外研社第八册模块一辅导（－）How Failure Became Success 1.On 8th August ,1914, 27 men who had replied to an advertisement in
The Times boarded a ship leaving for the Antarctic.
1914年8月8日,响应《泰晤士报》上一则广告的27个人凳上了一艘轮船，向南极地区进发。

注意：1) 在具体的哪一天用on .
2)reply 是正式用语,作及物动词用,但后面只跟从句或引语.
Jack replied that he might help me. 杰克回答说他可能会帮助我.
“ I’ll bring some tomorrow ,” Mother replied.
“我明天捎点来,”母亲答道.
reply 作不及物动词用时,后面经常跟介词to reply to 回答：She asked me why I hadn’t replied to her letter.
Answer 日常用语,常用作及物动词,后接名词,代词或从句.例如:
He answered nothing. 他什么也没有回答.
I can’t answer you now. 我现在不答复你.
answer 也可以用作不及物动词,例如:
He did n’t answer. 他没有回答.
3) board vt. 搭乘board a plane 搭飞机
4) leave for sp 出发去某地
2.via 1)经由(by way of ) ,取……途径
We went to London via Siberia. 我们经过西伯利亚到伦敦去.
2) 凭借,通过(by means of ) 以…为媒介
via airmail 以航空邮寄He sent me a love letter via one of my friends. 他通过我的一个朋友把情书寄给了我.
3.But when land came into sight, the Endurance became trapped in the
ice and began to break up. 但当人们看见陆地的时候,“耐力”号却陷在冰块里并开始解体。

1）come into sight 进入视野，看得见
We’ll fire as soon as the enemy come into sight.
敌人一进入视野我们就开火。

相关短语: go out of sight 从视野中消失；变得看不见
lose sight of 失去……的音信，忘记，忽略
catch sight of 看见in sight 在看得见的范围内
out of sight 在看不见的范围之内。

2）break up 碎开，粉碎
The ship broke up on the rocks. 船触礁撞碎了。

关系破裂，中止
Their marriage broke up. 他们的婚姻已破裂.
解散；散去
The meeting broke up at 11 o’clock.
会议是11点散的。

The police used tear gas to break up the demonstration.
警察用催泪瓦斯驱散示威的群众。

4.They then headed north , pulling three life boats behind them.
head 为动词head for 出发向某个地方
5.When they reached the island, Shackleton came up with an idea—it
was a risk but he would have to take it. 他们抵达小岛后，沙克而顿想出一个主意――这是一场冒险，但他得试一试。

1）come up with : think of (a plan, answer, reply…),produce
He couldn’t come up with an answer when I asked why he was late.
Can you come up with a way out?
2）take a risk 冒险
The risk is worth taking, I think.
He took so many risks and succeeded all the time.
6.Shackleton kept his promise. More than three months later, hr returned
to Elephant Island to rescue the crew he had been forced to abandon.
沙而顿没有食言。

三个月后，他回到大象岛解救那些他被迫遗弃的船员。

1）许诺/违背/信守诺言分别是make /break/keep one’s promise 2）crew 通常是指船长以外的全体船员.
7. failure 和success 可以抽象名词具体化. 例如: He is a success. 他是个成功的人. He is a failure. 他是个失败的人.。