Practical English:收入新版汉英大词典的时髦英语热点词汇
电脑满屏的新词新语房奴、山寨、宅男、卧槽族不知不觉中,这些反映社
会焦点热点的新生词汇正在为越来越多的人所熟悉,也对传统翻译提出新
的挑战。尤其是在与国际接轨日益紧密的今天,寻求权威准确的译法已成
为文化交流中的迫切需要。上海译文出版社近日推出的《汉英大词典》(第
3版),收纳了有时代特色的流行新词的规范译法。本次第3版团队汇集北
京、上海、天津、南京、沈阳、大连、苏州、扬州、连云港等地20余所
高校以及新华社、外文出版局的近百名专家学者,对原词典作了精心的修
订。正如序言中指出,在中国与世界文化对话日频,既要避免双方误读,
又要争取话语权的今天,这样一部汉英词典可望发挥相当的作用。在新兴
文化迅速发展的背景下,语言类工具书的编纂面临着巨大考验,首当其冲
的就是如何保持词汇新鲜度的问题。第3版列入了反应社会焦点的新名词,
如婚奴(wedding slave),房奴(mortgage slave),宅男(Otaku),宅女
(Otaku girl),卧槽族(job-hugging clan),赖校族(campus dwellers),
等;有网络流行用语,如躲猫猫(hide-and-seek),闪孕(quick pregnancy),
山寨版(cheap copy),装嫩(act young) 婚奴 wedding slaveIn some
Chinese cities, especially large ones like Shanghai, quite a few
young couples run into deep debt after throwing a luxurious wedding
well beyond their means. So, after the marriage, the newly-weds have
to slave away to pay off all the bills.婚奴是指因结婚的巨额花费(房
子、婚宴等)而造成生活陷入困境的人。婚奴这个词,是从房奴借鉴来的。
这两个词有点类似。都是压在当今人们身上的几座大山之一。 中国人结
婚不怕花钱。不包括买车买房,仅仅是筹办婚礼,人们就愿意拿出大约1
/3的积蓄。现在年轻人结婚费用越来越高,其实大多数都不是由他们埋
单,而是由双方家庭出钱,尤其是现在都市里独生子女结婚,更是由双方
家庭全力支持。难怪结婚狂们不怕当婚奴,原来这个接力棒基本都交给了
老爸老妈。房奴 house slave "house slave" refers to the group of
people who have to spend a large part of their family income on a
mortgage. Although they have bought a house or flat, their life is
not easy. In order to pay off the mortgage they dare not easily change
their job, dare not spend on entertainment, dare not travel, worry
about falling ill and losing their job, let alone enjoy life. They
have become slaves to the mortgage on their house or flat. 随着
中国大中城市房价的上涨,这个别具时代特征的新名词房奴(house slave)
就此诞生了。这个词用来形容通过贷款购房的一部分人,由于购房支出过
大而给自身的生活造成极大的经济和心理压力的生活状态。这些人为了还
清房贷,不敢轻易换工作、不敢娱乐、不敢旅游,担心生病和失业,更不
用说享受生活了,成了房贷的奴隶。御宅族(罗马音:otaku)常直接称为
otaku,一般指对ACG(动画,漫画,游戏的总称)具有超出一般人知识面,
鉴赏,游玩能力的特殊群体,是究级ACG爱好者的代名词。目前,OTAKU
一词早已作为1个世界公认的词汇,被收录入各大英语词典中(如上海交
大出版的英汉大词典,牛津大学出版的各类牛津词典)在权威词典中,
OTAKU的定义为:(日本的)计算机迷,网虫。但这只是1个较为狭义的
定义,实际上,OTAKU一词的覆盖面是很广的,在世界范围内,被公认为
最出名的OTAKU:日本前任首相麻生太郎就是1个因热爱ACG而被冠以宅
男首相称号的OTAKU。卧槽族 job-hugging clanA twist on the Chinese
word for "job hopping," this term means "job-hugging" as many people
now cling to their current jobs because companies no longer hire
new staff due to global economic crisis.所谓卧槽族,是指在职业生
涯中,立足做好手头工作,在选定的岗位上扎实工作,不愿冒险跳槽的职
场人士。赖校族 campus dwellersIt refers to those who have already
graduated from college but choose to stay on campus, scared by the
bleak job market and wanting to live on campus at a low cost.它
是指那些已经从大学毕业,但选择留在校园里,害怕凄凉的就业市场,低
成本在校园里生活。躲猫猫 hide-and-seekThe mysterious death of Li
Qiaoming, 24, who allegedly died of a head injury while playing a
"hide-and-seek" game with fellow detainees, sparked wide
discussions and doubts over the Internet.24岁的李乔明在狱中离奇
死亡,而所谓的他在与其他狱友玩躲猫猫游戏时受伤致死的说法在网络上
激起了众多质疑和热议。躲猫猫,即捉迷藏,是一个儿童游戏,从字面上
来看可以译作hiding from the cat,常见的英文译法为hide-and-seek,
在美国这个游戏则叫做cops-and-robbers。一个儿童游戏竟然成为导致一
个人死亡的原因,难怪会有那么多人质疑呢。闪孕 quick pregnancyIt
refers to some white-collar women who get pregnant in a hurry to
avoid being fired. Chinas labor law prevents a company from firing
a pregnant employee unless the company is insolvent.闪孕,即突击
怀孕、将生子计划提前,是一些白领为躲避经济危机中的裁员风险,突击
怀孕。根据劳动法规定:女员工在孕期、产期、哺乳期间如果被裁,可以
申请劳动仲裁,要求单位经济补偿。这就是职场女性突击怀孕的最大理由。
山寨版 cheap copyThis term is widely used to describe cheap copies
of any known products, programs, events or even architecture. It
was first applied to cheap imitations of brand name cell phones and
now it refers to an inexpensive copy of anything that's well known
or popular.指任何知名产品的廉价拷贝。山寨版是因为山寨版手机流行
起来的,现在是指任何一种众所周知或流行的产品的便宜版本。装嫩 act
youngSome people, particularly middle-aged women, try to wear
clothes, use language and flash gestures and act in a way that is
more suitable to people of a much younger age. They are described
as "pretending to be tender," as this Chinese term means literally.
有些人,特别是中年妇女,在穿衣服,使用语言的方式,手势姿态和行为
上像一个更年轻的人所为。他们被描述为冒充娇嫩。