英语句子成分和英语句子结构讲解及练习 主语（subject ）:句子说明的人或事物。
The sun rises in the east. （名词） Tvventy years is a short time in history.（数词） To see is to believe ・（不定式）It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree. （It 形式主语，主语从句是真正主 语）谓语（predicate ）:说明主语的动作、状态和特征。
表语（predicative ）:系动词之后的成分，表示主语的性质、状态和特征。
Seventy-four! You don' t look it.（代词）Five and five is ten.（数词） He is asleep.（形容词） His father is in. （副词） The picture is on the wall.（介词短语）My v/atch is gone / missing / lost. （形容词化的分词） To v/ear a flower is to say " I' m poor, I can' t buy a ring.（不；卫式）The question is v/hether they vnll come.（表语从句）常见的系动词有：be, sound （听起来），look （看起来），feel （摸起来，smell （闻起来）,taste （尝、吃起来）， remain （保持，仍是）,feel （感觉）・・・宾语:1） 动作的承受者动宾I like China.（名词） He hates you.（代词） How many do you need? We need two ・（数词）We should help the old and the poor. I enjoy working with you. （动需词）I hope to see you again.（不立式） Did you write dov/n v/hat he said?（宾语从句） 2） 介词后的名词、代词和动名词…介宾 Are you afraid of the snake? Under the snow, there are many rocks ・ 3） 双宾语…-间宾（指人）和直宾（指物）He gave me a book yesterday.Give the poor man some money.宾补：对宾语的补充，全称为宾语补足语。
We elected him monitor. （名词） We all think it a pity that she didn' t come here.（名） We will make them happy.（形容词）We found nobody in.（副词）We study English.He is asleep.He likes dancing. Seeing is believing ・ What he needs is a book.（代词） （动名词） （主语从He is a teacher.（名词）It sou nds a good idea ・ Her voice sounds sweet ・ The food smells delicious. The door remains open.The sou nd sounds stra nge. Tbm looks thin. The food tastes good ・ Nov/1 feel tired.Please make yourself at home.介词短语）Don' t let him do that.（省to 不定式）His father advised him to teach the lazy boy a lesson.（带to 不定式）Don* t keep the lights burning・（现在分词）K U have my bike repaired.（过去分词）主补：对主语的补充。
He vzaselected monitor.She v/as found singing in the next room.He vzas advised to teach the lazy boy a lesson ・・ rr365・ 定语：修饰或限制名词或代词的词、词组或句子。
Ai Yarding is a chemistry teacher.（名词） He is our friend.（代词）We belong to the third v/orld ・（数词） He v/as advised to teach the lazy boy a lesson.（形 容词）The man over there is my old friend.（畐ij 词） The v/oman v/ith a baby in her arms is my sister.（介 词） The boys playing football are in Class 2・（现在分词）The trees planted last year are grov/ing well nov/.（过去分词）I have an idea to do it v/elL（不左式）You should do everything that I do.（农语从句）状语：用来修饰V., adj., adv., or 句子。
表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、程度、条件、方式和让步。
（以下例句按上述顺序排列）I will go there tomorrov/. meetingroom ・The meat went bad because of the hot v/eather. He didn't study hard so that he failed in the exam. If you study hard, you will pass the exam.Though he is young, he can do it well.句子结构简单句的五个基本句型 主语 + 不及物动词 She came. / My head aches.主语+及物动词+宾语 She likes English. 主语+系动词+表语She is happy.主语+双宾动词+间接宾语+直接宾语She gave John a book ・ She bought a book for me.主语+宾补动词 + 宾语 + 宾语补语She nlakes her mother angry ・The teacher asked me to read the passage ・ （There +be There lies a book on the desk ・ ）Exercises分析下列句子成分1 ・ Our school is not far from my home. 2. It is a great pleasure to talk with you 3. All of us considered him honest. shoes ・The meeting will be held in the He studies hard to learn English well. I like some of you very much ・ He goes to school by bike ・4. My grandfather bought me a pair of sports6. He made 让 clear that he v/ould leave the city.9. They pushed the door open.10. Grandma told me an interesting story last night.・ He v/rote carefully some letters to his friends.12. V/e need a place twice larger than this one.15. Don't get nervous .help yourself to what you like ・ 16. We will make our school more beautiful. 17. He didn't come ・ That is v/hy he didn't know. 18. She showed us her many of her pictures. 19. The old man lives a lonely life ・20. Luckily the 1989 earthquake did not happen in the center of tov/n ・ 21 ・ The cars made in Japan are better than those in Germany.22. There are so many people in the hall that it's hard for me to find him. 23. No matter how difficult the task may be, we must fulfil it this month. 24. Go back where you came from ・ 25. We must do whatever the people want us todo.28 Mary handed her homev/ork to the teacher. 29. Do you know the latest news about him?30. I'll get my hair cut tomorrow.翻译练习:3那天早上我们谈了很多。
4会议将持续两个小时。
5在过去的十年里，我的家乡已经发生了巨大的变化。
6这种事情全世界各地每天都在发生。
7 1919年，在北京爆发了 “五•四”运动。
主谓结构（主语+不及物动词）1你应当努力学习。
2她昨天回家很晚。
5. He broke a piece of glass. 7.-I love you more than her, child ・& Tees turn green v/hen spring comes. 14. He asked us to sing an English song.26. At last he got home, tired and hungry.27. V/ould you please pass me the cup?8每天八时开始上课。