完成时态1）过去完成时态的构成：肯定式：had + 动词的过去分词否定式：hadn't + 动词的过去分词疑问式：Had … + 动词的过去分词简略回答: Yes, 主+ have/has had.No, 主+ had现在完成时的用法2) 过去完成时适用场合1. 过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作以前已经完成了的动作。
这个过去的时间常用by，before等介词短语或一个时间状语从句表示，也可以暗含在上下文中。
I had finished my homework before supper.我在晚饭前就把作业做完了。
The play had already started when we got to the theatre. 我们到剧场时戏已经开始了。
By the end of June they had treated over 10,000 patients. 到六月底他们已经治疗了一万多病人。
2. 过去完成时还可表示过去某一时刻之前发生的动作或状态持续到过去某个时间或还要持续下去，常与for，since等词连用。
如：He had served in the army for ten years before he retired last year. 他在部队干了十年，去年退役了。
He told me that he had known her since he was a child. 他告诉我他从小就认识她。
He had learned English for eight years before he went to England for further study. 他在去英国深造前，已学了八年英语。
3. 在一段情景连贯的文字中，先发生的事放在后面叙述时，要用过去完成时。
如：Tom flew home, but his father had already died. 汤姆乘飞机回家，他的父亲却已经去世了。
4. 过去完成时也用于hardly...when..., no sooner...than..., It was the first time + that分句等一些固定句型中。
He had no sooner left the room than they began to talk about him. 他刚离开房间，他们就议论起他来。
We had hardly begun when we were told to stop.我们刚开始就被叫停。
It was the first time that he had ever spoken to me in such a tune.他用这样的语调跟我讲话，这是第一次。
例题解析：举一反三，学的更轻松！1. He ______ in Shanghai University for four years before he ______ Beijing.A. studied, had goneB. had studied, wentC. has studied, goesD. had studied, had gone解析："他去北京之前在上大学学习了4年"。
在上海学习的动作发生在去北京之前，因此第一个空应用过去完成时。
此题选B。
2. Mary said it was at least five years since he ______ a good drink.A. enjoyedB. was enjoyingC. had enjoyedD. would enjoy解析：It was + 时间段+since 引导的从句中用过去完成时。
应选C。
3. Xiao Pei said she ______ Hainan for 3 months.A. has been inB. had been inC. had been toD. had gone to解析："小培说她去了海南三个月"。
have been to 和have gone to 都是短暂性的动词短语。
所以适应表示状态的have been in. 应选B.时态综合例题：１--What are Mr and Mrs Black doing ?---They _____ tea in the garden.A. are drinkingB. drankC. have drunkD. drink2. My mother often asks me _____early .A. get upB. got upC. getting upD. to get up3. Soon Wu Dong ____ up with Li Lei, then they were neck and neck.A. taughtB. caughtC. boughtD. brought4. The car ____and stopped at the red traffic light.A. got onB. got offC. slowed downD. picked up5. Tom ____ the CD player for two weeks.A. has lentB. has borrowedC. has boughtD. has had6. ---Do you know ______?---Sorry, but if he _____ back, I ____ you know as soon as possible.A. when will he be back, comes, will letB. when he will be back, will come, will letC. what time will he be back, will come, letD. what time he will be back, comes, will let7. We ____ to the park if it is fine tomorrow.A. will goB. have goneC. go8. A new shoe factory will ______ in this part of the city.A. be buildingB. be builtC. build9. ---______ all your things, Tom! I hate them here and there.---OK, Mom.A. Put upB. Put onC. Put downD. Put away10. --- How about going hiking this weekend?--- Sorry, I prefer to ____ rather than _____.A. to stay at home, go outB. to go out, stay at homeC. stay at home, go outD. going out, stay at home一、选择最佳答案填空(动词及搭配)：1. A policeman saw two thieves ______a girl's mobile phone on the bus and he caught them at once.A. to stealB. stealingC. stoleD. stolen2. The Chinese pingpong players will join in the match.Let's ______them success.A. wishB.to wishC.hopeD.to hope3. He is so careless that he always ______his school things at home.A. forgetsB.forgotC.leavesD.left4. ----Who ______the computer? I want to use it.----Timmy. He ______ it for a week.A. borrowed, has borrowedB.has borrowed, boughtC.has borrowed, has keptD.bought, has borrowed5. Look! One of the girls ______the door.A. cleansB.is cleaningC.cleanD.are cleaning6. If you don't feel well, you may just ______.stopped reading B.stop reading C.stopped to read D.stop to read7. ----Where can we get a baseball?----Let's ______.A. lend Jim oneB.lend one to JimC.borrow one from JimD.borrow one of Jim8. ----My model ship doesn't work.----Don't worry. I'll have it ______this afternoon.A. repairingB.madeC.repairedD.mend9. You ______wash your hands before meals.A. needB.mustC.canD.may10. Will you ______the light? It's dark in the room.A. get onB.get offC.turn onD.turn off11. My name is Zhang Mingjian. You may ______me Zhang Mingjian or Mr Zhang.A. askB.sayC.tellD.call12. There is going to ______a game in our school this afternoon.A. hasB.haveC.beD.are13. You'd better______smoking. It's bad for your health.A. eat upB.give upe upD.get up14. ----How do you like this book?----I think it has nothing to______with our study.A. makeB.doC.takeD.hold15. ----Where is Mr Brown? I have some questions to ask him.----He ______the office.A. has been toB.has been inC.has gone toD.has gone in16.The bus kept the people ______for twenty minutes.A. waitB.to waitC.waitingD.waits17.I believe the scientists will______a better way to heal the disease.A. get on withe up withC.go on withD.catch up with18.----Why do you often ______this pink blouse?----Because it fits me well.A. put onB.wearC.buyD.try on19. Jack always runs faster than Peter, but this time he ______him.A. went overB.fell behindC.put offD.dropped off20. The Internet ______it easy to get much new information in a short time.A. findsB.makesC.feelsD.takes参考答案：1--5 BACCB 6-10 BCCBC 11--15 DCBBC 16-20 CBBBB二、选择最佳答案填空(动词时态)：1. We __________out by that time that he_________ a thief for a longtime.A. had found, had beenB. had found, wasC. found, had beenD. found, was2. It so happened that they________ the novel before.A. had readB. would readC. were readingD. read3. She________ for nearly two hours.A. kept talkingB. kept to talkC. has kept talkingD. kept to talking4. Spring_______ after winter.A. comesB. cameC. has comeD. had come5.-I hear some noise in the next room.-Oh, yes. Your sister_______ there.A. criesB. is cryingC. criedD. was crying6. All the students__________ to plant trees and there's nobody in the classroom.A. goB. will goC. have goneD. wound go7. Stop! A little boy_________ the street.A. is crossingB. crossesC. crossedD. has crossed8. The girl________ to milk since last winter.A. learnsB. learnedC. has learnedD. would learn9. What__________ to you this morning?A. happensB. is happenedC. happenedD. was happened10. -The old man looks healthy.-Yes. He________ some running after he gets up.A. doesB. didC. has doneD. will do11. She didn't pass the exams because she________ her lessons well.A. wasn't preparedB. wasn't been preparedC. hadn't preparedD. was preparing12. This story_______ in a faraway village in Europe many years ago.A. is happenedB. was happenedC. happenedD. has been happened13. -Mr King came back to our village.-Really? For what?-The old man________ the noise in the city.A. is hatingB. hatesC. was hatingD. has hated14. His father ________ for a week.A. diedB. will dieC. has been diedD. has been dead15. My mother is ill. I _______stay at home and look after her.A. has toB. mustC. wouldD. have to16.---Do you know the Frenchman?---Yes. I ______him for two years.A. knowB. have knownC. knewD. have been known17. They______ all their money, so they have to walk home.A. spendB. had spentC. have spentD. will spend18. Great changes_______ in the city, and a lot of factories_______.A.have been taken place, have been set upB.have taken place, have been set upC.have taken place, have set upD.were taken place, were set up19. ---When did Kate's grandma die?---While the doctors______ on her.A. are operatingB. were operatingC. operateD. operated20. ---Who are you looking for?---Mr White.---Wait here for a while. The class meeting_______ over in half an hour.A. isB. will beC. wasD. has been21. If she's not at home, you ______ try telephoning her at the office.A. willB. couldC. wouldD. need22. All the new words ______ up in the dictionary yet.A. have lookedB. haven't lookedC. have been lookedD. haven't been looked23.I don't want to speak to her, but I ______.A. doB. have toC. have to speakD. must to24. Hurry up, or you _____ the train.A. missB. loseC. will missD. will lose25.The new library ____ next week.A.. will build B . will be built C. would build D. would be built26.---Where's Mabel?---She _____ ping pong behind the teaching building.A. is playingB. was playingC. playedD. had played27. Quite a few tall buildings _______ the last two years.A. have been put upB. were put upC. had put upD. put up28. Man-made-satellites______ into space by many countries.A. was sent upB. is sent upC. have been sent upD. has been sent up29. I _______ all the words on the black board. May I go home now?B. copy B. will coupC. copiedD. have copied30. Nobody knew _______ a living in that country.A. to doB. to makeC. how to doD. how to make31.The old man needs at most five hour's sleep a night ,but he__________ for over seven hours tonight.A. has fallen asleep B has slept C has gone to bed D. has gone to sleep32.I'm really getting too fat. From now on, I________ more exercise and eat less food.A have doneB doC am doingD will do33. You don't need__________ her. I_________ her for several times.A describe, had metB describe, meetC to describe, have metD describe, met34. His speech in English was difficult__________.A in followingB for being followedC to followD to be followed by35. When he was a child, he tried to find ways_______ people________ life more.A. to help, enjoyB. help, to enjoyC. help, enjoyingD. to be helped, to enjoy36.What did your class teacher ________you to _______at the meeting?A. tell, sayB. ask, speakC. tell, speakD. ask, talk37.______the bus until it _______.A. Get off, stopsB. get off, will stopC. Don't get off, stopsD. Don't get off, will stop38 The living standard of the people in Shanghai_______ in the last ten years.A. has raisedB. has risenC. has been raisedD. has been risen39 -What did Mr Jones do before he moved here?-He_______ a city bus for over twenty-five years.A. has drivenB. droveC. drivesD. is driving40. Hurry up! The play _______ for ten minutes.A. had begunB. beganC. has been onD. has begun1-5 CAAAB 6-10 CACCC 11-15 CCBCD 16-20 BCBBB21-25 ADBCB 26-30 AACDD 31-35 BDCCA 36-40 ACBBC过去完成时与一般过去时的比较1. 当一个由before, after, as soon as 等连词引导的从句所表示的动作和主句的动作紧接着发生时，两个动作均可用一般过去时来表示。