• have to和have got to往往可以互换，但与always， sometimes等频度副词连用时，用have to往往比 用havt got to好。have got to比have to更口语化。 • 在过去时的句子中, 要用have to 来表示 “必须”， have to可以有任意时态 • She will have to… ；She had to… ； She has/I have had to… • have to作为实义动词, 否定式为don't have to； will not have to；didn't have to • 在表达“难道你不能不（做……）”时，一般用 “Must you…?”，而不用“Do you have to…?”
难道你非得现在就走吗？
Must you leave now?
• I’m afraid so. I have to study for an exam.
dis--- 前缀，表示否定﹑ 相反或相对
agree disagree honest dishonest able disable the disabled n.残疾人
stage n. 舞台 阶段
• on the stage：在舞台上 • in the stage：在某一阶段 • appear on the stage as.... e.g. My aunt appeared on the stage as a young girl.
尽管如此，她却常在舞台上扮演小姑娘。詹妮弗很快又要 参加一个新剧的演出。
This time, she will be a girl of seventeen. In the play, she must appear in a bright red dress and long black stockings.
at most 最多
• 2、In spite of this, she often appears on the stage as a young girl.
• in spite of 不管，尽管 (of 为介词, 后面一 定会加名词，代词或者动名词)
• 他已竭尽全力, 但仍然失败了. • In spite of all his efforts， he failed. • 尽管下着雨, 他们还是出去了. • They went out in spite of the rain.
• • • • • • • • •
3. bright adj. (颜色）鲜艳的 bright red 鲜红色； bright yellow 明黄色； bright blue 宝蓝色 bright purple →dark adj 深色的 dark blue dark green dark brown
My aunt Jennifer is an _______. actress She least thirty-five years must be at ______ old. In spite of this, she often _______ appears on the _____ stage as a young girl. Jennifer will have to ____ take _____ part __ in a new play soon. This time, she will be a girl of seventeen. In the play, she must appear in a _____ bright red dress and long black _______. Last year in another play, she stockings had to _____ wear short socks and a bright, orange-coloured dress. If anyone ever asks her how old she is, she always _____ answers, 'Darling, it must be _______ terrible to be grown up!'
• ⑤当有人问你年龄时，你可以这样回答： • It is a secret. /I forget it.
Listen & Answer
• Why doesn't Aunt Jennifer tell anyone how old she is? • Because she often appears on the stage as a young girl and she wants to continue to do so.
【Key structures】
情态助动词 must • must译为“必须”，可以表示“必要，命令或强 制，不可推卸的责任”等多处含义。它没有时态 和人称变化，通常只用于现在时和将来时。在其 他时态时，must的有些含义可以用have to或have got to替换。这三种形式一般可以互换，但用于第 一人称时，have to(have got to)强调客观的要求或 外在的原因，must则强调主观的要求或表示说话 的人认为自己有权做某事。
Bright
①the sun was very bright . ② the boy is very bright . ③ he has a bright future.
Stocking n. （女用）长筒袜 Sock n. 短袜
5. actress c.n. • actor 男演员 actress
这一次，她将扮演一个17岁 的少女。演出时她必须穿一 条鲜红色的裙子和黑色的长筒袜。
Last year in another play, she had to wear short socks and a bright, orange-coloured dress.
去年在演另一个剧时，她不得不穿短袜和一件鲜艳的 橘红色的衣服。
• waiter 男服务员
• prince 王子 • lion 公狮子
女演员
waitress
princess lioness
女服务员
公主 母狮子
• god
神
goddess
女神
Language Points of Lesson 17
• • • • • • • • 1、She must be at least thirty-five years old. 年龄的两种表示方法： a. 数字+ years old，作表语（在be动词后） I am twenty-nine years old. b. 数字+ -year-old，作定语（在 n.前） my four-year-old daughter must + 动词原形 必须；(对现在的)推测 e.g. She must be a model.
• 3、Jennifer will have to take part in a new play soon. • have to do sth.=must do sth. 不得不做sth.
• take part in
参加某一种活动
参加比赛
• take part in the race
• take part in a play
• • • • • • • • • • 1. appear vi. 出现（反义词是disappear） The plane appeared. 我不能穿着这条裙子在派对里面出现。 I can’t appear in this dress at the party. appear as 扮演……角色 Mike appeared as a prince. (prince n. 王子) appearance n. 出现, 露面, 外貌 disappearance n.消失, 失踪
My aunt Jennifer is an actress. She must be at least thirty-five years old.
我的姑姑詹妮弗是位演员，她至少也有35岁了。
In spite of this, she often appears on the stage as a young girl. Jennifer will have to take part in a new play soon.
• • • •
她最多十五岁。 She must be at most fifteen years old. 她至少十五岁。 She must be at least fifteen years old. • at least 至少, 最少 • If you can’t clean the car, you can at least help me clean it.
• attend the class 上课
• 4、In the play, she must appear in a bright red dress and long black stockings. • in (+颜色、衣服) = 穿着……样的衣服 • 用介词短语取代动词，避免了一句话中出现 两个动词 • in a bright red dress 穿 鲜红色的连衣裙 • 穿 鲜艳的桔黄色衣服 • in a bright,orange-coloured dress
• 参加运动会
• e.g. take part in the sports meeting
• join 参加了某一种团体 • join sb./sth. • e.g. join us (口语)加入我们(这个团体)中来 • join the army • attend 出席 • attend the meeting • attend the party 参加会议, 出席会议 出席宴会 参军 • join the party 入党