Maximum stress amplitude distribution
Reduced equivalent amplitudes Fatigue crack, resulted from experimental research
Flat-car platform frame: experiment referencing

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Integration of movement equation

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Evaluation results: flat-car platform frame

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o g i e
Simulation of dynamics of a system with wedge dampers

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i l
Three-piece bogie by AmstedRail, USA, 2008
Operation conditions
Wheel/Rail profile
LoadБайду номын сангаас
Empty
Loaded
Track profile
Tangent
R=650m
R=350m
Tangent
R=650m
R=350m
Speed, km/h
40
60
80
90
Performances
Nadal Criterion
Maximal stress distribution (MPa)
Maximal stress amplitude distribution (MPa)
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Durability: experiment verification Evaluation results Evaluated dangerous area
Operation conditions
Wheel/Rail profile
Load
Empty
Loaded
Track profile
Tangent
R=650m
R=350m
Tangent
R=650m
R=350m
Speed, km/h
40
60
80
90
Performances
Wheel profile wear

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Case Study: Choice of Rational Gauge
worn New
The problem appears because of the increased wear of wheel profiles. Russian Railways initiated researches concerning influence of track gauge on wheel profile wear and railway safety.

Fracture pattern
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Multibody model of three-piece bogie Experimental verification Flexible bodies, stress load and durability Application
Hybrid model of three-piece bogie with flexible side frame
Control points for stress calculation

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Calculation of stresses
Integration of movement equation of the freight wagon. Way is uneven, R=300 m.

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Example for hybrid model creation
Rigid body subsystem «Container» Flexible subsystem «Platform frame»: 15748 nodes 15324 finite elements Rigid body subsystems «Bogies»

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Mutivariant Analysis
Wheel profile wear and lateral forces
Object Freight Car with three piece bogies New/New New/Worn-out

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Friction system of three-piece bogie
Friction wedges
Model has 114 degrees of freedom and more than 250 contact interactions Contact points for the wedge

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Factor Analysis
Response function: friction work in wheel/rail contact
Models and Applications
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Simulation of Freight Car Dynamics: Mathematical Model, Safety, Wear
Computational Mechanics Ltd. Bryansk, Russia Dmitry Pogorelov, Vitaly Simonov, Roman Kovalev Vladislav Yazykov, Nikolay Lysikov

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Contents
Multibody model of three-piece bogie Experimental verification Flexible bodies, stress load and durability Application

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Three-piece bogie K6, China
Diagonal cross braces
Chinese three-piece bogie K6, model by SRI Ltd., China, 2009

Alternative gauge
А1
A2
...
A9

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Simulation Results
Movement in Tangent
Normalized data
The estimated rational gauge for tangent track coincides with the present gauge 1520 mm

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Experimental verification: comparison of experimental and simulation results
Normal and friction forces between a frictional wedge and a side frame

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Stress calculation for side frame
Finite element model of side frame contain: nodes 102185, finite elements 421653, 39 flexible modes Bottom view
Hybrid model of platform car with containers

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Eigenmode computation
Platform car eigenmode (frequency 3.57 Hz)
Platform car eigenmode (frequency 4.55 Hz)
experiment
simulation

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Multibody model of three-piece bogie Experimental verification Flexible bodies, stress load and durability Application
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Three-piece bogie 18-9810 and 189855
Tikhvin Freight Car Building Plant, Tikhvin, Russia, 2012

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Multibody model of three-piece bogie Experimental verification Flexible bodies, stress load and durability Application

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Prof. Alexander Pavlukov, Ekaterinburg, Russia
Pavlukov and others ran test bench experiments with a freight three-piece bogie. Convergence between results of numerical simulation and test bench experiments within 12% bounds is obtained.