前进类〔用来论证advantage好的方面〕1Benefit from从…当中获益Many children suffer from this illness will benefit from the new treatment.这个句型刚好与is benefit to…主语和宾语相反2Invest in 对…投资The government should invest a large proportion of its budget in helping the needy, despite the economic recession.近义词：subsidise /sponsor /allocate money to反义词：withdrew /suspend the funding of3Promote the development of 促进…的开展例句:Even though the city invested millions of pounds in museums and art galleries, it had done little to promoting the development of education and medical care.4Boost efficiency / productivity 提高效率生产率The main question about high-tech education is whether it actually boosts the efficiency and the effectiveness of learning.近义词：enhance efficiency / productivity5Play a pivotal role in 在...中起关键作用Vitamins and minerals play a pivotal role in keeping our body healthy; therefore, children and adults alike should eat more vegetables that are rich in carious vitamins and minerals. 近义词：play a crucial/essential role in…6Enrich one’s social/academic/professional e*perience 丰富社会的/学术的/专业的经历Working for a period before going to university can greatly enrich students’social e*perience and make them more capable in university.近义句型e*pend one’s outlook/vision 开阔*人的视野反义句型limit one’s vision7Keep society safe and stable 保持社会的平安和稳定Harmony keeps society and safe and stable while conflict disturbs social order.近义句型：maintain social stability8Have a duty/obligation to do…有责任做…In most European countries, parents have a obligation to ensure that their children receive proper education.近义句型：be obligated to do sth. /be accountable for反义句型：be e*empt from doing sth. 被免除*种责任，比方paying ta*es9Rela* their bodies and ease their minds 让身心放松Children not only need opportunities to acquire knowledge, they need time to rela* their bodies and ease their minds well. 近义句型：afford sb. entertainment and pressure10Be based on…基于…Discipline should be based on a positive, loving parent-child relationship instead on force and punishment.翻译句型：lay the foundation for…/lay the groundwork for…为…打好根底11Generate employment opportunities 创造就业时机International tourism can generate employment opportunities. In the other hand, it may damage the cultural heritage of a nation.近义句型：stimulate the job market反义句型：reduce employment opportunities12Be less time-consuming and more economical 省钱又省时间Contrary to popular belief, advertising makes our shopping e*perience neither less time-consuming nor more economical. 近义句型：be more efficient and cost-effective13Relieve one’s academic/financial/psychological burden 减轻*人的学业/经济/心理负担Part-time job help students to relieve their parents’burdens nevertheless, working on a part-time basis may create psychological burdens for the students themselves.类似用法：relieve poverty/pain/traffic congestion 减轻贫困/痛苦/交通堵塞14Fulfill one’s potential 发挥*人的潜力Employee may feel they cannot fulfill their professional potential when their work is not valued by their employers. 近义句型：achieve one’s potential翻译句型：restrict one’s potential15Remove the barrier for 为〔开展、交流等〕消除障碍Machine translation has remove the barrier for municationbetween people who do not know share same language. 反义句型：be a hindrance to /be a hurdle to /be an impediment to对…造成阻碍16Promote the cultural munication and interaction between …and…促进…和…之间的文化交流与互动A universal language effectively promotes the cultural munication and interactions between nations aredifferent culturally.近义句型：contribute towards the mutual understanding between … and …17Curb the proliferation of 控制〔犯罪、污染、媒体〕的扩散The government should take immediate measure to curb the proliferation of pollution, regardless of the costs it may involve.近义句型：ban/ prohibit/ eliminate sth.18Raise people’s awareness of 提高人们的*种意识The media can raise public awareness of the alarming rise inyouth crime.近义句型：disseminate /diffuse knowledge about…传播*方面的知识19Has a inherent advantage of 在*方面有优势Teaching students in groups has a inherent advantage of enabling schools to use their equipment and facilities more efficiently.近义句型：be superior to…比…更有优势反义句型：be inferior to…不如…的Never manage to reach a parable level(不能相提并论的)倒退类〔用来论证disadvantage负面的方面〕1Live in poverty /misery/frustration/an*iety 生活在贫穷/痛苦/沮丧/焦虑中Living in misery, the citizens in these impoverished countries claim that industrial nations have the obligation to supply financial aid, which can lift them out of poverty.近义句型：lead a … life2Drive up the crime rate 使犯罪率上升The widespread gun scenes and pornography in films may makeyoung viewers more violent. As a consequence, these scenes tend to drive up youngsters’ crime rate.反义句型：lower the crime rate3The petition is increasingly stiff 竞争越来越剧烈The economic petition between countries is increasingly stiff, which has made the governments more protective of their domestic market.近义句型：be increasingly petitive4To avoid… , people should…为了防止…，人们应该…To avoid the e*tinction of these species, we should stop disturbing the ecological balance on our planet.近义句型：people should… so as to prevent…为了防止…人们应该…5Widen the gap between A and B 加大A与B之间的差距At present, the technology available to individuals is actually widening the gap between wealthy between needy rather than narrowing it.反义句型：narrow/bridge the gap between A and B6Stem from… (*种坏现象)起源于…Generally speaking, children’s bad behaviour stems from imitating their parents.近义句型：A can be attributed to B A的产生可以归结到B这个原因上7Pose threat to 对…构成威胁The weapons that a country possesses do not just pose a threat to other countries. They pose a very real threat to their owner as well.近义词组：jeopardise sth.8Stifle creativity/imagination 扼杀创造力/想象力The traditional approach to education in some Asian countries seriously stifles students’ creativity and imagination.反义句型：foster/simulate creativity9Find… monotonous and unmotivating 发现*事物很单调无法给人动力Young students tend to find traditional schooling monotonous and unmotivating.近义句型：find…unattractive nor productive反义句型：find… highly stimulating10Diminish individual leisure time 减少人们的休闲时间The accelerating pace of life seriously diminishes individual leisure time and may even cause mental illnesses.比照：drive away individuals’ loneliness11There is a definite link between A and B 两者之间存在严密关系There is a definite link between the rising rate of obesity and the increasing consumption of fast food.反义句型：there is no correlation between A and B 两者不存在关系12Spin out of control 失去控制The Greek financial crisis is spinning out of control and spilling over to other European countries.反义句型：keep… under tight control13Cause tension and conflicts between…and…在两者之间造成紧和冲突Cultural differences between the tourist and local residentsmay cause tension and conflicts between them.反义句型：ease the tension between… and …14Be overly dependent on 对*事过度依赖Technology has made individual overly dependent on it, which has led to more sedentary lifestyle and less face-to-face munication.反义句型：be independent of…对…不依赖15Have a detrimental influence upon 对…有负面影响Apparently, long-distance flights have detrimental influence upon the environment, even though they are by far the most efficient way of traveling.16The population is booming 人口在激增Whereas the population has been booming in many Asian countries, the birth rate in some European countries remains consistently low.反义句型：curb the population e*plosion17Is markedly inpatible with…与…明显不协调The design of buildings often turns out to be markedly inpatible-with historical surroundings in terms of materials, form and colors.近义词组：be incongruous with反义词组：be consistent with。