虚拟语气
虚拟语气定义
1.英语动词有三种语气: 陈述语气，祈 使语气和虚拟语气。
2. 定义：用来表示说的话不是事实， 或者是不可能发生或可能性比较小的 情况，而是一种愿望，建议，假设的 语气叫虚拟语气。
虚拟语气的考点
1.一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法； 2.条件句中虚拟语气的倒装； 3.名词性从句中虚拟语气的用法； 4.状语从句中虚拟语气的用法； 5.几种特殊结构中虚拟语气用法； 6.虚拟语气与陈述语气的判定。
名词从句中虚拟语气的用法
1. 宾语从句中的虚拟语气
1）wish引导的宾语从句 现在： 过去时 (did/were)
wish
过去： 过去完成时 (had done)
3. If I had HIV, I would know because I would feel sick.
4. If I were you, I would give AIDS patient a hug.
与未来事实可能相反
5. If it should rain tomorrow, they wouldn’t go for an outing.
without和but for构成虚拟。
• Without sunlight, people’s life would be different from today.
• But for your help, I wouldn’t have finished the work.
•But for water, it would be impossible to live in the desert.
If the weather had been finer, the crops would be growing still better.
If you had followed the teacher’s advice, you wouldn’t be in the hospital.
4. 含蓄虚拟条件句：
did / were should do were to do
would should + do sth could Might
与现在事实相反
1. If I had taken your advice, I wouldn’t have made a mistake.
2. If he had been there, it wouldn’t have happened. 与过去事实相反
一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法
1.一般条件句中的虚拟语气
时间 过去
If 条件句 had done
would should could might
主句 +have done sth
现在
助动词 be用 were 实义动词 do 用 did
would should could might
+ do sth
将来
Had I had time, I would have run round that lake again.
If there should be a flood, what should we do? Should there be a flood, what should we do?
3. 混合(时间错综)型虚拟语气： 假设条件从句谓语动词发生的时间与主句 所假设的谓语动词不一致，叫做错综条件 虚拟语气。主句和从句的谓语动词要依照 假设的时间而定。
6. I think we could do it, if we planned it properly and could borrow the tools.
7. If we were to have three days off , we would enjoy a very happy life.
1.If I were you, I _C___ buy the house right now. A. won’t B. don’t C. wouldn’t D. can’t
2. _B____more careful, his ship would not have sunk.
A. If the captain were B. If the captain had been C. Should the captain be D. If the captain would have been 3. If he A___ me tomorrow, I would let him know. A. should call B. should not have been able C. were not able D. are not able
真实语气 + otherwise/or + 虚拟语气 I should have returned the book last week, but I was so busy that I forgot to do so. He could have done the work well, but he was so careless. 虚拟语气 + but &en) for…
5. 虚实结合条件句。 She wasn’t feeling very well. Otherwise she wouldn’t have left the meeting so early. He telephoned me to inform me of your birthday, or I would have known nothing about it.
2.条件句中虚拟语气的倒装； 条件从句中含有should，were， had 三个助动词 可将其放在句首，并把if省略。
If I were you, I would give it up. Were I you, I would give it up.
If I had had time, I would have run round that lake again.