时期)★bright adj. 鲜艳的bright red 鲜红色；bright yellow 明黄色；bright blue 宝蓝色【Text】My aunt Jennifer is an actress. She must be at least thirty-five years old. In spite of this, she often appears on the stage as a young girl. Jennifer will have to take part in a new play soon. This time, she will be a girl of seventeen. In the play, she must appear in a bright red dress and long black stockings. Last year in another play, she had to wear short socks and a bright, orange-coloured dress. If anyone ever asks her how old she is, she always answers, 'Darling, it must be terrible to be grown up!'参考译文我的姑姑詹妮弗是位演员, 她至少也有35 岁了. 尽管如此, 她却常在舞台上扮演小姑娘. 詹妮弗很快又要参加一个新剧的演出. 这一次, 她将扮演一个17岁的少女. 演出时她必须穿一条鲜红色的裙子和黑色的长筒袜. 去年在演另一个剧时, 她不得不穿短袜和一件鲜艳的橘红色的衣服. 一旦有人问起她有多大年纪, 她总是回答:“亲爱的, 长成大人真可怕啊!”【课文讲解】1、My aunt Jennifer is an actress. 以-ess 结尾的是女性；以-or、-er 结尾的是男性actor男演员actress 女演员waiter 男服务员waitress 女服务员prince王子princess 公主lion 公狮子lioness 母狮子doctor 男医生woman doctor 女医生god 神goddess 女神(God上帝, 注意“G”大写) 2、She must be at least thirty-five years old. 年龄的两种表示方法：①数字+years old，作表语thirty-five years old 三十五岁②数字+-year-old，作定语my four-year-old daughtermust + 动词原形不得不, 必须；(对现在的)推测She must be a model.She is fifteen years old. 她十五岁了She must be fifteen years old. 她很可能十五岁She must be at most fifteen years old. 她最多十五岁at most 最多She must be at least fifteen years old. 她至少十五岁at least至少, 最少If you can’t clean the car, you can at least help me to clean it.3、In spite of this, she often appears on the stage as a young girl.in spite of不管，尽管(“of”为介词, 后面一定会加名词、代词或从句)in spite of this 尽管如此In spite of this, I still like school.（school 前不加“the”表示上学，加“the”只表示学校）In spite of what you have said about her, she is much better than Mary.4、Jennifer will have to take part in a new play soon.◎join参加了某一种团体join sb./sth. join the army 参军join the party 入党join us (口语)加入我们(这个团体)中来◎take part in 参加某一种活动take part in the race 参加比赛take part in a playtake part in the party◎attend 出席attend the meeting 参加会议, 出席会议attend the party 出席宴会attend the class 上课Thank you for your attending. 谢谢大家的出席(到来)Thank you for your listening. 谢谢大家的听讲5、This time, she will be a girl of seventeen. 两种年龄的表达：She is eighteen years old. She is a girl of eighteen.6、In the play, she must appear in a bright red dress and long black stockings.in+颜色、衣服穿着……样的衣服，用介词短语取代动词，避免了一句话中出现两个动词The boy in green.in a bright red dress 鲜红色的连衣裙bright, orange-coloured dress 鲜艳的桔黄色衣服7、If anyone ever asks her how old she is, she always answers, 'Darling, it must be terrible to be grown up!'ever = at any time 任何时候(时间副词)it must be 一定……(表示推测)be grown-up 作为一个成年人grow up (人)成长当有人问你年龄时，你可以这样回答：It is a secret. / It is privacy. I forget it.情态动词must的用法一、表示“必须”“一定要”，用法注意：（1）可用于肯定句、否定句或疑问句；用于否定句时，mustn’t 意为“一定不要”“（可）不能”。
如：You must phone him this evening. 今天晚上你必须给他打电话。
You mustn’t phone him this evening. 今天晚上你可不能给他打电话。
Must I phone him this evening? 我今天晚上必须给他打电话吗？注意，回答must引起的一般疑问句，如果要作否定回答，一般是用needn’t（不能用mustn’t）。
如：A：Must I go there today? 我必须今天去吗？B：Yes, you must. 是的，你必须今天去。
B：No, you needn’t. 不，你不必今天去。
（2）含有must 的陈述句，其反意问句有两种可能：若must表示“必须”，反意问句用mustn’t；若must 表示“有必要”，反意问句用needn’t，但是由于在没有上下文的情况下，很难分清must是表示“必须”还是表示“有必要”，所以有时两者都可用。
如：You must go there at once, needn’t [mustn’t] you? 你必须（有必要）马上去那儿，不是吗？二、表示推测，意为“准是”“一定是”，注意以下用法：（1）对现在情况作推测，后接动词原形；对现在正在进行的情况作推测，后接动词进行式；对一直在进行的情况作推测，后接动词完成进行式；对过去已发生的情况作推测，后接动词完成式。
如：The man must have a lot of money. 这个人一定有不少钱。
He must be writing a letter to his girl friend. 他一定在给他女朋友写信。
Someone must have been smoking here. 一定有人一直在这里抽烟。
I must have read that in some book. 我一定是在某一本书上读过这个的。
比较以下各句：He must be rich. （现在）他一定很有钱。
He must have been rich. （当时）他一定很有钱。
He must know the result. （现在）他一定知道结果。
He must have known the result. （当时）他一定知道结果。
He must be waiting for us. 他一定在等我们。
He must have been waiting for us. 他一定一直在等我们。
must 表示对现在情况的推测后接动词原形时，该动词通常为状态动词（如be, have, know 等），若为动作动词，通常要转换其他说法。