宾语从句如何区分宾语从句?They know the teacher.主语谓语宾语They know the teacher is a man .主语谓语宾语从句▲句子做宾语就是宾语从句。
宾语从句在复合句中做主句的宾语.1.时态一致:1)当主句是一般现在时,从句可根据需要,采用任何一种时态.例如:He says that he will be free tomorrow.I know that man lived here five years ago.2)当主句是过去时,从句也应该采用过去的某种时态形式与之相对应.例如: He thought the train was like a big moving party. (从句为一般过去时)He said he was going to take care of the child. (从句为过去将来时)He said he had never seen the film. (在这句中,从句为过去完成时)但当从句所陈述的是客观事实或普遍真理,从句时态用一般现在时.例如: The teacher said the earth goes around the sun.The teacher said that light travels much faster than sound.Jim said that time is life.2.引导词: 1)当宾语从句由陈述句充当时,由that引导,在口语或非正式文体中可以省略.例如:I believe ( that ) you are right.He said ( that ) the fastest way to travel was by plane.2)当宾语从句由一般疑问句充当时,由if或whether引导,作“是否”解。
例如: Is his name John? / Could you tell me?Could you tell me if /whether his name is John?Are they going to the Great Wall? Jim wants to know...Jim wants to know if/whether they are going to the Great Wall.3)当宾语从句由特殊疑问句充当时,特殊疑问词就是引导词,例如:Do you know what time the plane leaves?3.语序: 1)当宾语从句由陈述句充当时,保持原来的语序, 即陈述句语序.例如:陈述句变为宾语从句时,要注意人称和时态的变化,语序不变。
eg. She said, “I will leave a message on the desk.”= She said she would leave a message on the desk.He said (that )the fastest way to travel was by plane .2)当宾语从句由疑问句(包括一般疑问句和特殊疑问句)充当时,除引导词外, 此后变为陈述句语序.例如:即If / whether +主语+ 谓语部分或疑问词+主语+谓语部分Eg. “Where are the tickets?” I asked him.=I asked him where the tickets were.I don’t know if/whether he could answer the question.Please tell me who(whom) I will meet tomorrow.4.宾语从句和状语从句的区分:eg. 1) I will go out tomorrow if it is fine tomorrow.2) I don’t know if the train has arrived.句1中if引导的是状语从句。
这个从句表示“条件”,整个句子的意思是如果明天天气好,我就出去。
句2中if引导的是宾语从句,充当谓语动词don’t know的宾语。
整个句子的意思是我不知道火车是否已到达。
判断方法:1、可以从整个句式看。
状语从句一般可以放在主句的前面或后面(个别除外),宾语从句只能放在主句谓语动词之后。
2、从引导词看。
if充当宾语从句的连接词时,相当于whether,词义为“是否”,充当状语从句的连接词时,词义为“如果”。
when充当宾语从句的连接词时,意为“什么时候”,充当状语从句的连接词时,意为“当……的时候”( ) We're not sure if it _______ tomorrow.If it _______,we won't climb the South Hill.(2004年青海西宁)A.will snow;snowsB.will snow;will snowC.snows;snowsD.snows;will snow5. 宾语从句在一定条件下,可以简化为“特殊疑问词+不定式”、“it +形容词+不定式短语”1)I don't know what I should do with the letter.(改为简单句)(2005年山东烟台)I don't know what __________ _________ with the letter.2)Can you tell me how to get to the nearest hospital? (改为宾语从句)Can you tell me how _______ ______ ________ _____ the nearest hospital?3)I think it is very important to study English well.I think _______ ________ to study English well.宾语从句习题()1.Could you tell me ________?A if he would come tomorrowB will he come tomorrowC whether he will come tomorrowD If he comes tomorrow()2.Could you tell me ___________________?A where is the part ?B who’s on duty ?C whose book is this ?D what are they doing ?()3. I want to know ___________.A. which house does your sister liveB. which houses does his uncle live inC. which house his uncle livesD. which house his uncle lives in()4. Father told us that they _____ on a field trip.A. will goB. are goingC. have goneD. were going()5. I want to know ________.A. who is he waitingB. who is he waiting forC. who he is waitingD. who he is waiting for()6. Can you tell me ________?A. where she is goingB. where she goingC. where is she goingD. where is she going to()7. Do you know ___________ this time yesterday?A.what she is cookingB.what is she cookingC.what she was cookingD.what was she cooking()8. Do you know how much hot water_______?A.Mum is needed B.does Mum need C.Mum needs D.did Mum need ( )9. Can you tell me_______?A.where he is B.where is he C.he is where D.what is he( )10. I didn't know how _______ to London?A.would they go B.are they going C.they would go D.they are going ( )11.Let me tell you __________________.A. how much is the carB. how much does the car costC. how much did I pay for the carD. how much I spent on the car ( )12.Do you know _______?A.what the news are B.what is the newsC.what the news is D.what are the news( )13.He said he would help me with my maths if he _______ free.A.was B.will be C.would be D.is( )14.I don't know if she ______ .If she ______ ,please let me know.A.comes;comes B.will come;will comeC.comes;will come D.will come;come( )15. Peter knew _______________.A. whether he has finished reading the bookB. why the boy had so many questionsC. there were 12 months in a yearD. when they will leave for Paris( )16.I didn't know what ______ .A.was the matter B.is the matter C.matter was D.the matter is ( )17.I couldn't agree with ______ at the meeting.A.that you said B.which you saidC.what did you say D.what you said( )18.My friend asked me ______ .A.that who is girl B.who that girl wasC.who was that girl D.that girl was who(( )20.My teacher asked me ______ .A.who dictionary this was B.whose dictionary this wasC.whose dictionary was this D.who dictionary was this动词不定式用法动词不定式的基本形式是“to+动词原形”,有时可以不带to。