2014年10月北京自考欧洲文化入门模拟试题和答案100017一、Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For each unfinished statement or question，four suggested answers marked A，B，C and D are given. Choose the one which best completes the statement or answers the question by blackening the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET.(40 points，2 points each)第1题 In the second half of the 4th century B.C.，all Greece was brought under the rule of___________ ，King of Macedon.A. HomerB. SophoclesC. AlexanderD. Alfred【正确答案】 C【你的答案】本题分数2分第2题 In ancient Greece，plays were performed in_____________.A. theatresB. open-air sports groundC. private housesD. open-air theatres【正确答案】 D【你的答案】本题分数2分第3题 The first emperor of the Roman Empire was________________.A. ConstantineB. Julius CaesarC. OctaviusD. Augustus【正确答案】 D【你的答案】本题分数2分第4题The ancestors of the Jews are called Hebrews which mean______________.A. wanderersB. travelersC. tradersD. merchants【正确答案】 A【你的答案】本题分数2分第5题 Isaiah was a_______________.A. prophetB. king of IsraelC. son of David’sD. Hebrew writer【正确答案】 A【你的答案】本题分数2分第6题 The center of medieval life under feudalism was____________________.A. the fiefB. the manorC. the churchD. the castle【正确答案】 B【你的答案】本题分数2分第7题 Gothic cathedrals were noted for their_______________.A. soaring towersB. stained glass windowsC. life-like sculpturesD. all of the above【正确答案】 D【你的答案】本题分数2分第8题The impact of Renaissance was most strongly felt in England inandphilosophy.A. fine artsB. literatureC. dramaD. poetry【正确答案】 C【你的答案】本题分数2分第9题The Reformation began with the posting of 95 thesis by_______________.A. John WycliffB. Martin LutherC. Jan HusD. da Vinci【正确答案】 B【你的答案】本题分数2分第10题 America was named in honour of_____________.A. Bartholomeu DiasB. Christopher ColumbusC. Vasco da GamaD. Amerigo Vespucci【正确答案】 D【你的答案】本题分数2分第11题 Copernicus came to be known as father of_____________.A. modern astronomyB. anatomyC. geographical discoveriesD. the book,The Starry Messenger【正确答案】 A【你的答案】本题分数2分第12题Bacon held that philosophy should be kept separate from_______________.A. realityB. politicsC. worldly mattersD. theology【正确答案】 D【你的答案】本题分数2分第13题The Industrial Revolution in England began with the invention of______ _______.A. textile machinesB. the steam engineC. steamboatD. farm machines【正确答案】 B【你的答案】本题分数2分第14题 The author of the saying：“I disapprove of what you say, but I will defend to the death your right to say it.”was_____________.A. MontesquieuB. John LockeC. VoltaireD. Rousseau【正确答案】 C【你的答案】本题分数2分第15题Schubert was historically most important for his beautiful______________.A. songsB. symphoniesC. piano sonatasD. violin sonatas【正确答案】 A【你的答案】本题分数2分第16题 One of the themes of the book Les Miserables is______________.A. love of the French RepublicB. the tragedy of povertyC. hatred of tyrannyD. love of humanity【正确答案】 D【你的答案】本题分数2分第17题 Socialism：Utopian and Scientific was written by____________.A. MarxB. DarwinC. EngelsD. Robert Owen【正确答案】 C【你的答案】本题分数2分第18题 Dead souls by_____________depicts many aspects of Russian society.A. PushkinB. GogolC. TurgenevD. Dostoevsky【正确答案】 B【你的答案】本题分数2分第19题 In the 19th century，two European countries，Italy and_____________，achieved their unification.A. GermanyB. SpainC. PolandD. Yugoslavia【正确答案】 A【你的答案】本题分数2分第20题The poet who studied oriental poetry and translated a number of po ems was_____________.A. YeatsB. T.S.EliotC. Ezra PoundD. Whitman【正确答案】 C二、In the following part there are two columns.The left hand column consists of a list of names.The right hand column consists of a list of titles，names of organizations,works or remarks.Match each name in the left hand column with corresponding title，organization，work or remark in the right hand column and put the number a or b or c etc.in the bracket on the test paper.(10 points，1 point each)第1题 1.Horace【】 (a)leader of the exodus2.John Calvin【】 (b)author of Opus maius3.Montesquieu【】 (c)The Inspector General4.Dias【】 (d)Catch?225.William Blake【】 (e)Roman writer6.Moses【】 (f)Institutes of the Christian Religion7.Joseph Heller【】 (g)the discovery of the Cape of Good Hope8.Locke【】 (h)Persian Letters9.Gogol【】 (i)The Songs of Experience 10.Roger Bacon【】 (j)author of Treatise of Civil Government【正确答案】 1.e(P38)2.f(P147)3.h(P235) 4.g(P180)5.i(P290)6.a(P60) 7.d(P492)8.j(P205)9.c(P392) 10.b(P104)【你的答案】三、Give a one?sentence answer to each of the following questions.Write your answer in the corresponding space on the test paper.(20 points ，2 points each) 第1题 What does democracy mean in ancient Athens?【正 确答案】(P3)In ancient Athens, democracy means“exercise of power by the whole peop le”,but by“the whole people”the Greeks meant only the adult male citizen s, and citizenship was a set of rights which a man inherited from his f ather. 【你的答案】本题分数 1分你的得分 修改分数第2题 Who said“Give me a place to stand ，and I will move the world”?【正 确答案】 (P31)To illustrate the principle of the lever, Archimedes is said to have told the king:“Give me a place to stand, and I will move the world.” 【你的答案】本题分数 1 分你的得分 修改分数 第3题What role did Christianity play after Constantine I made it legal?【正 确答案】 (P76)Under Constantine the Christianity with its unifying and organizing for ce made great contributions to the consolidation of the empire. 【你的答案】本题分数1 分你的得分 修改分数第4题What theory did Copernicus put forward in the book The Revolutionof the Heavenly Orbs?【正 确答案】(P181)In the book Nicolaus Copernicus put forward his beliefs that the ear th and other planets orbit about the sun and that earth is not at the centre of the universe.【你的答案】本题分数 1分你的得分 修改分数第5题 What did Hobbes state in Leviathan?【正确答案】(P202)In Leviathan, Hobbes stated nineteen laws of nature. 【你的答案】本题分数 1 分你的得分修改分数第6题 Why is the Enlightenment sometimes called the Age of Reason?【正 确答案】(P231)The Enlightenment characterizes the efforts by certain European writers to use critical reason to free minds from prejudice,unexamined authority and oppression by Church or State. Therefore the Enlightenment is sometimes called the Age of Reason.【你的答案】本题分数 1分你的得分 修改分数第7题 What did Byrons poetry express?【正确答案】 (P296)Byron ＇s poetry expressed an ardent love of liberty and a fierce hatred of ty ranny. 【你的答案】本题分数1分你的得分修改分数第8题 What is the greatest contribution of Marx?【正确答案】(P351)The doctrine of surplus value in Capital is the greatest contributi on of Marx.【你的答案】本题分数1分你的得分修改分数第9题 Who was the founder of the naturalist school in France?【正确答案】(P388)Zola was the founder of the naturalist school in France.【你的答案】本题分数1分你的得分修改分数第10题 Why was Yeats considered very original in poetry?【正确答案】(P462)Yeats was one of the most original poets because he was among the f irst poets in English to make deliberate use of symbolism,which he brought in different ways into his poetry.【你的答案】四、Explain each of the following terms in English.Write your answer in the corresponding space on the test paper in around 40 words.(20 points ，5 points each) 第1题 Edict of Milan【正 确答案】(P76)By 305 Diocletian gave up his effort to destroy the young religion. Soon a war between rivals for the throne followed and was won by Constan tine. He, who believed that God had helped him in winning the battle, is sued the Edict of Milan in 313. It granted religious freedom to all,and made Christianity legal.【你的答案】 本题分数 5分你的得分修改分数第2题 Cicero【正 确答案】(P40)Cicero played an important role in the Roman senate,was noted for his oratory and fine writing style.His legal and political speeches are model s of Latin diction.His eloquent, oratorical manner of writing, described as Ciceronian, has had an enormous influence on the development of European prose. 【你的答案】本题分数 5分你的得分修改分数第3题 Prophets【正 确答案】(P70)For more than a thousand years in the Middle East there had been a class of people known as “prophets” or the spokesmen of god. Earlier prophets lived in groups as temple officials. Later on there appeared inde pendent prophets.【你的答案】本题分数 5分你的得分 修改分数第4题 Jean?Paul Sartre【正 确答案】(P487)Jean?Paul Sartre, French philosopher, and writer, is the most important existentialist of the 20th century. His theory is that life has no meani ng and purpose beyond the goals each person sets for himself/herself. His major works of philosophy are Being and Nothingness(1943) and Critique of D ialectical Reason（1960）. His best?known fiction works are Nausea(1938), The Wall(1938) and The Flies(1943). His one?act play No Exit has become a popular theatre pie ce.【你的答案】五、Write between 100-120 words on the following topic in the corresponding space on the test paper.(10 points)第1题 What are the contents of the Bill of Rights of 1689?【正确答案】(P210)The Bill of Rights limited the Sovereign?s power in certain important directions:(1)The power of suspending the laws by royal authority was declared to beillegal; Parliament was responsible for all the law making.(2)The king should levy no money except by grant of Parliament.(3)The king should not keep a standing army in time of peace without cons ent of Parliament.(4)No Roman Catholic, nor anyone marrying a Roman Catholic should succeed to the throne.【你的答案】。