1.have1）have sb/sth do sth “让某人/物做某事”,宾语sb/sth和宾补do之间为主动. 如：Mum often has me help do some housework.2）have sb/sth doing sth “让某人/物一直/总是做某事”,宾语sb/sth和宾补do之间为主动,且强调动作一直进行.如：Don't have the machine working all the time.3）have sb/sth done “让某人/物被...”,宾语sb/sth和宾补do之间为被动关系. 如：I had my hair cut yesterday.2.get1）get sb/sth to do sth“使得某人/物去做某事”,宾语sb/sth和宾补do之间为主动关系,且动作尚未发生.如：Can you get us to do the experiment?你能让我们做这个试验吗?2）get sb/sth doing sth “使得某人/物正在做某事”,宾语sb/sth和宾补do之间是主动关系,且动作正在发生.如：He has got the car starting.3）get sb/sth done “使得某人/物被...”,宾语sb/sth和宾补do之间是被动关系. 如：I must get my bike repaired.3.makemake sb/sth do sth “使得某人/物做某事”,宾语sb/sth和宾补do之间是主动关系. 如：His joke made us all laugh.Unit 1 Great scientists ?1. (v.)检查( inspect, check)2. (vt.& vi.) 推断出，结束3. (vt.) 分析( n. analysis)4. (vt.& n．) 打败；战胜，使受挫；失败(beat)5. (vt.) 出席，护理，照顾，参加6. (vt.) 暴露，揭露，使曝光(uncover,unmask, undress,reveal )7. (vt.& n．) 治愈，治疗；痊愈8. (v.) 控制9. (vt.) 吸收，吸引；使专心10. (vt.& n) 责备，谴责；过失，责备(criticize, scold,accuse 反praise)11. (adv.) 立即12. (n.& v．) 把手；处理，操纵(deal with)13. (vt.& vi.) 贡献，捐献，捐助14. (v.) 完成(finish)15. (vt.) 拒绝，抛弃，不接受(refuse/ abandon)16 . (n.) 特征，特性17. (adj.) 严重的(serious)，严厉的，剧烈的18. (adj.) 积极的，肯定的，确实的(同active/ optimistic/supportive) (反negative, passive/pessimistic/opposed/object to)19. (adj.) 热情的，热心的(n. enthusiasm)20 . (adj.) 小心的，谨慎的(n. caution) (be~ about)1．得出结论2．提出3．另外,除了4．应受到责备5．对……严格的6．将……和……联系或连接起来7．导致8．讲得通，有意义9．使显露，暴露10. 有助于，导致11. 全神贯注于1．So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak .（5th line)此处every time 引导时间状语从句，相当于whenever, 指“每当........”(状元桥P116-117)可作连词用的名词词组1，The +瞬间名词（instant, minute , moment)2，The +序数词（first,second.......)+ time,3，不定代词（each,every, any)+ time4，The day (week,month, year,........)此外，有些副词，如directly，instantly，immediately 也可引导状语从句,意为“一.......就.......”Exercise :1._______________________________to his hometown(每次他回到家乡）,he will visit his teacher. （come）2.————————————————(第一次我见到她），I fell in love with her. （see)3.________________________________(你一按按钮）, the machine will start.(moment)4.He visited his old friend___________________(他到达的那一天）（arrive）5. He turned on the TV ____________________(他一回到家）（immediately)关于time 的其他用法：1.for the first time 是介词短语，作时间状语，而the first time 是连词，引导时间状语从句如：I met him in the party for the first time.2.It/This/That is/was the first time that.......如果用is,则从句用现在完成时，如果用was,则用过去完成时如：It is the first time that——————(我来到中国）It was the first time that——————（我见到他）3.It is (high/about time) that.......从句用一般过去时如：It is high time that—————————（我们采取措施）to protect our enviroment.(measure)measure)2.It seemed that the water was to blame.(25th line)表达“好像，似乎”的句型It seems/appears that.........It seems /appears/looks as if........（真实/虚拟）Sb/sth seems/appears to do/be ..........sb/sth seems/appears +adj/n.(系表结构）Exercise:他似乎很聪明1,_________________ he is clever.He _____________________.He ______________________.2,It seems as if ___________________(天要下雨了）.3,It seemed as if the pen ________________（断了）when we put it in the water ，but actually it wasn’t.(break)(2012 湖北真题）4,Things aren’t always_____________________（appear）.事情往往不是它们看上去那样。

4,Neither its cause nor its cure was understood. (5th line) Neither..........nor.........既不.........也不.........谓语遵循就近原则，类似的还有：either........or......... Not only.......but also........... , not.......but........., There be.........., neither /nor 为否定词，置于句首时句子要部分倒装Exercise : (状元桥P116）5,If y ou don’t take part in the meeting,_________________ (我也不参加）.(neither) 6,In fact, I didn’t know his total income. ______________________(我也不在乎）how his money was spent. (neither)7,Neither the players nor the coach_________________victory,which may be the reason for their loss.(confident).8,A woman, who..........., liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day.(42nd line)So/ such .......that........ 如此.......以致于.......So/such 置于句首时要用部分倒装如：————————————(这个地方如此美丽）that I would never forget it. (beautiful)have sth done :让某事被做或表示遭遇如：1.----- where is your computer?--------___________________(我送去修了）in the computer shop.(repair)2.我的钱包被偷了。

___________________(steal)John Snow suggested that the source of all the water supplies be examined. (46th line)常用（should）+ do 在名词性从句中构成虚拟语气的动词一坚持：insist二命令：order , command三建议：advise, suggest, propose四要求：request, require, demand , desire ,( urge )如：1. The teacher requested that all the exam papers_________________ (上交）tomorrow.( hand)It was advised that _________________________(他保持健康的饮食）long time ago , but he didn’t listen . (keep)1.conclude vt.& vi.断定，推断；使结束，终止；达成，缔结（con 全部+clude→全部关掉→结论）include v 包括（in 进入+clude→关进去→包括）2.conclusion n．结束，结论3.in conclusion最后，总之=in a word=in short/brief4.arrive at/come to/draw/reach a conclusion得出结论e to the conclusion that...所得结论是…1.Richardson_______from his studies that gender equality is still a long way off. (状元桥P114）A accountedB concludedC resultedD confirmed2. ___________________ the earthquake led to the great disaster in Japan.(conclude) (状元桥P114）结论是那次地震造成了日本的巨大灾难。