The artistic form of Beijing opera
Beijing Opera is a comprehensive performing arts. That are sing, read , do and fight.
Sing and Read make up the "song", one of the two elements for the performing arts Do and Fight make up another big factor "dance"
Wudan
Laodan
Daomadan
Huadan
Qingyi
Dan, which means “morning” or “masculine”(阳性的），is contrary to the feminine (阴性的）nature of the characters. Women belong to feminine. So the opposite meanings is “Dan”
singing is good at using vocal skills to express the character's personality, emotional and mental state
“read” means NianBai, cooperate with sing and complement each other, also the important art means of characters thoughts and feelings
“Fight” general divided into “Handle work" and “Blanket work“ and it also refers to some hard skills
“Do” generally refers to the form of dance movements and is one of the main sign of drama.
Anhui troupes 1790
Beijing Opera
Fully formed By 1845 Hubei troupes 1828
In 1790s,four well-known opera groups from Anhui province headed to Beijing to celebrate 80th birthday of the Qianlong Emperor and then Anhui Opera(徽剧) integrated(整合) with Shanxi Opera(秦腔) and Kunqu Opera(昆剧) They are named Sanqing(三庆班) Sixi(四喜 班) Hechun(和春班) and Chuntai(春台班)

red denotes uprightness( 正直) a evil or crafty characters.
black is given to characters of soundness and integrity( 正直).
The origin of Beijing opera
Ancient Chinese Opera originated in Qing and Han Dynasty, which came from traditional songs and dances, such as the Nuo play(傩戏) and Community„s Fire(社火).
Wu sheng
The wusheng is a martial character for roles involving combat(战斗）. They are highly trained in acrobatics（杂 技）, and have a natural voice when singing
Costume of Beijing opera
COSTUME:
1、The first clothing
2、The second clothing
3、The third clothing
The first clothing Classify:
Python(大蟒) Improve python Flag of python Officer dress Improve officer dress Learn petty officer dress The judge clothes crane cloak and Cape
It features acrobatics( 杂技) and stunts(打)
Chou
Clown(丑角): （1）gentle comedian(文丑)
（2）military comedian(武丑)
（3）female comedian(女丑)
Chou has the meaning "ugly". This reflects the traditional belief that the clown's combination of ugliness and laughter could drive away evil spirits.
Wen Chou, civilian roles such as merchants（商人） and jailers.
Wu Chou, minor military roles. The Wu Chou is one of the most demanding in Peking opera because of its combination of comic acting, acrobatics and a strong voice.
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Python
Improve python
Officer dress
Improve officer dress
Dan
female roles: (1) a woman with a strict moral code（道德准则） (青衣) (2) Young girl(花旦)
(3) an elderly woman（大龄女人）(老旦)
The Dan refers to any female role in Beijing Opera. Old women were played by laodan. Martial women were wudan. young female warriors were daomadan. virtuous (贞洁的) and elite women were qingyi,and vivacious (活泼的)and unmarried women were huadan
Beijing Opera
contents
Part 1: The origin of Beijing opera Part 2: The profession and artistic form
Part 3: facial makeup and costumes
Part 4: Famous characters and comparison Part 5: conclusion
facial makeup

Facial makeup (脸 谱)originates from masks of sacrifice （祭祀）. The facial makeup can Suggested character, introduce characteristic and distinguish(区分) between good evil beauty and ugliness .
Jing
painted face:
(1)categories(派别) of leading (正净)
(2)(2) assisting(副净)
(3) military jing(武净)
It is characterized by singing(唱)
It is characteriz ed by acting(做)
Sheng
Male roles: (1)middle-aged or old men(老生) (2) young men(小生)
(3) men with martial (军事的；战争的） skills(武生)
Sheng in chinese may means “strange” or “rare”, but the most taboo in acting is “sheng”. The reason by that name of sheng is to asked actors sophistication(成熟老练，老于世故). So the chief male role is a well known character
In 1828, some opera groups from Hubei province arrived in Beijing and then the Erhuang(二黄) Tone merged with Xipi(西皮) Tone of Hubei forming a new type of music called Pihuang(皮黄) The groups from Anhui province and Hubei province always acted in the same stage . Gradually, a new opera with Beijing dialect (方言)pronunciation was born.
Lao sheng
The laosheng is dignified(庄严地；高贵 的） older role .These characters have a gentle and cultivated （有教养的） disposition（性情） and wear sensible（明 智的） costumes