现在完成时用法
短暂性转换延续性
1 转换成延续性动词如do keep have wear have a cold
start/begin to do sth. → do sth.
borrow → keep lose → not have
buy → have put on → wear
catch/get a cold → have a cold
get to know → know
2 be +介词
begin → be on
be in sw./at school/at home/on the farm
3 be +形容词，副词
come/go back, return → be back come/go out → be out close → be closed open → be open
become → be
get up → be up die → be dead
leave sw. → be away from sw.
fall asleep/get tot sleep → be asleep
finish/end → be over marry → be married
be here/be there
4 join用法
join the league/the Party/the army
→ be a league/a Party member /a soldier
→ be a member of the league/the Party
→ be in the league/the Party/the army
①arrive at/in sw. get to/reach sw. come/go/move to sw.
→be in sw./at school/at home/on the farm/be here/be there
He got to Beijing five minutes ago.
He ________ _________ _________ Beijing for _________ _________.
I moved to the USA last year.
I ________ ________ __________ the USA since __________ __________.
I went home yesterday.
I _______ ________ _________ home for _________ __________.
They came here last week.
They _________ _________ here since _________ __________.
②come/go back, return → be back come/go out → be out
He came out two years ago.
He _________ __________ _________ for __________ __________.
We return to Fuzhou yesterday.
We ________ ________ _________ to Fuzhou since __________.
③become → be
I became a teacher in 2000.
I ________ __________ a teacher for _________ _________.
The river became dirty last year.
The river _________ _________ dirty for _________ __________.
④close → be closed open → be open
The shop closed two hours ago.
The shop ________ _________ _________ for _________ _________.
The door opened at six in the morning.
The door ________ ________ ________ for six hours.
⑤get up → be up die → be dead
leave sw. → be away from sw.
fall asleep/get tot sleep → be asleep
finish/end → be over marry → be married
I got up two hours ago.
I ________ ________ ________ since ________ ________.
He left Fuzhou just now.
He _______ ________ ________ _________ Fuzhou for five minutes.
My grandpa died in 2002.
My grandpa _______ _______ ________for _______ ________.
The meeting finished at six.
The meeting ________ ______ ______ for six hours.
I got to sleep two hours ago.
I ________ _________ _________ since _________ __________.
They married in 1990.
They ________ _________ __________since _________.
⑥start/begin to do sth. → do sth. begin → be on
I began to teach at this school in 1995.
I ____ ____ at this school since ____.
The film began two minutes ago.
The film ____ ____ ____ for ____ ____.
⑦borrow → keep lose → not have buy → have put on → wear catch/get a cold → have a cold get to know → know
They borrowed it last week.
They _________ _________ it since __________ __________.
I bought a pen two hours ago.
I _________ _________ a pen for ________ __________.
I got to know him last year.
I _________ __________ him since __________ __________.
I put on my glasses three years ago.
I __________ __________ my glasses for _________ _________.
⑧have/has gone to → have been in
He has gone to Beijing.
He ____ ____ _____ Beijing for two days.
⑨join the league/the Party/the army
→ be a league/a Party member/a soldier
→ be a member of the league/the Party
→ be in the league/the Party/the army
He joined the league in 2002.入团
He ________ _________ a _________ _________ for two years.
He ________ __________ a __________ ___________ the __________ for two years.
He ____________ ___________ ___________ the league for two years.
My brother joined the army two years ago.
My brother __________ __________ a ___________ for ___________ ___________.
My brother ___________ ___________ in ____________ ___________ for two years.。