There are more similarities between English and ancient Chinese than between English and modern Chinese Avoid wordiness in C-E translation
Part B TWE 1.记忆犹新 记忆犹新 remain fresh in one's mind fresh in one's memory the memory is still young 2.耳目 耳目 eyes and ears 3.情侣装 情侣装 his-and -hers clothes
2) Changing the sentence structure of the original at will e.g.: Credulity throve ── it was night, and affirmation is boldest in dark. (Tactitus:Annals) [Radical recasting]夜间使人们容易轻 夜间使人们容易轻 在黑夜当中， 信，在黑夜当中， 人们肯定什么事 情的胆量都是最大的。 情的胆量都是最大的。 [Correct translation]轻信活跃起来了 轻信活跃起来了 ──这时已是夜间，人们在黑夜中是 这时已是夜间， 这时已是夜间 最容易冒冒失失地把假话当真的。 最容易冒冒失失地把假's teachers know they have to make lessons fastmoving and entertaining for children raised on television and computer games.
What can we learn
Part C. Lecture on Translation Theory and Skills Chapter V Methods of Translation I. Semantic Translation or literal translation Ⅱ. Free Translation or Communicative Translation 1. Communicative Translation and Its Advantages 2. Proper Communicative Translation ── An Effective Way for Promoting Cultural Exchange
1) Undue extending of the original meaning e.g.: He wanted to learn, to know, to teach. (Brian Crozier:De Gaule) [Radical recasting] 他渴望博学广闻 他渴望博学广闻, 喜欢追根穷源,并且好为人师 并且好为人师。 喜欢追根穷源 并且好为人师。 [Correct translation] 他想学习，想 他想学习， 增长知识， 增长知识， 也愿意把自己的知识 教给别人。 教给别人。
4) Abstracting cultural symbols of SL text in TL text e.g.: “There is not a finer fellow in the service.”Osborne said,“nor a better officer, though he is not an Adonis, certainly.”(Thackeray:Vanity Fair) [Radical recasting] 军队里谁 也比不上他的为人。 也比不上他的为人。他做军官 的本事也比人强。当然口罗， 的本事也比人强。当然口罗， 他不是美少年。
Part A CT
1. 子曰 学而不思则罔 思而 子曰:"学而不思则罔 学而不思则罔,思而 不学则殆." 不学则殆 *Learning without thinking is lost, thinking without learning is in danger Master said: " He who learns but does not think is lost. He who thinks but does not learn is in great danger."
3. 今天的教师懂得 他们给孩子们 今天的教师懂得,他们给孩子们 上课节奏要快,而且要有情趣 而且要有情趣,因 上课节奏要快 而且要有情趣 因 为这些孩子是在看电视和玩电脑 游戏的环境中长大的. 游戏的环境中长大的 Version 1:Today’s teachers know that if they teach children , they have to make their lessons fast- pacing and interesting because the children are raised in the situation of watching TV and playing computer games
2. 孟子言 养心莫善于寡欲 明 孟子言"养心莫善于寡欲 养心莫善于寡欲", 乎欲不可无也,寡之而已 寡之而已. 乎欲不可无也 寡之而已 Mencius says," For nourishing the mind there is nothing better than to decrease desires". His saying clearly suggests that human desires cannot be completely abstained but be made fewer.
② There is no smoke without some fire. [Radical recasting]无风不起浪。 无风不起浪。 无风不起浪 [Correct translation]无火不生烟。 无火不生烟。 无火不生烟 ③ This was one of the secrets of his great popularity; but it was a popularity which was as unsettled as the waves. It swelled and foamed for a while, only to recede, and be lost to its former possessor. (R.G.Gammage: History of the Chartist Movement)
Lesson Fourteen
Teaching purpose: To learn something more about free translation Focuses and difficulties: 1. Radically Free Translation 2. Combination of literal translation and free translation
Strictly speaking, it cannot be called translation because not only the form but also the content has been greatly changed, resulting in the much missing of the original cultural messages and the much adding of the cultural messages absent in the SL text. It can only bring about a very low degree of the informativeness of the cultural message transferred from the SL text.
3) Replacing cultural symbols of the SL with those of the TL e.g.:① In the kingdom of ① blind men the one-eyed man is king. [Radical recasting]山中无老虎， 山中无老虎， 山中无老虎 猴子称大王。 猴子称大王。 [Correct translation]在盲人的 在盲人的 王国里，独眼龙就是国王。 王国里，独眼龙就是国王。
And the higher the degree of the effectiveness of the transfer of the wrong cultural message, the worse the translation. The following are some of the types of radically free translation.
This was one of the secrets of his great popularity; but it was a popularity which was as unsettled as the waves. It swelled and foamed for a while, only to recede, and be lost to its former possessor. [Correct translation] 这就是他博得巨 大声望的一个秘决； 大声望的一个秘决；但是这种声望 如同波涛一样起伏不定， 如同波涛一样起伏不定，在一时之 间浪涛高涨，随后又潮退水落， 间浪涛高涨，随后又潮退水落，终 于在原来具有这种声望的人身上荡 然无存。 然无存。
③ This was one of the secrets of his great popularity; but it was a popularity which was as unsettled as the waves. It swelled and foamed for a while, only to recede, and be lost to its former possessor. [Radical recasting] 这就是他博得巨 大声望的一个秘决； 大声望的一个秘决；但是这种声 望如同波涛一样起伏不定。 望如同波涛一样起伏不定。它在 短暂的时间内，如日中天， 短暂的时间内，如日中天，盛极 一时，炙手可热， 一时，炙手可热，但转瞬之间又 烟消云散， 烟消云散，终于在原来有此声望 的人身上消失了。 的人身上消失了。