小学英语词汇专项一、词类1、名词(1)不可数名词都默认为单数,用“is”(2)可数名词复数变化规则:2、动词3、形容词:主要修饰名词或代词,“......的”。
4、副词:主要修饰动词或形容词,“.....地”,变副词一般+ly,如loudly、happily、well(good)5、代词(1)人称代词和物主代词:动词前用主格,动词后用宾格。
(2)指示代词:指近处this(这个)-these(这些);指远处that(那个)-those(那些)6、冠词:a、an、thean:用于元音音素(一般a、e、i、o、u)前。
the:表示某个或某些特定的人或东西。
7、数词基数词:表示数量,如one,two,three,four,five,six,seven,eight,nine,ten.eleven,twelve,thirteen,fourteen,fifteen,sixteen,seventeen,eighteen,nineteen.twenty ,thirty ,forty ,fifty,sixty,seventy,eighty,ninety.a hundred,a thousand,a million,a billion,one hundred and one.序数词:表示顺序,如first (1st) ,second (2nd) ,third (3rd) ,fourth (4th) ,fifth (5th) ,sixth (6th),seventh (7th) ,eighth (8th),ninth (9th),tenth (10th)....二、重点考点1.+动词原形can、let’s、do(do、does、don’t 、doesn’t、did\didn’t)、please、should、will、to后。
want to +动词原型,would like to + 动原,forget to + 动原,it’s time to + 动原。
2.+动词inglike/go + 动名词(V-ing)如:like eating ;go climbing ;go swimming ;go shopping ;go fishing 3.用动词过去式①有yesterday、last year/month/week、ten years ago、then、1880等过去时间标志;②发生在过去,没有时间标志。
如:海伦凯勒的事迹、神州5号升天等。
③and 并列,前一个动词或后一个动词用了过去式。
4.+可数名词复数①like +名词复数如:I like apples。
②How many 、different 、some、a lot of、lots of等。
③大于1的数词如two eggs。
5.same 前加the , 序数词前一定加the , 乐器前加the, 球类前不加the6.on、in、at时间:On+具体某天如:on Sunday (morning)。
In +早下晚/月/年如:in the morning/afternoon/evening。
At+时间点如:at six o'clock;at night。
地点:on the farm;on the desk;on your head…in +大地点(城市/国家):在......里如:in China;in the box;in the field。
at+小地点(学校/家/街道几号)如:at home;at school。
on在......上;under在......后;in在......里;behind在......后;between and 在......之间;7.some、anysome 用于肯定句或表示请求的疑问句,any 用于否定句或疑问句。
①I took some photos yesterday . Can I have some meat?②She doesn't have any books . Did he eat any bananas yesterday?8.动词后代词用宾格(动宾)如:join me。
介词后代词用宾格(介宾)如:with him。
形容词加名词(形名)如:a beautiful girl。
动词加副词(动副)如:dance beautifully。
9.There be 结构就近原则如:There is a teacher and some students in the classroom.10.be from;be busy/ free/ absent / late He is from China.11.不可数名词water\coffee\tea\milk\juice\bread\rice\food\fruit\paper\chocolate\fish\meat......12.缩写:am-’m如I am-I’m;is-’s,如he is-he’s,what is-what’s;are-’re,如they are-they’re;have-’ve,如I have got-I’ve got;has-’s,如she has got-she’s got;not-n’t,如was not-wasn’t;三、时态1、一般现在时(1)一般现在时中的be动词:一般用原形:am is aream用于第一人称单数(I);is用于第三人称单数(he she it和其他人名或称谓,如:Ben his sister等);are用于第二人称单数(you)和所有复数(包括第一人称复数we、第二人称复数you;第三人称复数they 和其他复数,如the children 、his parents等)。
(2)一般现在时中的动词:①主语是第三人称单数(he \she\it 和其他,如Helen\her cousin 等),动词后一般加s或es(详见后表)。
②主语不是第三人称单数,动词都用原形。
(3)一般现在时判断依据:△be动词是am、is、are ,动词用原形或加s、es△没有时间状语或有usually、often、everyday、sometimes等不是具体的时间。
2、现在进行时(1)构成形式:Be+动词的ing形式(2)判断依据:△一个句子中既有be动词,又有动词加了ing △句中往往有now、look、listen等词。
3、一般过去时(1)一般过去时中的be动词:am/is—was are—were(2)一般过去时中的动词:一般加d或ed,不规则变化,详见后表。
(3)一般过去时判断依据:①有yesterday、last year/month/week、ten years ago、then、1880等过去时间标志;②发生在过去,没有时间标志。
如:海伦凯勒的事迹、神州5号升天等。
③and 并列,前一个动词或后一个动词用了过去式。
4、一般将来时will / be going to +动词原形动词变化规则表动词过去式不规则变化am/is-was,are-were,do/does-did,have/has-had,, let-let, ,put-put,read-read,hurt-hurtgo-went,come-came,see-saw,say-said,give-gave,get-got,eat-ate,take-took,run-ran,make-made,write-wrote,draw-d rew,drink-drank,fly-flew,ride-rode,speak-spoke,swim-swam,sleep-slept,buy-bought,leave-left,teach–taught,tell-tol d,feel-felt,meet-met,find-found,forget-forgot,ring-rang,ride-rode,sing-sang/sung,begin-began,learn-learned/learnt,h ear-heard,keep-keptsit-sat,catch-caught,know-knew,stand-stood,think-thought,mean-meant,drive-drove,grow-grew小学英语句子专项一、改复数1、is变成are was变成were。
2、one或a变成some。
3、可数名词变成复数形式,不可数名词不变。
例:There is a book on the desk.——There are some books on the desk.二、改否定句1、看句中有无be(am、is、are、was、were),如有,be+ not。
2、看句中有无情态动词can(could)、will(would),如有,情态动词后+ not。
3、无上,就加do(do、does、did),应用助动词+ not。
主语+do+not+动词原形+其它。
4、注意:some变any,have got的否定形式为haven't got。
例:①There were some trees behind the house.——There weren't any trees behind the house.②Lili has got some stamps from England.——Lili hasn't got any stamps from England.③Tom did his homework last night.——Tom didn't do his homework last night.三、改一般疑问句1、看句中有无be动词,如有,把be动词提到句首即可。
2、看句中有无情态动词can(could)、will(would),如有,把情态动词提到句首即可。
3、无上,就加do(do、does、did)。
Do+主语+动词原形+其它?4、注意:I变成you,you变成I,sb. have/has got改为have/has sb. got。
例:①Daming can play basketball very well.——Can Daming play basketball very well?②I have a book about sports.——Do you have a book about sports?四、划线提问特殊疑问句1、分析划线成分,选择相应疑问词。
2、有be\can\will则照写,无则加do(do、does、did),加do后动词用原型。
3、其它基本照写。
4、注意:I变you,some变any,根据句意添加go、do。