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汉语惯用语的翻译

汉语惯用语的翻译
惯用语是口头常用的洗练、含蓄的语言,比一般词和词组更具定型性,比四字成语更具灵活性,比书面语更具含蓄讽刺、生动形象的比喻性。

惯用语主要出现在群众的日常口语中,书面上出现在小说、电影、电视、戏剧的人物对话里,也出现在比较口语化的议论文和散文中。

首先把惯用语放在汉语文化背景下分析,确定汉语文化同英语文化的差别与联系;然后根据翻译目的及读者群制定翻译策略,构建相应文字,最后展现给读者。

首先把惯用语放在汉语文化背景下分析,确定汉语文化同英语文化的差别与联系;然后根据翻译目的及读者群制定翻译策略,构建相应文字,最后展现给读者。

下面是惯用语翻译常见的翻译方法:
一、直译法
直译的惯用语一般是比喻性特别强的
那一晚真令人倒胃口。

The evening was a real turnoff.
你像个正人君子,很够朋友,想不到你这样的不道德。

You seemed like a real gentleman,someone whom be a true friend.I never thought you were so unethical
他真是糊涂虫。

我看他将来要怕老婆的。

He is such a muddle-head;I can see he's going to be henpecked
鼓励人们勇于承担责任不是让人们充当替罪羊,而是对人的良知的呼唤。

虽然承担责任意味着牺牲个人利益,但是你能从中体会到一种更加深刻的成就感。

Encouraging responsibility is not a search for scapegoats;it is a call to conscience.And though it requires sacrifice,it brings a deeper fulfillment.
对幸福的家庭来说,责任心和性忠诚是紧密相连的。

婚外恋被看作是对婚姻的最大的威胁。

For strong families,commitment and sexual fidelity are so closely linked that an extramarital affair is regarded as the ultimate threat to a marriage.
吃奶的力气strainevery muscle
开绿灯
Give the green light
唱反调
Sing a different tune
试金石
touchstone
挖空心思
Rack one’s brains
二、意译法
由于惯用语有着较强的口语性和简洁性,因此对原文进行逐字翻译反而会使有些惯用语失去原有的特点
教育专家们认为,应当考虑地区差别,不能搞一刀切。

Educationalists argue that the regional differences should be taken into account and that the sweeping approach be avoided.
这里“一刀切”显然不能翻译成“one cut”,而是指一种统一的没有区别的教育方法。

也亏你倒听他的话,我平日和你说的,全当耳旁风,怎么他说了你就依。

比圣旨还快些!”
“So you do whatever she asks,but let whatever I say go in one ear-and out the other. You jump to obey her instructions faster than if they were an Imperial edict.”
这里的“耳旁风”当然也不能翻译成“the wind beside the ear ”,而指没把说的话当回事,如果按照“左耳朵听了右耳朵出”来理解并翻译,就达到了原文的效果。

他在那部电影里是个跑龙套的。

He played an insignificant role in the movie.
这项新举措施无疑给残疾人吃了一颗定心丸。

This new measure has undoubtedly made the disabled feel relieved(at
ease).
发生争论之后。

部门经理就一直给她穿小鞋。

Ever since their argument,the line manager has been making it hot for her.
十多年来,AOL和微软破天荒第一次遇到了真正的敌手。

For the first time in a decade,AOL and Microsoft each face an adversary with real clout.
他花钱大手大脚
He spends extravagantly
三、套译法
有的惯用语与英语习语不仅在内容形式和修辞色彩上大致相符,而且有相同或大体相同的形象比喻,在这种情况下,进行汉英互译时可以互相套用。

不过,有时任务压得紧,得开夜车的时候,抽烟可以提神,找灵感。

However sometimes when stress from my workload is over-whelming, and I have to bum the midnight oil,smoking can refresh oneself, and provide me with inspiration.
很少有人喜欢在公共场合演讲,原因是我们都怕出洋相,越是重要的演讲心里越恐慌。

Speaking in public is most people S least favorite thing. The reason is that we re all afraid of making fools of ourselves. The more important the speech, the more frightened we become.
不知为什么我成了他们的眼中钉了,我可从未错待过他们。

I wonder why I become a thorn in their(the) flesh.I've never harmed them.。

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