Lesson 67 Volcanoes 火山【Text 】Haroun T azieff, the Polish scientist, has spent his lifetime studying active volcanoes and deep caves in all parts of the world. In 1948, he went to Lake Kivu in the Congo to observe a new volcano which he later named Kituro. Tazieff was able to set up his camp very close to the volcano while it was erupting violently. Though he managed to take a number of brilliant photographs, he could not stay near the volcano for very long. He noticed that a river of liquid rock was coming towards him. It threatened to surround him completely, but T azieff managed to escape just in time. He waited until the volcano became quiet and be was able to return two days later . This time, he managed to climb into the mouth of Kituro so that he could take photographs and measure temperatures. Tazieff has often risked his life in this way. He has been able to tell us more about active volcanoes than any man alive.【课文翻译】波兰科学家哈罗恩·塔捷耶夫花了毕生的精力来研究世界各地的活火山和深洞。
1948年他去了刚果的基伍湖，对一座后来被他命名为基图罗的新火山进行观察。
当火山正在猛烈地喷发时，塔捷耶夫有办法把帐篷搭在离它非常近的地方。
尽管他设法拍了一些十分精彩的照片，但他却不能在火山附近停留太长的时间。
他发现有一股岩浆正向他流过来，眼看就要将他团团围住，但塔捷耶夫还是设法及时逃离了。
他等到火山平静下来，两天以后又返回去。
这次他设法爬进了基图罗火山口，以便能拍摄照片和测试温度。
塔捷耶夫经常冒这样的生命危险。
他能告诉我们的有关活火山的情况比任何在世的人都要多。
New words and expressions 生词和短语【生词讲解】1. volcano n. 火山 (volcanoes)an active volcano 活火山a dormant volcano 休眠火山violently adv. 猛烈地，剧烈地 manage v. 设法 brilliant adj. 精彩的liquid [5likwid] adj. 液态的；n. 液体 escape v. 逃脱 alive adj. 活着的disaster 灾害natural disaster 自然灾害earthquake 地震flood 洪水typhoon 台风hurricane 飓风storm 风暴tornado 龙卷风2.active adj.1）活泼的，活跃的(inactive)an active childhave an active brain 头脑灵活2）积极的，主动的(passive)take an active part in 积极参与3）活动中的，有效的，(军队中)现役的on active service (军队中)服现役的4）主动的(语法)active voice 主动语态(passive voice)actively adv. 主动地，积极地activity n. 活动[c]; 活力[u]outdoor activities 户外活动club activities 社团活动activist n. 积极分子（指参与或支持激烈活动的人，尤指政治方面）3. erupt1. v. （火山）喷发eg. It's many years since the volcano last erupted.2. v. （比喻）突然发生eg. When I saw the size of the bill, I simply erupted.当我看到巨额账单时，我简直火冒三丈eruption n. 火山爆发；（医学）出诊4. violently adv. 剧烈地，猛烈地violent adj.1. 暴力的，（人）暴戾的eg. He was violent when he got drunk.violent criminals 暴力犯罪2. 带有强烈情感的，由强烈情感引起的violent language 激烈的语言in a violent shock 万分震惊eg. He has a violent dislike of school.他极度的厌学3. 厉害的，强烈的violent wind 强风violent earthquakes 强烈地震violent toothache 剧烈的牙疼violently adv. 猛烈地eg. The volcano erupted violently.violence n. 暴力，狂热，强烈的感情with violence 剧烈地5. manage v.1) 管理，经营manage a company 经营一家公司2) 控制，照顾，驾驭manage a horse 驾驭一匹马manage a child 照顾小孩manage one's money 理财3)做成，应付-Can I help you?-No, thank you. I can manage it.eg. I can't borrow the money, so I have to manage without it. 借不到钱，所以我只能应付一下4) 产生，达到，设法做成...manage to do sth 设法成功地做成...eg. He managed to steal the Benz.He managed to get to school in time.management n. 管理，经营manager 经理6. brilliant adj.1. 非常明亮的，光辉夺目的brilliant sunshine 灿烂的阳光a brilliant diamond 耀眼的钻石2. 杰出的，非凡的，精彩的a brilliant scientist 卓越的科学家brilliant achievements 非凡的成就brilliant photographs 精彩的照片7. liquid1) n. 液体eg. The liquid was red.Water, milk and oil are liquids.gas 气体solid 固体2) adj. 液态的，清澈的，透明的liquid food 流食liquid rock 岩浆the liquid sky 清澈的天空liquid eyes 明亮的眼睛8. escape1) v. 逃脱，逃走escape from /out of 从...逃走eg. Two prisoners escaped from the prison. 两个囚犯越狱了escape from the danger 避开危险2) 逃避，脱离escape +n. /doingescape punishment3) 被人遗忘，逃过(人的)注意His name escaped me. 我忘了他的名字The fact escaped my notice.我没有注意到这个事实4) n. 逃走have a narrow escape 九死一生，幸免于难escapee n. 逃脱者，（尤指）越狱者9. alive adj. 活着的（人、物）alive只能做表语，后置定语，宾补，不能做前置定语eg: It is still alive (主系表)all those alive (后置定语) 那些活着的人Let's keep the fish alive. (宾补) --alive 作宾语fish 的补足语alive and kicking (口)精神饱满，活跃living 活着的，主要作定语，也可作表语(指人、物)My first teacher is still living. （表）living things 生物（定）Lei Feng living （后定）the living 活着的人the dead 过世的人live [laiv]adj.（定）放名词前，指物eg. Have you seen a live whale ?你见过活着的鲸鱼吗？lively ['laivli] adj. 活泼的，活跃的，充满生气的（人、物）eg. His class is lively and interesting.他的课生动活泼eg. We all should have a lively mind.我们都该有活跃的头脑很多以a开头的adj，被称为表语形容词。
不能做前置定语：alive 活着的asleep 睡着了的alike 相象的ahead 前面的awake 醒着的alone 独自的【课文讲解】1. Haroun Tazieff, the Polish scientist, has spent his lifetime studying active volcanoesand deep caves in all parts of the world.the Polish scientist是主语Haroun Tazieff的同位语，解释主语是个什么人Polish adj. 波兰的Poland n. 波兰Pole n. 波兰人spend ...(in ) somewhere在某地花费时间、金钱eg. I spent a month in Switzerland last summer.我去年夏天在瑞士待了一个月spend ... on sth 在某事上花费...eg: He spends about a third of his salary on a new car.他收入的三分之一都花在一辆新车上spend some time (in) doing sth.eg: She spends too much time (in) dressing herself.她花了太多的时间打扮自己lifetime n. 毕生精力spend one’s lifetime in…in all parts of the world.世界各地this world 今世that world 黄泉every country of the world 世界各国2.In 1948, he went to Lake Kivu in the Cango to observe a new volcano which he laternamed Kituro.to observe a new volcanoto do 不定式作目的状语，which 引导定语从句修饰volcanoobserve (see, look, watch, read)1）v. 观察，观测，Eg: Observe how I do this.注意看注意看我怎样做(这件事)2）v. 遵守<规则等> ( obey)Eg: observe the traffic regulations遵守交通规则3. Tazieff was able to set up his camp very close to the volcano while it was eruptingviolently.1）set up 竖立，架起；创立，建立Eg: They set up some stones as land marks．他们竖起一些石头当地标。