Would you please pass me the dictionary? 5) S+LV+P: 她看上去很失望。 She looks disappointed.
英语和汉语结构上的差异

2. TC/TR
(Topic+Comment/Theme+Rheme主题-评述句) 1）大象，鼻子长。 The elephant has a long nose. 2）吃，北京很方便。 Various restaurants are available in Beijing.

英语和汉语结构上的差异

5 ）表示存现（事物存在、出现或消失的句子） 有很多问题亟待解决。
英语和汉语结构上的差异

2）表达不满，但不失礼貌的语气
为什么总把这些麻烦事退给我呢？ Why are these troubles always left to me? 3）省略第一人称主语“我”或“我们” 希望一切问题都会迎刃而解。 I hope that all the problems will be readily solved.

这是我们取得成功最可靠的保证。
八、英语多引申，汉语多推理

He made a sure step out of the mud.
他从泥淖中跨出了稳健的一步。 She had a sure grasp of the subject. 她对于这门学科的知识掌握得很牢固。 He is very sure in his beliefs. 他的信仰十分坚定。
（“方便”指“饭店容易找到”---be available）
英语和汉语结构上的差异

3 ）成百万原来享受免费医疗的城市居民，今 后的医疗费用要自己承担一部分。
分 析 ： 享 受 免 费 医 疗 -- be entitled to free medical care Millions of urban residents who were entitled to free medical care will have to pay part of their medical expenses.


英语和汉语结构上的差异

4）出去吃饭，我请你。
I’ll invite you to dinner.
英语和汉语结构上的差异

3. Zero-subject Structure（无主句）
火！注意！ Fire！Attention/Look out! 1）表达客观、科学、公正的语气 在海拔5000米的高空采集到了这种空气样本。 This air sample has been collected at the altitude of 5,000 meters above sea level.

2) S+Vt+O: 全班都在看电视。
The whole class are watching TV. 3) S+V+O+C: 我们听到许多人在公园里唱歌。 We heard many people singing in the park.
英语和汉语结构上的差异

4) S+V+iO+dO: 你能递给我那本词典吗？
英语和汉语结构上的差异

3. S（主）+ Lv（系动词）+ P（表）
This is mine. She is beautiful. Class is over. He is in good health. The film is interesting.
英语和汉语结构上的差异
九、英语多省略，汉语多补充

Ambition is the mother of destruction as well as of evil.
Reading exercises one’s eyes; speaking, one’s tongue; while writing, one’s mind.(F. Bacon)
一、英语重结构，汉语重语义

Children will play with dolls equipped with
personality chips, computers with in built personalities will be regarded as workmates rather than tools, relaxation will be in front of smell television, and digital age will have
and which is puzzling me？

我有一个问题弄不懂，想请教你，你能回答吗？
四、英语多代词，汉语多名词

There will be television chat shows hosted by
robots, and cars with pollution monitors that
英语和汉语结构上的差异

ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
B. 汉 语 句 型 的 基 本 结 构 : SV, TC/TR （ Topic+Comment/Theme+Rheme 主 题 - 评 述 句）, Zero-subject
1. S+V （主谓结构） 1) S+V: 他们没有来。


They didn’t come.
英语和汉语结构上的差异
英语和汉语结构上的差异

4）一些谚语或表示哲理的句子 留得青山在，不怕没柴烧。

As long as there are green mountains, one need not worry about firewood.
Where there is a life, there is hope.


五、英语多被动，汉语多主动

It must have been taken away by him.
那一定是(被)他拿走了。 You will be drowned if you are not careful. 若是不小心，你就会(被)淹死。 In the development of social economy, the culture tradition must be kept. 在社会经济发展过程中，文化传统必须 ( 被 ) 保 持。

六、英语多变化，汉语多重复

The
monkey’s
most
extraordinary
accomplishment was learning to operate a
tractor. By the age of nine, the monkey had
learned to solo on the vehicle.
七、英语多抽象，汉语多具体

Until such time as mankind has the sense to lower its population to the points where the planet can provide a comfortable support for all, people will have to accept more “unnatural food.”
英语和汉语结构上的差异

A. 英语句型的基本结构:
SV, SVO, SVP, SVOO, SVOC 1. S（主） + Vi（不及物动词）+…… Birds sing beautifully. He went on holiday. We stopped to have a rest. I’ll go swimming.
arrived.
二、英语多长句，汉语多短句

In the doorway lay at least twelve umbrellas of
all sizes and colors.

门口放着一堆雨伞，少说有十二把，五颜六色，
大小不一。
三、英语多从句，汉语多分句

Can you answer a question which I want to ask
五、英语多被动，汉语多主动

It is suggested that...
It is agreed that... It can not be denied that... It will be seen from this that... It should be realized that... It is (always) stressed that... It is (generally) considered that...
八、英语多引申，汉语多推理

我们看一看sure这个词在不同句子中的含义：
I am not quite sure of his having said it. 我不能确定他是否说过这话。 This is the surest guarantee that we shall be successful.


一个和尚挑水吃，两个和尚抬水吃，三个和尚 没水吃。
十、英语多前重心，汉语多后重心

I was all the more delighted when, as a result of
the initiative of your Government it proved
possible to reinstate (恢复) the visit so quickly.
英语和汉语结构上的差异