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讨论： 什么情况下才能用现在分词 做状语？
When he saw his mother A.观察下列句子 ,找出分词动作的发出者。 seeing his mother，the baby burst into
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Because he was poor laughter. Being poor, he couldn’t afford a TV --set. When I was walking in the beach Walking in the beach, I picked up some colorful seashells.
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注意2：如果分词和句子没有 逻辑上的主谓关系，则不能用 单个的分词作状语，可以用分 词的独立主格结构或状语从 句．
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现在分词的独立结构为名词或代 词＋分词，名词或代词是分词的 逻辑主语 Time permitting, I’ll call on you this Sunday. He entering the office, a letter was found on the ground.
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⑵如果分词表示的是一个极短暂的动
作,这动作一发生,谓语表示的动作立 即发生,也用分词的一般形式. Hearing the news, they all jumped with joy.
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2.现在分词何时用完成形式？
当分词的动作是由主语发出，而 且发生在谓语动作之前，则用分 词的完成形式． Having finished the class, she went home. =After she finished the class…
What is the similarities of these sentences?
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现在分词作状语
e.g.
1.从句主语和主句 主语一致 2.句子的主语是分 词动作的发出者
Seeing those pictures, she remembered her childhood.
When she saw those pictures, she remembered her childhood.
When he saw his mother A.观察下列句子 ,找出分词动作的发出者。 seeing his mother，the baby burst into
---- ------
Because he was poor laughter. Being poor, he couldn’t afford a TV --set. When I was walking in the beach Walking in the beach, I picked up some colorful seashells.
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3.现在分词何时用进行被动式？ 当分词的动作由主语承受，而且 分词的动作与谓语动词同时发生 时． Being criticized by the employer, the new employee hung his head.
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4.现在分词何时用完成的被动式？ 当分词表示的动作在谓语所表示 的动作之前发生，且分词表示的 动作由主语承受． Having been praised for his job, Tom worked harder.
a.（从句的主语）和 （主句的主语）必须一致 b.现在分词作状语含有 主动 和 _____ 进行 意义。 _____
现在分词作状语有四种形式 1.一般形式，由动词原形＋ing构成． 2.完成形式，由having+过去分词． 3.进行被动式：由being＋过去分词 4.完成被动式：由having been＋过去 分词构成
现在分词作状语相当于状语从句
你知道哪些状语从 句？
时间、原因、结果、条件、 让步、方式或伴随…
B 辨别句子中分词所表示的状语从句类型
Holding the note in his hand, he stood there quietly.方式 The old man died, leaving nothing but debts.结果 Being ill , she didn’t go to school today.原因
5.The visiting Minister expressed his satisfaction with the tacks, that he had enjoyed his stay here. A.having added B.to add C.adding D.added
Conclusion 现在分词作状语代替状语从句:
2.Because he was ill, he couldn’t go to school.
Being ill, he couldn’t go to school. *现在分词短语作原因状语 *现在分词动作的发出者是( he )
3.When they saw their teacher, the students stood up.
注意：现在分词短语作时间状语，所表 示的动作与主句的动作同时发生，有时 可由连词明其功能
1.If you work harder at English, you will make greater progress.
Working harder at English, you will make greater progress. *现在分词短语作条件状语 *现在分词动作的发出者是( you )
*现在分词动作的发出者是( they )
5.The children came into the classroom, and they laughed and talked.
The children came into the classroom, laughing and talking. *现在分词短语作伴随或方式状语 *现在分词动作的发出者是( the children )
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A 3. “Can’t you read?” Mary said _______ to the notice. A. angrily pointing B. and point angrily
C. angrily point
D. and angrily pointing
现在分词作伴随状语
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C a reply, he decided to write again. 4. ____ A. Not receiving B. Receiving not C. Not having received D. Having not received 作原因状语 现在分词作原因状语，分词结构中否 定词通常放在现在分词前面。
Staying here for some time, you’ll find the people here are friendly.条件
When leaving the airport ,they waved again and again.时间 While reading the book, he nodded from time to time.时间
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单句改错 1. Having not seen the film, I can’t tell you what I think of it. Not having 2. The men worked for extra hours got an extra pay. working 3. Seen from the top of the hill, we find the city more beautiful. Seeing 4. Generally speak, facial expressions are helpful communications, too. speaking
D. Choose the best answer.
1._______ at my classmates’ faces, I read the same excitement in their eyes. A.Looking B. Look C. To look D. Looked
2.“Can’t you read?” Mary said ________ to the notice. A.angrily pointing B. and point angrily C.angrily pointed D. and angrily pointing
4.When____ different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similarities. A.being compared paring C.having compared pared
现在分词的否定式是在一般式和完成式的 前面加not (never)
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1.现在分词何时用一般形式?
⑴当分词的动作是由主语发出，而且
和谓语动词同时发生，则用分词的一 般形式． He was ill and didn’t attend the meeting.
=Being ill, he didn’t attend the meeting.
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分词作状语时,在少数情况下,其逻辑 主语与句子的主语不一致,分词用来 修饰全句
Judging from his accent, he seemed to be from Hunan province. =If we judge…

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高考链接
1.The secretary worked late into the B night, _____a long speech for the president. A. To prepare B. preparing C. prepared D. was preparing 现在分词作伴随状语 2.European football is played in 80 countries, A it the most popular sport in the world. ______ A. Making B. makes 现在分词表结果状语 C. made D. to make