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阅读理解解题思路(叶文斌)

英语阅读理解题中标题选择题的解题思路(一)一、干扰项的特征1. 夸大事实——对于原文中的细节或论断的某方面程度进行了夸大处理;2. 以偏概全——概括范围太窄,只含有局部信息;3. 推理过头——引申过度,使结论过于绝对化;4. 无中生有——捏造原文并不存在的信息,并以此作为依据进行推理。

二、正确项的特征1. 正确项含有抽象名词或概括性词语;2. 正确项一般不会出现细节信息,不含过分肯定或绝对意义的词语;3. 那些概括全文、内容全面、含义深刻、说明道理的选项往往是正确的答案;4. 四个选项中,内容相近或完全相反的两个选项中往往有一个正确答案。

三、解题技巧1. 利用主题段来概括标题。

一篇文章的第一段或最后一段往往很重要,因为第一段经常提出文章的主题或最后一段总结文章的主题,知道了文章的主题也就知道了文章的中心,把中心浓缩成一句话或一个短语——文章的标题。

2. 利用主题句来概括标题。

最简单有效的方法是仔细研究文章开头的第一、第二句,因为它们经常是文章的主题句;然后快速浏览文章结尾句。

我们可以通过寻找文章的主题句,并对主题句进行概括和提炼,从而轻松地确定文章的标题。

3. 段落中出现转折时,如therefore, thus, but, however, in fact, in short等文字提示,该句可4. 首段出现疑问句时,对该疑问句的解答就是文章的主旨。

5. 作者有意识的重复的观点,通常是主旨;反复出现的词语,一般为体现文章主旨的关键词。

6. 逆向思维法,针对这类题型,考生不妨思考一下,“如果我是作者,遇到这样的标题,文章应该写什么内容”。

英语阅读理解题中推理判断选择题的解题思路(二)一、推理判断题定义推理判断题主要考查考生在理解全文的基础上,从文章本身所提供的信息出发,运用逻辑思维,同时借助一定的常识进行分析、推理、判断的能力。

推理判断题属于主观性较强的高层次阅读理解题,在近年高考中所占比例有逐渐加大的趋势。

命题方式在推理判断题题干中常含有表示表明、暗示、推论等词汇,如infer,imply,suggest,conclude,learn,intend,mean,show等;有时提问中含有表示推测的情态动词,如can,could,might,would 等和其他表示可能性的词,如probably,most likely,seem等。

二、阅读推理判断题类型1. 推断隐含意义 The second paragraph indicates the importance of ________.2. 推断作者观点或态度 What does the author think of her mother’s English now?3. 推断写作目的The author intends to____________.4. 推断文章出处This text is most probably taken from a ______.5. 推断人物的观点、情感、品性Rae Armantrout’s colleagues think that she________.6. 推断读者对象或文章的作者7. 推断作者的情感How did the author probably feel after he talked with his friend?三、推理判断题的提问形式和标志性词语1. 推断隐含意义It can be inferred from the text that________________________.The story indicates that______________________.标志性词语:infer, indicate, suggest, imply, conclude...2. 推断作者观点或态度What does the author think of __________________?What's the author's attitude toward_______________________?In the author's opinion, _________________________.标志性词语:according to the writer, attitude, think, opinion, consider... 3. 推断写作目的What is the author's main purpose in this passage?In the passage the author wants to tell__________________________.The article is intended to ____________________________________________.标志性词语:purpose, intend to, show, want ...4. 推断文章出处Where would this passage most probably appear?The passage is most likely a part of ______________.标志性词语:be taken from, appear, a part of, be taken out of ...5. 推断人物的观点、情感、品性Sb think that _________________.What do we know/learn about sb in the text?How did …feel about…?标志性词语:attitude, learn form, know from, feel about ...6. 推断读者对象或文章的作者Who probably wrote the letter?Who is the passage written for?Who are the intended readers of the passage?标志性词语:the intended reader, writer, author…7. 推断作者的情感How does the author feel about_______________?The writer probably feels that______________________.标志性词语:feel, feel about...四、推理判断题的注意事项1. 如何推断隐含意义做这类推理题时,要注意以下几点:首先,一定要以文章提供的事实和线索为依据,立足已知,推断未知;其次,要全面分析已知信息,进行深层处理,不能就事论事,断章取义,以偏概全;最后,答案一般要依靠合理推理得出,而不能只选择文章中直接表述的信息为答案。

2. 如何推断态度和观点作者的态度、观点、意图往往隐含在文章的字里行间,或流露于修饰的词语之中,考生应学会揣测和体会。

在推断过程中,应特别注意文中作者的措辞,尤其是表达感情色彩的形容词。

千万不能主观臆想,凭空想象,随意揣测,更不能以自己的观点代替作者的观点。

3. 如何推断写作目的推测作者的写作目的,必须要先了解文章的主题,然后分析作者的论述方法、论述的重点和材料的安排。

故事类记叙文的目的通常是娱乐读者(to entertain);广告类应用文的目的一般是推销产品或服务(to persuade);议论文的目的是要阐述论点(to argue);科普、文化类说明文的目的大多是介绍知识,帮助大家广闻博见(to inform)。

4. 如何推断文章出处做这类推理题时,最重要的是要抓住各段的段落大意和文章的中心思想,这是推理的前提和基础。

5. 如何推断人物性格做这类题时一定要注意准确把握字里行间的意思,特别是要注意表达情感色彩、主观态度和个人观点的词语对推断人物性格的主导作用。

6.如何推算数据解答此类题,关键是要善于捕捉有关数字的信息,然后在透彻理解原文的字面意义和题意的基础上,运用自己的数学知识,对其进行分析、推算,从而得出正确的结论。

五、推断题的最高解题思想(一)立足原文,只推一步例:09年江苏卷B篇P3:I handed her my boots and stuck out my foot. Like most childre n,I expected the adult to do all the work. After much wiggling an d pushing,she managed to get first one into place and then,with a sigh,worked the second one on too.(第一次穿)P4:I announced,“They ‘re on the wrong feet.”With the grace that only experience can br ing,she struggled to get the boots off and went through the joyless tas k of putting them on again.(第二次穿)Then I said,“These aren’t my boots. you know.”As she pulled the offending boots from my f eet,she still managed to look both helpful and interested.Once they were off,I said,“They are my brother ‘s boots.My mother makes me wear them,and I hate them!”Somehow,from long years of practice,she managed to act as though I wasn’t an annoying little girl.She pushed and shoved,less gently this t ime,and the boots were returned to their proper place on my feet.(第三次穿)With a great sigh of relief,seeing the end of her struggle with m e,she asked,“Now,where are your gloves?”P5:I looked into her eyes and said. “I didn ‘t want to lose them. so I put them into the toes of my boots.”62.It can be inferred that before the little girl finally went out to enjoy the first snow of winter,the teacher had to help her p ut on her boots_____________.A. onceB. twiceC. three timesD. four times妙语点睛:此题问的是,在小女孩出去玩雪之前,老师要和她穿几次靴子。

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