2010高考二轮复习英语学案专题六动词时态和语态【典例精析】1.（2008全国I卷，27）—Have you known Dr. Jackson for a long time?—Yes, since she ______ the Chinese Society.A. has joinedB. joinsC. had joinedD. joined【解析】D句意：—你认识Dr. Jackson好久时间了吗? —是的，自从她加入汉语协会我就认识她。
Since 自从......以来，引导时间状语从句，强调过去认识时的时间，第一句话所用的现在完成时是判断该句子时态的重要依据。
2.（2008辽宁卷,23）We first met on a train in 2000. We both felt immediately that we ______ each other for years.A. knewB. have knownC. have knownD. know【解析】C句意：在2000年我们第一次在火车上相遇。
我俩同时立刻赶到彼此认识多年了。
根据题干第二句可知主句为过去时，而that 引导的宾语从句的谓语动词又发生在主句动词之前，即为过去的过去，故用过去完成时来表示。
3.（2008天津卷，14）He _____ football regularly for many years when he was young.A. was playingB. playedC. has playedD. had played【解析】D句意：他年轻的时候踢了多年的足球。
句中的when he was young是表示过去的时间状语。
题干中没有强调在过去的某个时间段正在发生某事，故排除A项；句中也没有信息词强调对现在造成的影响或与现在的联系，故排除C项；句中也没有以过去的某个时间点或动作点作为参照，故排除D项。
4.（09北京）27. The way the guests ___ in the hotel influenced their evaluation of the service.A. treatedB. were treatedC. would treatD. would be treated【解析】B考查时态和语态的用法。
The guests 与treat之间是被动的关系，并且动作已经发生，所以用一般过去时的被动形式。
5.（09天津）2. My parents _____ in Hong Kong. They were born there and have never lived anywhere else.A. liveB. livedC. were livingD. will live【解析】A考查时态。
后句意思“他们出生在香港，从来没有去过别的地方”，由此可知前句“一直在香港住”，时态用一般现在时，说明事实，故选A。
6.（09福建）6 -Why does the Lake smell terrible?-Because large quantities of water .A. have pollutedB. is being pollutedC. has been pollutedD. have been polluted【解析】D考查动词时态，语态和主谓语一致。
根据前一分句可知所填动词表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响，时态用现在完成时，动词与主语是被动关系，用被动语态。
主语是large quantities of water，其中心词是quantities，是复数，谓语动词用复数，选D。
7.（09福建）7. According to the literary review, Shakespeare his charities live through their language in his plays.A. will makeB. had madeC. was makingD. makes【解析】D考查动词时态。
题干是陈述一个客观真理，用一般现在时，选D。
8.（09湖南）8．Would you please keep silent? The weather report and _________I want to listen.A. is broadcastB. is being broadcastC. has been broadcastD. had been broadcast【解析】B考查时态和语态。
句意为：请保持安静行吗? 我想听正在广播的天气报告。
说话间正在发生的动作，应用进行时同时表示被动含义。
故选B。
9（09湖南）9.— The food here is nice enough.— My friend ______ me a right place.A. introducesB. introducedC. had introducedD. was introducing【解析】B考查时态的用法。
句意为：——这里的食物不错。
——我的朋友介绍给我一个正确的地方。
表示过去的行为。
10.（09江西）10. At present, one of the apartments in favor of the new airport ________ that it will going a lot jobs to the area.A. isB. areC. will beD. were【解析】A本题考查时态的用法。
根据at present =now 可知，应用一般现在时。
11.（09江西）11. ------- What is the price of petrol these days-------Oh, it ______ sharply since last month.A. is raisedB. has risenC. has arisenD. is increased【解析】B本题考查时态的用法。
根据since last month 可知应用现在完成时。
12.（09江西）12. ---Do you want a lift home?---It’s very kind of you, but I have a much late in the office. I overslept this morn ing because my morning clock _______.A. doesn’t go offB. won’t goneC. wasn’t going offD. didn’t go on【解析】D本题考查时态的用法。
根据I overslept this morning 可知应用一般过去时。
13.（09海南）13. His sister left home in 1998, and since.A. had not been heard ofB. has not been heard ofC. had not heard ofD. has not heard of【解析】B句意为：他的妹妹在1998年离开家，自从那时就没有音讯了。
用现在完成时的否定结构。
14.（09海南）14. Edward, you play so well. But I you played the piano.A. didn’t knowB. hadn’t kno wnC. don’t knowD. haven’t known【解析】A句意为：爱德华,你打得好。
但我不知道你弹钢琴。
所谈论的是指过去行为，故用过去式。
15.（09山东）15. The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities ________ rising steadily since1990.A. isB. areC. has beenD. have been【解析】C本题考查主谓一致和时态，主语是the number故谓语动词用单数，又因时间状语是since 1997所以用完成时态。
16.（09山东）16. I was out of town at the time, so I don’t know exactly how it _______.A. was happeningB. happenedC. happensD. has happened【解析】B本题考查具体语境中的时态，后一句隐藏的时间状语是at the time.【专题突破】动词时态和语态做题技巧如下：1. 根据题干中的时间标志词选择时态动词时态须与句中时间状语一致。
高考题常在题干中加入具体情景,以测试考生对动词时态知识的实际运用能力。
因此敏锐捕捉时间标志词,并结合具体的语境,选择出正确的动词时态。
2. 根据主从句时态呼应的原则选择时态近年来的高考试题一般不再单纯考查主从句的时态呼应,而是将其放在真实的并且符合实际的语境中进行考查,也会结合强调结构等其它语法现象进行考查。
考生在根据时态呼应原则解题时,要把握好以下几点：①在时间、条件等状语从句中,用一般现在时态表示一般将来时态,一般过去时态表示过去将来时态,用现在完成时态表示将来完成时态。
②正确认定主句动词及从句动词两个动作发生的时间,并认真体会命题者所给出的语境。
③解答宾语从句与主句时态呼应题时,考生应熟知以下规则: 如果主句动词为现在时态,则从句动词可根据需要使用任何时态，如果主句动词为过去时态,则从句动词须用合适的过去的某种时态(表示客观真理时使用一般现在时态)。
3. 根据具体的语言环境选择时态近年来高考试题对时态考查的要求越来越高,大部分试题趋向情境化、实际化。
考生要捕捉信息,理解情境,综合运用,灵活答题。
1．So far this year we ____ a fall in house prices by between 5 and 10 percent.A. sawB. seeC. had seenD. have seen2．Scientists think that the continents ______ always where they ______ today. A．aren’t; are B．aren’t; wereC．weren’t; are D．weren’t; were3．They ______ on the program for almost one week before I joined them, and now we _____ on it as no good results havecome out so far.A．had been working; are still working B．had worked; were still working C．have worked; were still working D．have worked; are still working4．The country life he was used to _______ greatly since 1992.A．change B．has changed C．changing D．have changed5．With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth ______ each year.A．is washing away B．is being washed awayC．are washing away D．are being washed away6．--________David and Vicky ________married?--For about three years．A．How long were；being B．How long have；gotC．How long have；been D．How long did；get7．When the old man _______ to walk back to his house, the sun ______ itself behind the mountain.A．started; had already hidden B．had started; had already hiddenC．had started; was hiding D．was starting; hid8．If their marketing plans succeed, they ____ their sales by 20 percent.A. will increaseB. have been increasingC. have increasedD. would be increasing9．They ______ on the program for almost one week before I joined them, and now we ______ on it as no good results have come out so far.A．had been working; are still working B．had worked; were still workingC．have worked; were still working D．have worked; are still working10．As soon as he comes back, I’ll tell him when _______ and see him.A．you will come B．will you come C．you come D．do you come11．We first met on a train in 2000. We both felt immediately that we ______ each other for years.A. knewB. have knownC. had knownD. know12．I got caught in the rain and my suit____.A. has ruinedB. had ruinedC. has been ruinedD. had been ruined13．The hero’s story differently in the newspapers.A．was reported B．was reporting C．reports D．reported14．Now that she is out of job, Lucy ______ going back to school, but she hasn’t decided yet.A．had considered B．has been considering C．considered D．is going to consider参考答案及解析1.【解析】D 根据时间状语so far可知道用现在完成时，故选D2.【解析】C本题考查时态。