初一英语基础知识点一、48个国际音标及26个英文字母的正确书写要熟练掌握元音和辅音，5个元音字母(a, e, i, o, u),字母的正确占格及单词间距。
二、be动词的用法be动词有三种变形，分别是：am, is, are。
记忆口诀：“我”用am, “你”用are, is用于“他、她、它”;单数全都用is，复数全部都用are。
三、人称及人称代词的不同形式(主格和宾格)1、三种人称：第一人称(I, we)，第二人称(you, you)，第三人称(he, she, it, Maria)。
2、人称代词的主格，即人称代词位于句子主语位置时的形态：I, We, You, You, He, She, It, Maria。
3、人称代词的宾格，即人称代词位于句子宾语位置时的形态：me, us, you, you, him, her, it。
我爱（I）吃蜜（me），you不变；he打招呼：“Hi,m”!she去s，后加r；It，it主宾同。
we宾好记勿忧思（us）；they把y变成m。
4、形容词性物主代词：my, our, your, your, his, her, its, their。
5、名词性物主代词：mine, ours, yours, yours, his, hers, its, theirs。
名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词Eg：--Whose pen is this?=Whose is this pen?--It’s mine.=It’s my pen.6、反身代词：myself, ourselves, yourself, yourselves, himself, herself, itself, themselves。
四、基数词(表示数量多少的词，大致相当于代数里的自然数) zero, one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve, thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen,五、陈述句便一般疑问句、否定句和特殊疑问句1.陈述句：主语+谓语动词（系动词、实意动词等）+其他系动词：be、感官动词（look、sound、smell、taste、feel）Eg:He is cool.She feels better.I read science books.2.a.主语后是be动词或情态动词(can、could、may、might)或助动词will、would的陈述句变一般疑问句：直接将这些词提到句首；Eg:This is my car. Is this my car?He can play football. Can he play football.b.主语后是实意动词的，如主语不是第三人称单数，直接在句首加Do；主语是第三人称单数，先在句首加Dose,再将实意动词的s去掉。
Eg:You work in an office. Do you work in an office?Dose Sue spesk Eglish well?3.a.主语后是be动词或情态动词(can、could、may、might)或助动词will、would的陈述句变一般疑问句：直接将这些词后加not；He can’t sing.b.主语后是实意动词的，如主语不是第三人称单数，直接在主语后加don’t；主语是第三人称单数，先在主语后加dosen’t,再将实意动词的s去掉。
She doesn’t watche TV every evening.4.在一般疑问句前加上特殊疑问词或特殊疑问词词组，就是特殊疑问句。
Eg:What is it?What color is it?5.给划线部提问：先将划线部分用特殊疑问词或特殊疑问词词组代替，再将句子剩余部分变成一般疑问句1、对“地点”提问用where.如：(1).They are studying Chinese in China.→ Where are they studying Chinese?2、对“时间”提问用when.如：(2).She came to Japan in 1990.→ When did she come to Japan?3、对“时刻、点钟”提问用what time.如：(3).He often goes to bed at ten.→ What time does he often go to bed?4、对“谁”提问用who.如：(4).The girl is standing at the station.→ Who is standing at the station?(5).They often go home with Tom.→ Who do they often go home with?5、对“谁的”提问用whose.如：(6).I will meet my father.→ Whose father will you meet?6、对“年龄”提问用how old.如：(7).The man over there is sixty.→ How old is the man over there?7、对“哪一个”提问用which.如：(8).She likes the new skirt.→ Which skirt does she like?8、对“颜色”提问用what colour.如：(9).Her blouse is white.→ What colour is her blouse?9、对“职业”提问用what.如：(10).His mother is a teacher.→ What is his mother?10、对“次数”提问用how many times.如：(11).He has been to England twice.→ How many times has he been to England?11、对“数量”提问用how many (表示可数) 或how much (表示不可数).如：(12).There are fifty students in Class 1.→ How many students are there in Class(13).She spent tenyuan on the book.→ How much did she spend on the book?12、对“方式、方法”或“感觉如何”提问用how.如：(14).We come to school on foot.→ How do you come to school?(15).She is feeling much better now.→ How is she feeling now?13、对“原因”提问用why.如：(16).He didnt come here because he was ill yesterday.→ Why didnt he come here?14、对“做什么”提问用what…do /doing/done.如：(17).They are going to visit the factory next week.→ What are they going to do next week?(18).You are looking at the blackboard.→ What are you doing?(19).They have seen the film.→ What have they done?15、对“一段时间”提问用how long.如(20).We have stayed here for six years.→ How long have you stayed here?(21).He has worked in Beijing since 1980.→ How long has he worked in Beijing?16、对“频度”提问用how often.如：(22).She is late for school once a week.→ How often is she late for school?(23).We sometimes get up at 10:00.→ How often do you get up at 10:00?17、对“将来的一段时间”提问用how soon.如：(24).Lucy will be back in four days.→ How soon will Lucy be back?18、对“高度”提问用how tall(表示人)或how high(表示物).如：(25).The man is two metres tall.→ How tall is the man?(26).The hill is 300 metres high.→ How high is the hill?19、对“长度”、“宽度”提问,用how long,how wide.如：(27).The desk is four metres long.→ How long is the desk?(28).The river is one hundred metres wide.→ How wide is the river?20、对“星期几”提问用what day.如：(29).Today is Friday.→ What day is today?21、对“日期”提问用what…the date.如：(30).Yesterday was July 1,1995.→ What was the date yesterday?22、对“距离”提问用how far.如：(31).Its 300 metres from my home to school.→ How far is it from your home to school?23、对“号码”提问用what size.如：(32).I want size 42 shoes.→ What size shoes do you want?(33).She bought a size 68 blouse last week.→ What size blouse did she buy last week?24、对“天气状况”提问用“What……the weather like?”.如：(34).Today is rainy.→What is the weather like today?注意事项：1．划线部分作定语时,应连同后面的名词一起提到句首.如：(34).Thats our school.→Whose school is that?(35).She is wearing a white skirt.→ What colour skirt is she wearing?2．划线部分作主语时,应直接使用特殊疑问词替换.如：(36).Tom often comes to China.→ Who often comes to China?(37).The book is on the shelf.→ What is on the shelf? 3．划线部分是谓语动词及宾语时,应使用what…do/doing/done替换划线部分.如：(38).They often read English in the morning.→What do they often do in the morning?(39).He is writing a letter now.→ What is he doing now?(40).They have seenthe film.→ What have they done?4.对“there are”句型中的主语划线用What.(41).There are two books on the desk.--What's on the desk?六、名词变复数1)以s、x、sh、ch结尾的名词加es:glasses,boxes,brushes,matches.2)以辅音字母加y结尾的名词,变y为i加es:cities,babies,enemies.3)以f或fe结尾的名词,多数变f为v加es:wives,knives.但有些词只加s:roofs,proof s,chiefs.4)以o结尾的名词,有些加es:Negroes,heroes,tomatoes,potatoes.其它加s:radio s,zoos,pianos,photos.5)不规则名词：foot→feet,goose→geese,tooth→teeth,child→children,man→me n,woman→women,sheep→sheep,deer→deer,mouse→mice.6)某些外来词变复数：datum→data,medium→media,bacterium→bacteria,curriculum→curricula,criterion→criteria,phenomenon→phenomena.(um/on→a)analysis→analyses,basis→bases,crisis→crises,diagnosis→diagnoses.(is→es )7)复合名词变复数：以不可数名词结尾的复合名词无复数形式,如：homework.以man或woman为前缀的复合名词变复数,前后两个名词都变复数,如：manservant→menservants,woman student women students.其它复合名词变复数：grown up→grown ups,brother in law→brothers in law,stand by→stands练习题将下列句子改为复数句1.This is his eraser. _________ _________ his ________.2.That is her dictionary. _________ _________ her ________.3.It is a bus . _________ _________ ________.物主代词练习题1、—I want to call my mother. But I can’t find my mobile phone.—Don’t worry. My sister’s phone is here. You can use ______.A. myB. mineC. hersD. her2、---My computer! It’s all black!---Let me have a look. And you may use ________ if you have something important to do. She is just playing games now.A. mineB. itC. hersD. his3、Good words can touch not only your heart but also .A. IB. his’sC.hi mselfD. his4、﹣I can’t find my eraser．May I use _______？﹣Of course．A．You B．your C．yours5、The Rio 2016 Olympic torch （火炬）began _____ 95-day journey in Brazil on May 3rd.A. itB. itsC. it'sD. itself根据括号里的要求进行句型转换1.Jack doesn’t like the talk shows at all. (对划线部分进行提问)_________ __________ Jack __________ ___________ the talk shows?2.Nicole likes geography and history.(一般疑问句)_______Nicole _______ geography and history?3.They did sports last afternoon. (否定句)They ______ _______ soccer last afternoon.4.They are listening to music at home.(对划线部分进行提问)are they at home?5.My weekend was very terrible.( 对划线部分进行提问)your weekend?阅读理解Ted and Susan are good friends. Last Saturday, Ted asked Susan to go with him to watch a movie or take a walk down by the lake. S usan really wanted to go, but she was really busy all Saturday. Fi rst, her mom asked her to help clean the house in the morning, an d then she had to go to the dentist’s at 12:30. Two hours after that, she met Julia to help her with her science. Then she had to go to soccer practice with her brot her at 4:30, and her mom asked her to cook dinner for the family at 5:30. Then, she had to do her history homework.Ted knew that Susan was going to have a full day. So he asked he r to watch a video at home. Susan thought that was great, but som ething was wrong with their video player. So they had to just play a game.( )56. What did Susan have to do on Saturday morning?A.Watch a movie.B. Clean the house.C. Go to the dentist’s.D. Take a walk.B.( )57. What was wrong with Susan?A.She had a fever.B. She had a sore throat.C. She had a toothache.D. She had a stomachache.( )58. What time did Susan meet with Julia?A. At 12:00 p.m.B. At 1:00 p.m.C. At 2:00 p.m.D. At 2:30 p.m .( )59. How many things did Susan have to do on Saturday?A. 3.B. 4.C. 5.D. 6.( )60. Which of the following is TRUE?A.Susan couldn’t watch the video because the video player didn’t work.B.B.Susan’s Saturday was not busy.C.Susan can’t cook dinner.D.Ted couldn’t play a game with Susan in the evening.。