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2018年高考英语一轮复习 每日一题(第13周)同位语从句和定语从句的区别(含解析)

同位语从句和定语从句的区别
高考频度:★★★★☆难易程度:★★★★☆
—Is it true that Mike refused an offer from Yale University yesterday?
—Yeah, but I have no idea ____________ he did it; that’s one of his fa vorite universities.
A. when
B. why
C. that
D. how
【答案】B
【解析】此处____________ he did it对名词idea解释说明,是同位语从句。

答句句意:我不知道Mike为什么放弃了耶鲁大学,那是他最喜欢的大学之一。

A项表"时间",D项表"方式",均不合题意。

have no idea = do not know,后面的从句应该表示"疑问",排除表"确定事实"的C项。

故本题选择B项。

why表示"原因"。

指南针这个事实是众所周知的。

(同位语从句)
The fact that we talked about is very important.我们谈论的这个事实很重要。

(定语从句)
如何区别同位语从句和定语从句
同位语从句和定语从句在形式上基本相同,都是跟在名词或代词之后,且又常由that引导。

但它们的句法功能却是不同的,我们可以从三个方面来加以区别。

(1)根据that来区别。

引导定语从句的that是关系代词,除了起连接主句和从句的作用外,还代替先行词在从句中充当一个成分。

而且这个that还常可以用which来代替。

引导同位语从句的that是个连词,只起连接主句和从句的作用,在从句中不充当任何成分,也不能用which来代替。

例如:
The fact that(which)we talked about is very important.我们所谈论的那个事实很重要。

(that在从句中作about的宾语)
The fact that he succeeded in the experiment pleased everybody.他实验成功这个事实使我们大家很高兴。

(that只起连接作用)
Here comes the news that some tourists from America will come to our village.消息传来,说一些美国旅游者要来我们村。

(that只起连接作用)
(2)根据先行词来区别。

体内容)
(3)根据引导词来区别。

如果引导从句的词为when,where,why或者how,而其前面的名词又分别表示时间、地点、原因或方式方法等意义,则它们为关系副词,引导的是定语从句。

例如:
I’ll never forget the day when I saw the Great Wall.我永远不会忘记我见到长城的那一
1.The belief,as is a commonly accepted saying ___________ practice makes perfect fails
to work wonders if repeated without action.
A.what
B.which
C.that
D.where
2.It is the promise _______ the government will ban students from using mobile phones
at school _______ excites the teachers and parents.
A.that, that
B.which, that
C.不填 ; that
D.that, which
3.The information sent by the robots from Mars has offered a scientific proof _______ there existed water on Mars.
A.if
B.whether
C.where
D.that
4.The news spread quickly through the village___________the war had ended,
___________made villagers wild with joy.
A.which; that
B.that; what
C.that; which
D.what; which
5.There is hard evidence___________George has something to do with the murder.
A.which
B.what
C.why
D.that
参考答案
该从句内容和结构完整,应该用that引导;第二空应用that与It is构成强调句It is…that …,强调部分为句子的主语the promise。

进步,在于总结。

我在这,总结在哪儿?
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