Acanthocytosis 棘红细胞增多症acethylcholine, Ach 乙酰胆碱acid phosphatase, AP 酸性磷酸酶acid sphingomyelinase, ASM 酸性鞘磷脂酶acromegaly 肢端肥大症actin 肌动蛋白activation energy 活化能activator 激活剂active center 活性中心activity 活性acute coronary syndrome, ACS 急性冠状动脉综合征acute glomerulonephritis, 急性肾小球肾炎acute myocardial infraction, AMI 急性心肌梗死acute pancreatitis 急性胰腺炎acute phase proteins, APPs 急性时相反应蛋白acute phase reaction, APR 急性时相反应acute renal failure, ARF 急性肾功能衰竭acute stress ulcer 急性应激性溃疡acyl-CoA cholesterol acyltransferase, ACAT 脂酰基CoA胆固醇酰转移酶Addison’s disease 艾迪森病adducin 内收蛋白adiponectin 脂联素adrenocorticotropic hormone, ACTH 促肾上腺皮质激素adult respiratory distress syndrome, ARDS 成人呼吸窘迫综合征advanced glycation end production, AGE 晚期糖基化终末产物aging 老化alanine aminotransferase, ALT 丙氨酸氨基转移酶albumin, ALB 清蛋白alcohol dehydrogenase, ADH 乙醇脱氢酶aldosterone 醛固酮alimentary pentosuria 饮食性戊糖尿alkaline phosphatase, ALP 碱性磷酸酶allosteric protein 变构蛋白alpha-fetoprotein, AFP 甲胎蛋白aluminium, Al 铝Alzheimer’s disease, AD 阿尔茨海默病amino acid pool 氨基酸池amino acid, AA 氨基酸amino black 10 氨基黑10aminoacidemia 氨基酸血症aminoaciduria 氨基酸尿症ammonia intoxication 氨中毒学说amniotic fluid 羊水analbuminemia 无清蛋白血症androgen 雄性激素androstenedione 雄烯二酮anemia 贫血angina 心绞痛anion gap, AG 阴离子间隙ankyrin 锚蛋白aponenzyme 酶蛋白apolipoprotein, apoprotein, Apo 载脂蛋白apparent volume of distribution, V 表观分布容积apyrase 三磷酸腺苷双磷脂酶area under the curve, AUC 血药浓度-时间曲线下的面积arsenic, As 砷arysulfatase A 芳基硫酸酯酶Aaspartate aminotransferase, AST 天冬氨酸氨基转移酶aspartic acid carbamyl transferase, ACT 天冬氨酸氨甲酰基转移酶atherosclerosis, AS 动脉粥样硬化atomic absorption spectrophotometry, AAS 原子吸收分光光度法ATP sulfurylase ATP 硫酸化酶atrial natriuretic peptides, ANP 心钠肽azoreductase 偶氮还原酶basement membrane 基底膜basic acid output, BAO 基础胃酸分泌量basic multicellular uni, BMU 基本多细胞单位Bence-Jones protein 本周氏蛋白bile acids 胆汁酸bile salts 胆汁酸盐bilinogen entero-hepatic cycle 胆素原的肠肝循环bilirubin 胆红素bio-affinity enzyme immunoassay, BAEIA 亲和素-生物素酶免疫测定法biological half-life 生物半衰期biotransformation 生物转化biuret method 双缩脲法blood glucose 血糖blood-brain barrier, BBB 血脑屏障body fluid 体液body mass index, BMI体重指数bone alkaline phosphatatase, B-ALP 骨性碱性磷酸酶bone conversion/turnover 骨转换bone glutamyl protein, BGP 骨谷氨酰基蛋白bromcresol green, BCG 溴甲酚绿bromcresol purple, BCP 溴甲酚紫B-type natriuretic peptides/brain natriuretic peptides, BNP 脑钠肽bumoral bypercalcemia of malignancy, HHM 恶性肿瘤体液性高钙血症cadmium, Cd 镉calcitonin, CT 降钙素calcium, Ca 钙calcium magnesium reagent 钙镁试剂calmodulin 钙调素、钙调蛋白calmodulin, GaM 钙调素capillary Electrophoresis, CE 毛细血管电泳技术carbamoylated heamogloblin, CarHb氨甲酰血红蛋白carbonic anhydrase 碳酸酐酶carboxyhemoglobin, COHb 碳氧血红蛋白carboxypeptidase 羧肽酶carboxyterminal propeptide of typeⅠprocollagen, PICP Ⅰ型前胶原羧基前肽carboxy-terminal telopeptide of type-Ⅰcollagen , CTX Ⅰ型胶原交联C末端肽carcinoembryonic antigen, CEA 癌胚抗原carditis 心肌炎carotenoids, CAR 类胡萝卜素catalase , Cat 触酶，过氧化氢酶cataract 白内障catecholamines, CA 儿茶酚胺类catechol-O-transmethylase, COMT 儿茶酚胺-O-甲基转移酶cellular retinol binding protein, CRBP 细胞视黄醇结合蛋白central nervous system, CNS 中枢神经系统ceramidase 神经酰胺酶ceramide lactosidase 神经酰胺乳糖苷酶ceramide lactoside 神经酰胺乳糖苷脂ceramide, Cer 神经酰胺cerebrospinal fluid , CSF 脑脊液certified reference material, CRM 有证参考物ceruloplasmin, Cp 铜蓝蛋白channel protein 葡萄糖经通道蛋白charge barrier 电荷屏障chenodeoxycholic acid , CDCA 鹅脱氧胆酸cholecystokinin, CCK 胆囊收缩素cholesterol ester transfer protein, CETP 胆固醇酯转移蛋白cholesterol ester, CE 胆固醇酯cholic acid, CA 胆酸choriocarcinoma 绒癌chromium, Cr 铬chronic adrenocortical insufficiency 慢性肾上腺皮质功能减退症chronic complication if diabetes 糖尿病慢性并发症chronic pancreatitis 慢性胰腺炎chronic renal failure, CRF 慢性肾功能衰竭chylomicron , CM 乳糜微粒chymotrypsin 糜蛋白酶clathrin 网格蛋白clearance, CL 清除率clinical biochemistry 临床生物化学clomifene 氯米芬CM remnant CM残粒coated region 有被区域coated vesicles 有被小泡cobalt Co 钴coenzyme 辅酶collecting duct 集合管colony formation unit-erythroid, CFU-Ecommutability 可互换性compartment model 房室模型congenital adrenal cortical hyperplasia, CAH 先天性肾上腺皮质增生症congenital erythropoietic porphyria 先天性红细胞生成性卟啉病congenital hypothyroidism 先天性甲状腺功能低下conjugated bilirubin 结合胆红素continuous monitoring assay 连续监测法coordination 协同作用coproporphyrin 粪卟啉coronary heart disease , CHD 冠状动脉硬化性心脏病corticosteroid-binding globulin, CBG 皮质素结合球蛋白cortisol 皮质醇cortisol binding globulin, CBG 皮质醇结合球蛋白cortisone 皮质素co-substrates 辅底物C-peptide C-肽C-reactive protein, CRP C-反应蛋白creatine kinase, CK 肌酸激酶Cretinism 克汀病cTn I 心肌肌钙蛋白IcTn T 心肌肌钙蛋白Tcuprum, Cu 铜Cushing’s syndrome 库欣综合征cyanosis 发绀cyclosporine A 环孢素Acystathionine beta-synthase, CBS 胱硫醚-β合成酶cystotatin C 半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制蛋白cytokeratin, CK 角蛋白decision limit 决定值dehydration 脱水dehydroepiandrosterone, DHEA 脱氢异雄酮delayed puberty 青春期延迟denatural globin body 变性珠蛋白小体denaturing high performance liquid chromatography , DHPLC 高效液相色谱deoxycholic acid , DCA 脱氧胆酸deoxycorticosterone 脱氧皮质醇depletional hyponatremia 缺失性低钠血症depolarization 去极化dexamethasone, DMT 地塞米松diabetes mellitus, DM 糖尿病diabetic nephropathy , DN 糖尿病性肾病diagnostic enzymology 诊断酶学digoxin 地高辛dilutional hyponatremia 稀释性低钠血症direct bilirubin 直接胆红素disaturated phosphatidyl choline, DSPC 双饱和磷脂酰胆碱disorders of galactose metabolism 半乳糖代谢异常distortion 红细胞变形DNA microarrays DNA微阵列DNA polymerase DNA聚合酶dopamine, DA 多巴胺double label schilling test 双标记Schilling 试验down regulation 下调Down’s syndrome , DS 唐氏综合征D-xylose Absorption 右旋木糖吸收试验ectopic pregnancy 异位妊娠edema 水肿effective filtration pressure 有效滤过压elastase 弹性蛋白酶electrochemiluminescence, ECL 电化学发光免疫分析Embden-Meyerhof pathway, EMP Embden-Meyerhof 途径endocrine 内分泌endogenous creatinine clearance , CCr 内生肌酐清除率endorphin 内啡肽end-point assay 终点法enkaphalin 脑啡肽enterochromaffin cell, EC 肠嗜铬细胞enterohepatic circulation 肠肝循环enzymatic cycling methods 酶循环法enzyme 酶enzyme calibrators , EC 酶校准物enzyme immunoassay , EIA 酶免疫法enzyme reference material, ERM 酶参考物enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay , ELISA 酶联免疫吸附试验epidermal growth factor, EGF 上皮细胞生长因子epinephrine, E 肾上腺素erythropoietin, EPO 红细胞生成素erythrocyte or red blood cell , RBC 红细胞essential fructosuria 原发性果糖尿症essential group 必需基团essential pentosuria 原发性戊糖尿estradiol, E2 雌二醇estriol , E3 雌三醇estrogen 雌激素estrone 雌酮ethylenediamine assay , EDA 乙二胺法expected dated of confinement, EDC 预产期expressed sequence tags, ESTs 基因表达序列标识extracellular fluid, ECF 细胞外液extrauterine pregnancy 宫外孕extravascular 血管外Fabry disease Fabry 病false neurotransmitter hypothesis 假性神经递质学说familial aggregation 家族聚集性familial hypercholesterolemia , FH 家族性高胆固醇血症familial combined hyperlipidemia, FCHL 家族性混合型高脂血症Farber disease Farber 病fasting plasma glucose , FPG 空腹血糖ferroxidase 铁氧化酶ferrihemoglobin reduction test, FHRT 高铁血红蛋白还原试验ferritin 铁蛋白fetal fibronectin , fFn 胎儿纤维连接蛋白fetal lung maturity , FLM 胎儿肺成熟度fetal-placental unit 胎儿-胎盘单元fibronectin, FN 纤维连接蛋白filtration fraction, FF 滤过分数first time assay 一级反应fixed time assay 定时法flame emission spectrophotometry , FES 火焰光度法flavin adenine dinucleotide , FAD 黄素腺嘌呤二核苷酸flavin mononucleotide, FMN 黄素单核苷酸flip-flop 翻转运动fluorescence polarization assay, FPA 荧光偏振fluoroimmunoassay , FIA 免疫荧光分析法foam stability index FSI泡沫稳定指数follicle stimulating hormone, FSH 促卵泡生成素fractional excretion , Fe 排泄分数free cholesterol, FC 游离胆固醇free erythrocyte protoporphyrin , FEP 游离红细胞原卟啉free radical 自由基free water clearance , CH2 自由水清除率fructose , Fuc 岩藻糖fumarylacetoacetate hydrolase, FAH 延胡索酸酰乙酰乙酰水解酶functional Genomics 功能基因组学functional hypoglycemia 功能性低血糖galactokinase 1, GALK1 半乳糖激酶galactose , Gal 半乳糖galactosemia 半乳糖血症galactose-1 phosphate uridyl transferase, GALT 半乳糖-1-磷酸尿苷酰转移酶galactosylceramide 半乳糖苷神经酰胺gastric mucosal barrier 胃粘膜屏障gastrin 促胃泌素Gaucher disease, GD Gaucher 病(戈谢病)gene chips 基因芯片generalized gangliosidosis 神经节苷脂沉积病gestational diabetes mellitus, GDM 妊娠期糖尿病GH deficiency , GHD 生长激素缺乏症GH-dependent insulin-like growth factor , IGF 生长激素依赖性胰岛素样生长因子ghost cell 血影细胞gigantism 巨人症glial fibrillary acidic protein, GFAP 胶质纤维酸性蛋白globin 珠蛋白globoside plus GM2 ganglioside 红细胞糖酐酯+GM2 神经节酐酯glycosyl ceramide 三己糖神经酰胺glomerular filtration 肾小球滤过glomerular filtration rate , GFR 肾小球滤过glomerulus 肾小球glucagons 胰高血糖素glucagonoma 胰升糖素瘤glucose dehydrogenase, GD 葡萄糖脱氢酶glucose insulin clamp technique , CLAMP 葡萄糖胰岛素钳夹技术glucose oxidase, GOD 葡萄糖氧化镁glucose transporter 4, Glu T4 葡萄糖转运蛋白glucose transporter 2, Glu T2 葡萄糖转运蛋白2glucose , Glc 葡萄糖glucose-6-phosphatase, G6Pase 葡萄糖-6-磷酸酶glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, G6PD 葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶glucose-phosphate isomerase, PGI 葡萄糖磷酸异构酶glucosylceramid 葡萄糖苷神经酰胺glucuronyl-transferase 葡萄糖醛酸基转移酶glutamic dehydrogenase, GHD 谷氨酸脱氢酶glutathione peroxidase , GSH-Px 谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶glutathione reductase, GSSG-R 谷胱甘肽还原酶glutathione, GSH 谷胱甘肽glutathione-s-transferase, GST 谷胱甘肽硫转移酶glycated hemoglobins, GHb 糖化血红蛋白glycated protein 糖化蛋白glycogen storage disease，GSD 糖原累积病glycollate oxidase 羟基乙酸氧化酶glycolysis 糖酵解glycoprotein 糖蛋白glycosphingolipid 鞘糖脂glycosyltransferase 糖基转移酶GM1 ganglioside GM1 神经节苷脂GM1-β-galactosidase GM1-β-半乳糖苷酶GM2 ganglioside GM2神经节苷脂gout 痛风granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, G-CSF 粒细胞集落刺激因子granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor, GM-CSF 粒细胞-巨噬细胞集落刺激因子growth hormone, GH 生长激素growth hormone-inhabiting hormone 生长激素抑制激素GTP binding protein, GBP GTP结合蛋白haematopoietic precursor 血细胞生成前体haptoglobin, Hp 触珠蛋白/结合珠蛋白heart failure 心力衰竭Heinz body 亨氏小体heme 血红素heme oxygenase 血红素加氧酶hemoglobin electrophoresis, HE 血红蛋白电泳hemoglobin , Hb 血红蛋白hemolysis 溶血hemolytic jaundice 溶血性黄疸hemopexin 血红素结合蛋白hemopoietic progenitor cell 造血祖细胞hemopoietic stem cell 造血干细胞hepatic lipase, HL 肝脂酶hepatic triglyceridase, HTGL 肝脂酶hepatocyte growth factor , HGF 肝生长因子hepatolenticular degeneration, HLD 肝豆状核变性hereditary deficiency of plasma, LCAT 遗传性血浆卵磷脂-胆固醇转移酶缺乏hereditary abetalipoproteinemia 遗传性无β-脂蛋白血症hereditary elliptocytosis 遗传性椭圆形红细胞增多症hereditary fructose intolerance, HFI 遗传性果糖不耐症hereditary fructose-1,6-diphosphatase deficiency 遗传性1,6-二磷酸果糖酶缺乏症hereditary hyperphosphatidylcholine hemolytic anemia 遗传性高磷脂酰胆碱溶血性贫血hereditary pyropoikilocytosis 遗传性热异型性红细胞增多症heritability 遗传度heterolytic fission 异裂hexokinase , HK 己糖激酶hexosaminidase A β-N-乙酰氨基半乳糖苷酶Ahexosaminidase B β-N-乙酰氨基半乳糖苷酶Bhexose Monophophate Pathway, HMP 己糖单磷酸途径high density lipoprotein, HDL 高密度脂蛋白high performance liquid chromatography, HPLC 高效液相色谱法high sensitivity CRP, hsCRP 超敏C反应蛋白hirsutism 女性多毛症histamine 组胺homeostasis 内环境稳态homocysteine, HCY 同型半胱氨酸homocystinuria, HCU 同型胱氨酸尿症hemolytic fission 均裂homovanillic acid , HA V 3-甲氧基-4-羟基苯乙酸hook effect 钩状效应hormone 激素hormone receptor 激素受体human chorionic gonadotropin, hCG 人绒毛膜促性腺激素human chorionic somatomammotropin, hCS 人绒毛膜促乳腺生长激素human Genome Project, HGP 人类基因组计划human placental lactogen, hPL 人类胎盘催乳素hydatiform mole 葡萄胎hydrated density 水化密度？hydrocytosis 口型红细胞增多症hydrolases 水解酶类hydroxylase 羟化酶hydroxyproline, HOP 羟脯氨酸hyperadrenocorticism 肾上腺皮质功能亢进症hyperbilirubinemia 高胆红素血症hypercalcemia 高钙血症hyperglycemia 高血糖血症hyperkalemia 高钾血症hypermagnesemia 高镁血症hyperlipoproteinemia 高脂蛋白血症hypernatremia 高钠血症hyperosmolar nonketotic diabetic coma 糖尿病非酮症高渗性昏迷hyperphosphoremia 高磷血症hyperthyroidism 甲状腺功能亢进hyperphenylalaninemia, HPA 高苯丙氨酸血症hypervariable region , HV 高变区hypervolemic hypernatremia 高渗性高钠血症hypervolemic hyponatremia 高渗性低钠血症hypocalcamia 低钙血症hypomagnesemia 低镁血症hyponatremia 低钠血症hypophosphoremia 低磷血症hypothyroidism 甲状腺功能减退症hypovolemic hyponatremia 低渗性低钠血症hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyl transferase, HGPRT 次黄嘌呤-鸟嘌呤磷酸核糖转移酶icterus neonatorum 新生儿生理性黄疸idiopathic respiratory distress syndrome, IRDS 特发性呼吸窘迫综合症?immunobilized enzymes 固相酶/固定酶immunochemiluminescent assay , CLIA 免疫化学发光分析法immunofixation electrophoresis, IFE 免疫固相电泳immunoglobin Ig 免疫球蛋白immunoradiometric assay, IRMA 免疫放射量度分析impaired fasting glucose, IFG 空腹血糖受损impaired glucose regulation , IGR 糖调节受损impaired glucose tolerance, IGT 糖耐量减退in vitro expression , IVE 体外表达法indirect bilirubin 间接胆红素induced fit hypothesis 诱导契合学说inducible enzyme, iNOS 诱导型NOSinherited metabolic disease, IMD 遗传代谢性疾病inhibitor 抑制剂insulin 胰岛素insulin resistance , IR 胰岛素抵抗insulin sensitivity index, IRI 胰岛素抵抗指数insulin-like growth factor, IGF-1 胰岛素样生长因子1insulin-like growth factors , IGF 胰岛素样生长因子insulinoma 胰岛素瘤integral proteins 主体蛋白interferon, IFN干扰素interleukin, IL-3 白细胞介素3interleukin, IL 白细胞介素intermediate density lipoprotein, IDL 中间密度脂蛋白interstitial fluid 细胞间液intracellular fluid, ICF 细胞内液intravenous glucose tolerance test, IGTT 静脉葡萄糖耐量试验intrinsic factor 内因子intrinsic proteins 内在蛋白intron 内含子iodine, I 碘ion selective electrode, ISE 离子选择性电极法iron deficiency anemia, IDA, 缺铁性贫血期iron deficiency erythropoiesis, ID 红细胞生成缺铁期iron depletion , ID 铁减少期iron , Fe 铁ischemia modified albumin, IMA 缺血修饰性清蛋白isoform 亚型isomerases 异构酶类jaundice 黄疸Katacalcin 降钙蛋白ketone bodies 酮体kidney 肾脏kinetic assay 动力学法Kjeldahl method 凯氏定氮法Krabbes disease Krabbes 病lactate dehydrogenase, LD 乳糖脱氢酶lactic acidosis diabetic coma 糖尿病乳糖酸中毒昏迷lag phase 延滞期lamellar bodies 薄层小体lamellar bodies counts 薄层小体计数LDL receptor pathway LDL 受体途径LDL receptor related protein, LRP LDL受体相关蛋白LDL receptor ,LDLR LDL受体lead, Pb 铅lecithin 卵磷脂lecithin/sphingomyelin ratio, L/S 卵磷脂/鞘磷脂比值lecithincholesterol acyl transferase, LCAT 卵磷脂胆固醇酯酰转移酶leprechaunism 妖精貌综合征leptin 瘦素linear phase 线性反应期lipase 脂肪酶lipid-soluble vitamin 脂溶性维生素lipoprotein lipase, LPL 脂蛋白脂肪酶lithocholic acid, LCA 石胆酸low density lipoprotein, LDL 低密度脂蛋白luciferase 荧光素酶luciferin 荧光素lung maturity profile 肺成熟度组合试验luteinizing hormone , LH 黄体生成素lyases 裂解酶类lysolecithin 溶血卵磷脂lysophospholipid 溶血磷脂lysosomal disorder 溶酶体病lysosome 溶酶体macroamylase, M-AMS 巨淀粉酶macrophage-colony stimulating factor, M-CSF 巨噬细胞集落刺激因子magnesium 镁malonyldialdehyde, MDA 丙二醛manganese, Mn 锰mass 质量matrix effect 基质效应maturity onset diabetes of the young , MODY 青年人成年发病型糖尿病maximum acid output, MAO 最大胃酸分泌量Mcleod phenotype Mcleod 表型medullary thyroid carcinoma , MIC 甲状腺髓样癌mercury, Hg 汞metabolic clearance rate, MCR 代谢清除率metabolic syndrome 代谢综合征metachromatic leukodystrophy, MLD 异染性脑白质病metallothionein, MT 金属硫蛋白methemalbumin 高铁清蛋白methemoglobin, MetHb 正铁血红蛋白methionine 蛋氨酸methionine synthase, MS 亚硫氨酸合成酶methylene blue 美兰Michaelis-Menten equation 米-曼方程microsomal ethanol oxidizing system, MEOS 微粒体乙醇氧化体系microsomal triglyceride transfer protein, MTTP 微粒体甘油三酯转移蛋白mineralocorticoid 盐皮质激素minimal model technique, MMT 微小模型技术mitochondrial cytopathies 线粒体细胞病mitochondrial disorders 线粒体病mitochondrial DNA , mtDNA 线粒体DNAmitochondrial respiratory chain 线粒体呼吸链mixed acid-base balance disorder 混合性酸碱平衡紊乱mobility 电泳迁移率monoamine oxidase, MAO 单胺氧化酶monoclonal protein M 蛋白monomeric enzyme 单体酶monoxyfenase 单加氧酶morphine 吗啡mucoproteins 粘蛋白mucus 粘液multienzyme system 多酶体系multiple amplification refractory utation system PCR, multi-ARMS-PCR 特异多重PCR 技术multiple endocrine neoplasia typeⅠMENⅠⅠ型多发性内分泌肿瘤multiple of normal median , MoM 中位值倍数myelin 髓鞘质myelin basic protein , MBP 髓鞘碱性蛋白myeloperoxidase, MPO 髓过氧化物酶myoblobin, Mb 肌红蛋白myosin 肌球蛋白nephron 肾单位nephritic syndrome , NS 肾病综合征nerve growth factor, NGF 神经生长因子nervous-system-specific protein 神经系统特有蛋白neural tube defects, NTDs 神经管缺陷neuroblastoma growth inhibitor, NGI 神经生长抑制因子neurodegenerative disorder 神经变性病neuromodulator 神经调质neuronal degeneration 神经元变性neuron-specific enolase, NSE 神经元特异性烯醇化酶neurotransmitter 神经递质neurotrophic factors, NTFs 神经营养因子nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, NADPH 还原型辅酶ⅡNiemann-Pick disease 尼曼-皮克病nitric oxide, NO氧化亚氮nitroreductase 硝基还原酶non-HDL cholesterol 非高密度脂蛋白nonspecific tumor marker 广谱肿瘤标志物norepinephrine, NE 去甲肾上腺素normovolemic hyponatrmia 等渗性低钠血症N-terminal telopeptide of type-Ⅰcollagen, NTX Ⅰ型胶原交联N末端肽nuclear DNA, nDNA 核DNAnutrition deficiency 营养缺乏obese gene 肥胖基因o-cresolphthalein complexone, O-CPC 邻甲酚酞络合酮oligoclonal bands, OB 寡克隆区带oligohydramnios 羊水过少oligomeric enzyme 寡聚酶oncogene 癌基因oral glucose tolerance test, OGTT口服葡萄糖耐量试验ornithine carbamyl transferase, OCT 鸟氨酸氨甲酰基转移酶ornithine decarboxylase, ODC 鸟氨酸脱羧酶osteocalcin 骨钙素osteogenesis 成骨作用osteolysis 溶骨作用osteomalacia 骨软化症osteoporosis 骨质疏松oxidative phosphorylation, OXPHOS 氧化磷酸化oxidized glutathione, GSSG 还原型谷胱甘肽oxidoreductases 氧化还原酶类oximeter 血氧分析仪oxyhemoglobin, oxHb 氧合血红蛋白pancreatic amylase 胰淀粉酶pancreatic juice 胰液pancreatic polypeptide, PP 胰多肽paraaminohippurate, PAH 对氨基马尿酸parafollicular cell 甲状腺滤泡旁细胞parathyroid hormone, PTH 甲状旁腺素parathyroid hormone-related protein, PTHrP 甲状旁腺素相关蛋白Parkinson’s disease, PD 帕金森病paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria, PNH 阵发性夜间血红蛋白尿pentagastrin 五肽胃泌素pentose phosphate cycle 戊糖磷酸循环pentose phosphate pathway, PPP 磷酸戊糖途径pepsinogen 胃蛋白酶原peptic ulcer 消化性溃疡periodic acid-Schiff, PAS 高碘酸-雪夫氏染色法peripheral nerve system, PNS 周围神经系统peripheral proteins 外周蛋白permissive action 允许作用peroxidase, POD 过氧化物酶peroxisome 过氧物酶体? peroxynitrous acid, ONOOH 过氧亚硝酸phagocytosis 吞噬phenol reagent method 酚试剂法phenol sulfonphthalein excretion test，PSP 酚红排泄试验phenylalanine 苯丙氨酸phenylketonuria, PKU 苯丙酮尿症phenylalanine hydroxylase, PAH 苯丙氨酸羟化酶phenytion 苯妥英phenochromocytoma 嗜铬细胞瘤phosphate gluconate oxidative pathway 磷酸葡萄糖氧化途径phosphatidylglycerol, PG 磷脂酰甘油phosphatidylinositol, PI 磷脂酰肌醇phosphoglycerid 磷酸甘油脂phospholipase A2, PLA2 磷脂酶A2phospholipids, PL 磷脂phosphorus 磷pituitary dwarfism 垂体性侏儒placental lactogen, PL 胎盘催乳素plasma free hemoglobin 血浆游离血红蛋白plasma protein 血浆蛋白质point of care test, POCT 床旁检查poly human serum albumin, PHSA 多聚人血清清蛋白polyamine 多胺polycythemia红细胞增多症polyhydramnios 羊水过多polymerase chain reactions, PCR 聚合酶链反应polymorphonuclear neutrophils, PMN 多形核白细胞polyunsaturated fatty acid, PUFA 多不饱和脂肪酸Ponceau S 丽春红Sporphyrin 卟啉positive cooperation 正协同作用post-adolescent hypogonadism 青春期后性功能减退症postprandial hypoglycemia 餐后低血糖症prealbumin, PA 前清蛋白pregnancy induced hypertension, PIH 妊娠期高血压综合征pregnancy 妊娠preproinsulin 前胰岛素原presenile dementia 早老年性痴呆preterm labor 早产primary bile acids 初级胆汁酸primary hyperlipoproteinemia 家族性高脂蛋白血症primer 引物procollagen peptide ⅠⅠ型前胶原肽product 产物progesterone 孕酮progressive muscular dystrophy, PMD 进行性肌营养不良症proinsulin 胰岛素原prolactin, PRL催乳素prolactinoma 催乳素瘤proopiomelanocortin, POMC 阿片皮质素原prostate specific antigen, PSA 前列腺特异抗原prosthetic group 辅基protein 蛋白质proteinase inhibitor, Pi 蛋白酶抑制物proteinuria 蛋白尿proteomics 蛋白质组学proto-oncogene 原癌基因protoporphyrin 尿卟啉protoporphria 原卟啉病pyrosequencing 焦磷酸测序pteroylpolyglutamate hydrolase, PPH 蝶酰多谷氨酸水解酶purine nucleotide 嘌呤核苷酸putrescine 腐胺pyridinoline, Pyr 吡啶酚pyridoxal, PL 吡哆醛pyridoxamine, PM吡哆胺pyridoxine, PN 吡哆醇pyruvate kinase, PK 丙酮酸激酶quinidine 奎尼丁R form R型radio-immunity assay, RIA 放射免疫法radioreceptor assay, RRA 放射受体法rate constant, k 速率常数reactive hypoglycemia 反应性低血糖reactive oxygen species, ROS 活性氧real-time quantitative PCR 实时荧光定量PCRreceiver operating characteristic curve, ROC curve ROC曲线/受试者工作曲线reducedglutathione, GSH 还原型谷胱甘肽relaxed form 松弛型renal blood flow, RBF 肾血流量renal capsule 肾小囊renal clearance test, C 肾清除率试验renal osteodystrophy 骨性骨营养障碍renal plasma flow, RPF 肾血浆流量renal tubular acidosis, RTA 肾小管性酸中毒renal tubule 肾小管resistin 抵抗素respiratory alkalosis 呼吸性碱中毒reticulocyte 网织红细胞reticuloendothelial system, RES 网状内皮系统retinol-binding protein, RBP 视黄醇结合蛋白Rh-null phenotype Rh-null表型ribozyme 核酶rickets 佝偻病risk factors 危险因素saliva free cortisol, SFC 唾液游离皮质醇Sandhoff’s disease or Tay-Sachs variant 泰氏-萨氏病变种scavenger receptor, SR 清道夫受体schizophrenia 精神分裂症screening 筛查SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, SDS-PAGE 十二烷基磺酸钠-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳secondary amenorrhea 继发性闭经secondary bile acids 次级胆汁酸secretin, Sec 促胰液素selective urine protein index, SPI 蛋白尿选择指数selenium, Se 硒self-monitoring of blood glucose, SMBG 血糖的自我监控serotonin 血清紧张素serum creatinine, SCr 血清肌酐serum protein electrophoresis, SPE血清蛋白电泳serum urea, Urea 血清尿素serum uric acid, SUA 血清尿酸sex hormone 性激素sex hormone binding globulin, SHBG 性激素结合球蛋白sexual infantilism 性幼稚症sexual precosit 性早熟sialic acid, SA 唾液酸sialytransferase, ST 唾液酸酰基转移酶sickle cell disease 镰状细胞病signal peptide 信号肽singlet state 单线肽size barrier 孔径屏障skeletal proteins 骨架蛋白somatomedin C 生长调节素Csomatomedin , SM 生长调节素somatostatin 生长抑素somatostatinoma, SS 生长抑素瘤specificity 专一性spectrin 定形素/血影蛋白/收缩蛋白spermidine 精脒spermine 精胺sphingolipids 鞘脂sphingomyelin 鞘磷脂sphingomyelinase 鞘磷脂酶sphingomyelinosis 神经鞘磷脂质贮积病sphingosine 鞘氨醇squamous Cell Carcinoma antigen, SCCA 鳞状细胞癌抗原standard reference material, SRM 标准参考物steady state 稳态steady state plasma concentration, CSS 稳态血药浓度steroids hormone 甾体类激素sterol regulatory element binding proteins, SREBPs 胆固醇调节元件结合蛋白stomatocytosis 口形红细胞增多症storage disease 贮积病substrate 底物substrate-depletion phase 底物耗尽期sudden death 心源性猝死SulfHb 硫化血红蛋白superoxide dismutase, SOD 超氧化物歧化酶synthetases 合成酶类T form T型Tamm-Horsfall glycoprotein, THPTaq DNA polymerase Taq DNA 聚合酶tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase, TRAP 抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶taut or tens form 紧密型Tay-Sachs disease 泰氏-萨氏病testosterone 睾酮tetrapyrrole 四吡咯theophylline 茶碱theory of insulin and plasma amino acid imbalance 胰岛素、血浆氨基酸失衡学说theory of short chain fatty acid intoxication 短链脂肪酸中毒学说therapeutic drug monitoring, TDM 治疗药物监测thiamine monophosphate, TMP 硫胺素单磷酸thiamine pyrophosphate, TPP硫胺素焦磷酸thiamine triphosphate, TPP 硫胺素三磷酸thyroid stimulating hormone, TSH 促甲状腺激素thyroglobulin antibody, TGAb 抗甲状腺球蛋白抗体thyroid hormone autoantibody, THAb 甲状腺激素抗体thyroid microsomal antibody, TmAb 抗甲状腺微粒体抗体thyroid peroxidase antibody, TPOAb 抗甲状腺过氧化酶抗体thyroid stimulating hormone, TSH 促甲状腺激素thyrotropin-receptor antibodies, TRAb TSH受体抗体thyroxine binding globulin, TBG 甲状腺素结合球蛋白thyroxine, T4 甲状腺素tight junction 焊接tissue polypeptide antigen, TPA 组织多肽抗原tissue polypeptide specific antigen, TPS 特异性组织多肽抗原tolbutamide tolerance test 甲苯磺丁脲耐受试验total body water, TBW 总体水total cholesterol, TC 总胆固醇total iron-binding capacity, TIBC 总铁结合力Touster cycle Touster通路trace element 微量元素transferases 转移酶类transferring, Tf 运铁蛋白transferring, TRF 转铁蛋白transthyretin, TTR 甲状腺素转运蛋白triacylglycerol/triglyceride, TG 甘油三酯trihydroxyindole, THI 三羟基吲哚trimester 三月基triplet state 三线态tropomyosin 原肌球蛋白troponin, Tn 肌钙蛋白trypsin 胰蛋白酶tubular maximum for phosphate reabsorption, TmPO4 肾小管磷酸盐最大重吸收tumor Markers 肿瘤标志物tumor necrotic factor, TNF 肿瘤坏死因子turbidimetry 比浊法turnaround time, TAT 缩短测定周期type 1 diabetes 1型糖尿病type 2 diabetes 2型糖尿病tyrosine 酪氨酸tyrosine aminotransferase, TAT 酪氨酸转氨酶tyrosinemia 酪氨酸血症tyrosinemiaⅠⅠ型酪氨酸血症tyrosinemiaⅡⅡ酪氨酸血症UDP-galactose-4-epimerase, GALE 尿苷二磷酸半乳糖-4-表异构酶unconjugated bilirubin 非结合胆红素unconjugated estriol, uE3 游离雌三醇unstable angina, UA 不稳定性心绞痛upper limits of normal, ULN 正常上限uremia 尿毒症uric acid UA 尿酸uridine diphosphate glucuronic acid, UDPGA 尿苷二磷酸-α-葡萄糖醛酸urinary albumin excretion rate, UAER 尿清蛋白排出率urinary albumin excretion, UAE 尿请蛋白排泄率urinary protein electrophoresis, UPEP 尿蛋白电泳urobilin 尿胆素urinate cycle Uronate循环vanillylmandelic acid, VMA 3-甲氧基-4-羟苦杏仁酸/香草扁桃酸vasoactive intestinal peptide, VIP 血管活性肽verdohemoglobin 胆绿蛋白very low density lipoprotein, VLDL 极低密度脂蛋白virilization 男性化vitamin D, VitDvitamin, vitvitamin-D-binding protein, DBP 维生素D结合蛋白water-soluble vitamin 水溶性维生素wheat germ agglutinin, WGA 麦胚凝集素法xerocytosis/desiccocytosis 干瘪细胞综合征zero order reaction 零级反应zinc, Zn 锌Zn-protoporphyrin, ZPP Zn-原卟啉zollinger-Ellison syndrome 卓-艾综合征α1-microglobin,α1-mG α1-微球蛋白α1-acid glycoprotein, AAG α1酸性糖蛋白α1-antitrypsin, α1AT/AAT α1-抗胰蛋白酶α2-macroglobulin, α2MG/AMG α2巨球蛋白α-galactosidase α-半乳糖苷酶β2-microglobin, β2-MG β2微球蛋白β-amyloid Protein β-淀粉样蛋白β-cell dysfunction 胰岛β细胞功能减退β-galactosidase β-半乳糖苷酶β-glucosidase, β-glu β-葡萄糖脑苷脂酶β-proline hydroxylase, β-PH β-脯氨酸羟化酶γ-glutamyl transpeptidase, γ-GT γ-谷氨酰基转移酶γ-glutamic-transpeptidase, γ-GT γ-谷氨酸转肽酶δ-aminolevulinic acid, ALA δ-氨基乙酰丙酸。