第七章倒装第一节基本知识与基本概念【什么是倒装】倒装是英语中很有意思的一种通过改变句子主语和谓语的正常顺序来表达特殊的意思或达到修辞目的的手段。

英语句子的基本语序是“主语＋谓语”，如果将谓语置于主语之前，这种语序就叫做倒装。

【倒装的类型】倒装句分完全倒装和部分倒装两种情况。

完全倒装指整个谓语都提前到主语之前，但如果主语为代词而不是名词时，主语和谓语并不倒装。

例如：Here comes the bus. (全部倒装)Here you are. （因为主语是代词you，所以没有倒装）部分倒装指将谓语中的一部分，如助动词、情态助动词或系动词be放在主语的前面，其余部分仍在主语后面。

例如：Only in this way can we make more contributions to our hometown.【倒装怎么实现？】动词倒装的方法一般是：１、动词be和主语颠倒进行倒装；（完全倒装和部分倒装通用）例如：Here is a book for you.Only until recently was I aware of the new situation.２、如果谓语动词中有助动词、情态助动词，则将它们与主语颠倒,实现部分倒装。

例如：Hardly had we started when they told us to stop.Tom can beat Jack in tennis and so can you.Often have I told you not to touch anything in my lab!３、如果谓语动词是行为动词，其前面既无助动词也没有情态助动词，则用助动词do 进行倒装。

例如：Little does he know about Chinese history.Jill didn’t follow the teacher’s order and neither did anyone else. 【高考怎么考倒装？】倒装考点在高考中属于次要考点，并不是每年都必然要考查。

但从有限的高考原题中，我们还是能够明显感觉到，部分倒装的重要性比完全倒装大第二节具体考点解析【考点一、什么情况下需要完全倒装？】通常情况下，能引起完全倒装的有三种情况：１、There be 结构There be 结构及其各种变体就是我们接触最早的，也是我们最熟悉的一种完全倒装。

例如：There used to be a temple in the forest.There are many people in front of the city hall.There lived a very smart king.There may be some possibility that we can be chosen for the task.由于很明显的原因，there be结构出现在高考题目中一般不会以考查倒装为目的。

２、当直接引语放在句首时，谓语动词应该完全放在主语之前。

例如：“You must be joking!”, shouted my wife.“No way”, said my boss coldly.“He is the last man I want to see”, answered the boy.由于受到本身条件的限制，这种情况也很难以高考题的形式出现。

３、当方位副词here, there, up, down, in, out, away等出现在句子的开头时；或表示方位或方向的介词短语位于句首时。

例如：Up went the rocket.Down came the plane.Out rushed the little boy.Away went Tom.In came our headmaster.Here comes the bus.There goes the bell.On the top of the hill stands an old tree.In front of the house sat a small boy.注意，这才是真正能出题的一种完全倒装形式。

但限制也比较多，除了三条通用的主语必须是名词不能是代词一条外，它还要求谓语必须是不及物动词。

因为，如果后面的动词有宾语，动词提前的话，句子结构就很尴尬了。

【考点二、否定副词放在句首时的倒装】含有否定含义的词hardly, scarcely, rarely, never, little, seldom, neither, nor, not only, not until, no sooner等于句首时，句子部分倒装。

例如：Little did he know who the woman was.Never shall I forget the time when we could hardly make both ends meet.Hardly had we sat down when the movie started.No sooner had we sat down than the movie started.Seldom has she come to my office to ask questions.The Smiths should not break the rules. Nor should we.Not only can I devote myself to my hometown but I also can see my parents more often.【考点三、so, such在句首时的倒装】so, such于句首，后带表语或状语时，其后所接的主句部分倒装。

例如：So carelessly did he drive that he almost killed himself.So fast did the motorcyclist rush that even the policemen didn’t catch him.So silly was my wife that she sold all my books at a low price.Such serious damage was done to my car that it took the workers a month to mend it.Such good partners did we have that we finished our work ahead of time. 【考点四、so, neither, nor在句首时的倒装】so, neither, nor于句首，表示主语与前面句子的主语情况相同时(既主语不是同一个人或物)，句子要部分倒装。

例如：---I don’t think I can walk any further.---Neither can I. Let’s stop here for a rest.--- Jack, you really took great trouble to help Jim.--- So do you.--- I heard Larry Johnson is an expert in nuclear energy.--- Yes. And so is his brother.有时，so引出的句子只是单纯重复前面的内容，重要特点是两个句子的主语是同一个人或物时，句子不倒装。

例如：---It was cold yesterday.---So it was.---You left all the lights on in the office last night.--- My God. So I did.有时，前面的句子提供了两种类型的谓语动词，如一个be动词，一个行为动词或一个肯定一个否定，这时，也不倒装。

例如：--- Mary is a hardworking students and she often helps others.--- So it is with her sister.--- Robinson robbed a band and was sentenced to prison.--- It was the same with his brother.【考点五、 only 强调状语放在句首时的倒装】only强调状语放在句首时，句子部分倒装。

例如：Only when he told me this did I realize what trouble he was in.Only in this way can you master the spirit of the language.Only until recently did we know the new discovery made 10 years ago.Only yesterday did I finish the book.Only at home are you allowed to smoke.【考点六、让步状语从句中的倒装】though, as引导让步状语从句时，常将表语或状语前置，表语为单数可数名词时冠词要省略。

例如：Young as/ though he is, he knows more than you.Freshman(大学一年级学生) as/ though he is, he has been picked by an NBA team.Child as/though he is, he can work out the difficult question.Hard as they may try, they can never achieve their goal.【考点七、频度副词在句首时的倒装】表示频率的副词often位于句首时句子部分倒装。

例如：Often have I have told them not to go swimming in that lake.Often did I remind him of the important meeting.【考点八、虚拟语气中的倒装】如果虚拟语气中的虚拟条件句省略if，必须部分倒装。

例如：Should it rain, the crops would be saved. = If it should rain, the crops would be saved.Had I had the chance, I would have done better than him.= If I had had the chance, I would have done better than him.Were I to become a rich person, I would help the poor more.= If I were to become a rich person, I would help the poor more.第三节巩固练习一、【夯实基础】1.____ can you expect a pay rise.A. With hard workB. Although work hardC. Only with hard workD. Now that he works hard2. Not a single song _____ at yesterday’s party.A. she sangB. sang sheC. did she singD. she did sing3. I finally got the job I dreamed about. Never in all my life _____ so happy.A. did I feelB. I feltC. I had feltD. had I felt4. ---It was careless of you to have left your clothes outside all night.---My God! ______.A. So did IB. So I didC. So were youD. So did you5. ---David has made great progress recently.---______, and ______.A. So he has, so you haveB. So he has, so have youC. So has he, so have youD. So has he, so you have6. Not until all the fish died in the river, _____ how serious the pollution was.A. did the villagers realizeB. the villagers realizedC. the villagers did realizeD. didn’t the villagers realize7. Nowhere else in the world _____ a better and cheaper camera than in our shop.A. do you buyB. you can buyC. you will buyD. can you buy8. Among the high-risk group of heart disease _____ people with a preference for fat-rich foods.A. there areB. areC. they areD. who are9. You say he works very hared. _____ and ______.A. So he does; so do youB. So does he; so you doC. So he does; so you doD. So does he; so do you10. _____ entered the office when he realized that he had left his report behind.A. He hardly hadB. Had he hardlyC. Hardly had heD. Hardly he had11. So seriously ____ in the accident that he was sent to hospital at once.A. he was injuredB. was he injuredC. he did injureD. did he injure12. _____ land is improved by sowing it with various seeds, ____ is the mind by exercising it with different studies.A. When; soB. As; asC. As; soD. If; so13. She never laughed, ____ lose temper.A. or she ever didB. nor did she everC. or did she everD. nor she ever did14. Only ____ to borrow the magazines from the reading-room.A. are the teachers allowedB. the teachers are allowedC. are allowed the teachersD. did the teachers be allowed15. ---I seldom watch TV, but listen to the radio a lot.---_____.A. So do IB. Neither do IC. I’m the sameD. So it is with me16. To all the people here ____ the honor for the success.A. belongB. belongsC. belongs toD. is belonged17. ---I have great difficulty working out this problem.---___ to me yesterday, you _____ less difficulty with such problems now.A. If you had listened, would have hadB. If you listened, would haveC. Had you listened, would haveD. If you listen, will have18. In such a hurry _____ to the school yard that he was out of breath.A. ran heB. he ranC. did he runD. he was running19. If you refuse to accept the invitation, _______.A. so would sheB. so does sheC. so will sheD. neither will she20. ____, I will not buy it.A. I like it muchB. Like as I it muchC. Much do I like itD. Much as I like it二、【真题实战２００５】1. ______, Carolina couldn't get the door open. (广东卷)A. Try as she mightB. As she might tryC. She might as tryD. Might she as try2. Mary never does any reading in the evening, _______. (全国II卷)A. so does JohnB. John does soC. John doesn’t tooD. nor does John3. Never before ______ in greater need of modern public transport than it is today.(上海卷)A. has this city beenB. this city has beenC. was this cityD. this city was4. Only after my friend came _______. (福建卷)A. did the computer repairB. he repaired the computerC. was the computer repairedD. the computer was repaired5. --- Father, you promised! (湖北)--- Well, ______. But it was you who didn’t keep your word first.A. so was IB. so did IC. so I wasD. so I did6. --- Well, I do think the rabbit is a beautiful, gentle animal which can runvery fast.--- _____________. (辽宁卷)A. So it isB. So is itC. So does itD. So it does7. In the dark forests ________, some large enough to hold several English towns.(同上)A. stand many lakesB. lie many lakesC. many lakes lieD. many lakes stand8. --- Maggie had a wonderful time at the party. (安徽卷)--- ________, and so did I.A. So she hadB. So had sheC. So she didD. So did she9. ______ about wild plants that they decided to make a trip to Madagascar forfurther research. (江苏卷)A. So curious the couple wasB. So curious were the coupleC. How curious the couple wasD. The couple was such curious三、【真题实战２００６】1. --- Did Linda see the traffic accident?--- No, no sooner _____ than it happened. (天津卷)A. had she goneB. she had goneC. has she goneD. she has gone2. I’ve tried very hard to improve my English. But by no means ___ with my progress. (重庆卷)A. the teacher is not satisfiedB. is the teacher not satisfiedC. the teacher is satisfiedD. is the teacher satisfied3. --- I reminded you not to forget the appointment.--- _______. (江西卷)A. So you didB. So I do notC. So did youD. So do I4. So difficult ______ it to work out the problem that I decided to ask Tom for advice. (广东卷)A. I have foundB. have I foundC. I did findD. did I find5. Never in my wildest dreams _____ these people are living in such poor conditions. (安徽卷)A. I could imagineB. could I imagineC. I couldn’t imagineD. couldn’t I imagine6. At the foot of the mountain ______.A. a village lieB. lies a villageC. does a village lieD. lying a village7. Only then _____ how much damage had been caused. (陕西卷)A. had she realizedB. she realizedC. did she realizeD. she had realized四、【真题实战２００7】１.If Joe’s wife won’t go to the party, ____. （全国II）A. he will eitherB. neither will heC. he neither willD. either he will2. --- My room gets very cold at night. （江苏卷）--- ___________.A. So is mineB. So mine isC. So does mineD. So mine does3. that Maric was able to set up new branches clsewhere. （陕西卷）A.So successful her business wasB.So successful was her businessC.So her business was successfulD.So was her successful business4. . _______, his idea was accepted by all the people at the meeting. （重庆卷）A. Strange as might it soundB. As it might sound strangeC. As strange it might soundD. Strange as it might sound5. Little _______ that we were watching his every move, so he seemed to be goinghis own way in this business. (安徽卷)A. he realizedB. he didn't realizeC. didn't he realizeD. did he realize6. I have been living in the United States for twenty years, but seldom _____ so lonely as now. (辽宁卷)A. have I feltB. I had feltC. I have feltD. Had I felt7. --- How was the televised debate last night?--- Super! Rarely ______ so much media attention.A. a debate attractedB. did a debate attractC. a debate did attractD. attracted a debate参考答案：一、【夯实基础】1-5 CCDBB 6-10 ADBAC 11-15 BCBBD 16-20 BCCCD二、【真题实战２００５】1-5 ADACD 6-9 ABCB三、【真题实战２００６】1-5 ADADB 6-7 BC四、【真题实战２００7】1-5 BCBDD 6-7 AB。