-英语报刊选读A及答案《英语报刊阅读》试题（A 卷） Part I Reconstruct the messages of the following stories: (1% for each, 10%) Example: Italia n Ex-Mayor Murdered headli nes of news............. .：号学..........................・.;名 :级班 ：级年 ：点学教---An Italian Ex-Mayor Is Murdered 1. ________ US ________ told not exploit 2. Rubin________ Greenspan ________ at odds. 3. Visitors _______ flocking to Mao ' birth place. 4. sports store. Tibet issue. man ________ q uizzed after _______ wife is knifed in Part n Read the following passage and answer the Questions A 5-34 (1% for each,30%) and B 35-44 (2% for each,20%) A Tuiti on Reform for Higher Educati on Chinese institutions of higher learning have quickened their pace of reform in recent years. Changing enrollment practices and higher tuition fees constitute and importa nt part of the reform. Schools which once admitted stude nts almost exclusively accord ing to state pla ns are beco ming more accepti ng of stude nts sent by work groups for further training and those who pay their own fees. Regular universities and colleges plan to enroll about 786 200 students this year, up 158 200 or 25 perce nt over last year's figure. Of these, 216 000, or 27.4 perce nt, will be sent by their work groups or will pay their own way. In the past, the state paid all tuition and school fees for university students, a matter of policy since New China was established in 1949. Although this practice guaranteed the supply of qualified personnel, it brought a heavy burden to the sate, hindering further development of higher education. Since higher education is non —— compulsory education in China, to charge appropriate fees will help improve schoolfacilities and expedite the developme nt of educati on in this stage. As an added ben efit, pay ing their own way will en courage stude nts to study harder. The reform will take effect in two direct ions. State — finan ced stude nts will beg in paying part of the costs of their education, and more self — paying students will be accepted. In August 1989, un der the directi on of the State coun cil, the State Educati on Commission, the Ministry of Finance and the Sate Price Bureau drew up stipulations concerning the amount of charges on tuiti on, accommodati on and other expe nses for stude nts of in stituti ons of higher lear ning. Beg inning from that year, freshme n at regular universities and colleges and professional schools (including cadres taking special training courses and students working on a second degree) were charged 100 yuan (about us $17) each for their tuition fee, and this low charge is expected to be raised gradually. The figure was higher in special economic zones and economically developed regi ons such as Guangdong Province and Shan ghai, but was capped at 300 yuan. Stude nts liv ing on campus paid about 20 yua n per year for accommodatio n and the charge was slightly higher for better furnishing. Normal school students and those admitted on scholarships n eed only pay for accommodati on. Reduced tuiti ons and fees are available to stude nts in n eed of finan cial assista nee, but accommodati on expe nses will remain the same. In June 1992, the State Education Commission, the Ministry of Finance and the State Price Bureau decided to allow regular institutions of higher education to set their own tuition rates and charges for accommodation, short —term training programs, corresp ondence courses and ni ght school. These should be determ ined accord ing to the n eeds of each school, the abilities of stude nts to pay and gen eral con diti ons in each area. The tuiti on for stude nts in the scie nces and engin eeri ng can range from 300 to 500 yua n per academic year. Liberal arts, history and economics students of the fine arts pay 400 to 600 yuan per year, and students of the fine arts 400 to 750 yuan. Statistics for 1992 show students paid an average of 340 yuan in tuition that year, only 5 percent of the real cost. Measures have bee n take n to limit the possible detrime ntal affects of rising tuition. Shanghai, for instance, exempts the children of revolutionary martyrs from paying tuition.And these costs may be reduced or waived for students with limited family financial support as their parents are either both dead or are receiving subsidies from their work units. Some........... ::号学:级班 ：级年 •:名:点学教colleges have also set up work —study programs to benefit students with financial difficulties.Guidelines concerning self —paying students were first set out in 1989. The State Education Commission, the Ministry of Finance and the State Price Bureau stipulated that these students should pay 80 percent of the cost of their education. Such students who live on campus pay the standard rate for accommodation and must cover their own medical expenses. The charge for each self —paying student averaged 2 000 yuan of the cost in 1992, or 30 percent of the cost. Charges for undergraduates and students of special colleges whose education is sponsored by work units, with payment coming either in part or in full from their units, are somewhat higher. Self —paying students are not assigned jobs by the state after graduation, whereas students sent by their units will return to them after graduating.Charges for correspondence courses and night school are equal to or slightly higher than those for full-time students enrolled according to the state plan.With their improvement of their living standards and the deepening of reform, people in general accept the changes in the tuition system. To facilitate the development of higher education, the increases in tuition rates will be more flexible and diversified. Student payments will be augmented by finding from the state, enterprises and funds raised from the public. Laws and regulations will by enacted to ensure steady progress, and overseas organizations and individuals are encouraged to set up and operate schools in China.--21st Century, Apr.20, 1992 Reading Comprehension Circle the letter that best suits the answer or completes the statement.5. Changing enrollment practices and higher tuition fees __ .A. pay an important part in the reformB. make up an important part of the reformC. include an important part of the reformD. hold an important part of the reform6. Regular universities and colleges plan to enroll about 786 200 students this year .A. which is the same as last years figureB. which is more than last year's figure by 158 200C. which is 25 per cent over last year's figureD. both B and C7. Among 786 200 students ___ will be sent by their work groups or willpay their own way.A. 158 200B. 21 600C. 27.4 per centD. 25 per cent8. Since New China was established, all tuition and school fees for university students.A. Were paid by their work groupsB. Were paid by the students themselvesC. Were paid by the stateD. Were paid by the local government9. The policy which the state paid all tuition and school fees for university students .A. Brought lots of profits to the stateB. Was helpful to further development of higher educationC. Brought many advantages to the stateD. Brought expense and trouble to the state10. Which statement is not true?A. To charge appropriate fees will help improve school facilitiesB. As an added benefit, paying their own way will encourage students to study harderC. Higher education is compulsory education in ChinaD. Tuition reform for higher education will take effect in two directions11. Stipulati ons concerning the amount of charges on tuiti on, accommodati on and other expe nses for stude nts of in stituti ons of higher lear ning was drafted by _ .A. the State Educatio n Commissio nB. the State Cou ncilC. the uni versities and collegesD. the State Educatio n Commissio n, the Min istry of Finance and the State Price Bureau12. The figure on tuition fee was higher in special economic zones and cono mically developed regi ons, but wasC. over 300 yua nD. much more tha n 300 yuanA. fixed at 300 yuanB. limited in 300 yuan13. Stude nts in n eed of finan cial assista nee _ .A. can get a grantB. n eed only pay for accommodati onC. ca n get support from the local gover nmentD. can enjoy reduced tuiti ons and fees14. According to the stipulations made by the State Education Commission, the Ministry of Finance and the State Price Bureau, the tuition for students in the sciences and engin eeri ng can ______.A. be cha nged betwee n 300 and 500 yua n per academic yearB. be fixed at 300 or 500 yua n per yearC. be set at 400 or 600 yuan per yearD. be exte nded from 400 to 750 yua n per year' 15. The childre n of revoluti onary martyrs in Shan ghai __ .A. enjoy reduced tuiti onB. enjoy free charge tuiti onC. gai n allowa nee from gover nmentD. receive subsidies from their pare nts work un its16. Stipulatio ns concerning self ——pay ing stude nts took effect in .A. 1989B. 1992C. 1990D. 1991内17. Charges for un dergraduates and stude nts of special colleges whose educati onisspon sored by work un its ___ .A. are set at 2 000 yua n per yearB. are exempted 50 per cent from the whole cost of their educati onC. are rather higherD. are exempted 30 perce nt18. Self—pay ing stude nts, after their graduati on, _ .A. will return to their un itsB. will be appo in ted to do some work by the stateC. are provided employme nts by the statD. are not assig ned jobs by the state19. Which stateme nt is true?A. The in creases in tuiti on rates can not be cha nged easilyB. Stude nts payme nt will be decreased by funding from the state and en terprisesC. Laws and regulati ons will be made to en sure steady progressD. People in general can't accept the change in the tuition reformVocabularyChoose the best an swer to expla in the meaning of the un derli ned word or phrase.20. Chinese institutions of higher learning have quickened their pace of reform inrece nt year ___ .A. Walki ngB. stepC. footD. speed' 21. Changing en rollme nt practices and higher tuiti on fees con stitute an importa nt part of the reform ___ .A. Make upB. establishC. holdD. Complete22. Although this practice guaranteed the supply of qualified personnel, it brought aheavy burde n to the state ____ .A. it brought the state expe nse and troubleB. it brought the state sufferi ngC. it made the state involve in difficultiesD. it caused the state involved in troubles23. The reform will take effect in two directions __ .A. will take placeB. will come into forceC. will affectD. will have an influence24. The figure was higher in special economic zones and economically developed regions such as Guangdong, province and Shanghai, but was capped at 300 yuan .A. coveredB. aboutC. overD. much more than25. This Ministry of Finance and the State Price Bureau decided to allow regular institutions of higher education to set their own tuition rates and charges for accommodation ______ .A. decideB. fixC. put forwardD. Both A and B26. The tuition for students in the sciences and engineering can range from300 to 500 yuan per academic year __ .A. be charged between 300 and 500B. set at 300 or 500C. be decided at 300 or 500D. extend from 300 to 50027. Measures have been taken to limit the possible detrimental affects of rising tuition .A. determinedB. damageC. harmfulD. influential28. Shanghai, for instance, exempts the children of revolutionary martyrs from paying tuition _______ .A. charges a little forB. makes free charge forC. reduces the charge forD. Both A and B《英语报刊阅读》试卷（A 卷）第8页共16 页29. And these costs may be reduced or waived for students with limited family financial support as their parents are either both dead or are receiving subsidies from their work units ___________________ .A. insisted onB. not enforcedC. chargedD. exempted30. Some colleges have also set up work—study programs to benefit students with financial difficulties ______ .A. helpB. give money toC. give profits toD. send allowance of money to31. The State Educational Commission, the Ministry of Finance and the State Price Bureau stipulated that these students should pay 80 percent of the cost of their education .A. arrangedB. advocatedC. stated clearlyD. stimulated32. Such students who live on campus pay the standard rate for accommodation and must cover their own medical expenses ________________ .A. includeB. exemptC. changeD. provide money for33. Self—paying students are not assigned jobs by the state after graduation, whereas students sent by their units will return to them after graduation ___ .A. After graduation the state doesn't give employments to the self —paying studentsB. After graduation, the state doesn't appoint the self —paying students to do some workC. After graduation, the self-paying students are not going to apply for jobsD. All are wrong34. To facilitate the development of higher education, the increases in tuition rates will be more flexible and diversified _______ .A. will be more easily bent and variousB. will be more limited and various.C. will be easily changed and in variety to adapt to new conditionsD. will be raised more than beforeB Endangered Trade(The Asian Wall Street Journal, Mar., 1999)Such is the special relationship between America and its NATO partners that while that alliance cooperates to bomb Serbian forces, the U.S. and the EU are managing a trade war against each other. Fortunately, no lives are at stake in the latter conflict. Yet if it spreads unchecked, the rest of the world is sure to feel the pain of it.It's hard to decide whether the U.S. or Europe deserves the most contempt for expanding their trade war. The first fight, over bananas, is essentially a struggle between two fruit distributors with strong political connections. Now Washington and Brussels are escalating their battle over beef, with European farmers stooping to science in their claims that hormone-treated American beef is unsafe.In his first term in office, President Bill Clinton teamed up with the Republicans to push major free-trade liberalizations. Now, however, he seems bent on pursuing 'level even if playing fields,'torpedoing the world economy. The latest salvo was fired this week, with the U.S. announcing it has targeted close to $1 billion of European products for 100% tariffs if the European Union doesn't drop the hormone nonsense.The move follows an earlier announcement that the U.S. administration will fight Europe's banana import regime by hitting a range of European goods with prohibitive tariffs. Add to this renewed American threats to raise the drawbridge to Russian, Japanese and Brazilian steel, as well as administration support for a congressional vote to ban Concorde flights from Europe in relation for EU threats to refuse landing rights to old-American planes retrofitted with noise reducing technology.Mr. Clinton sounded the protectionist battle cry in his January State of the Union address, where he vowed to fight for 'a freer and fairer trading system for 21st century America.' In the case of agriculture, when the respective lobbies on both sides of the Atlantic enter the fray, that translates into a sticky situation. On the whole, American farmers are major exporters. And U.S. farmers have a good case on beef hormones. But it is nonetheless dangerous for the U.S. to shut off $1 billion in trade.This is not to excuse the EU. The hormone argument is nonsense. The World TradeOrga ni zati on has ack no wledged as much, orderi ng the EU to allow imports of American meat by May 13. Brussels has responded by saying that it needs more time becauseEuropean citizens, who supposedly don't like hormones in their food, would rebel against their governments if American meat suddenly appeared on their store shelves.Were it not for the high stakes involved for both producers and consumers, theargument might be amusing. When governments curtail trade the global economy Shrinks and for all the jobs 'saved' by protections, there are a lot more lost. The Smoot-Hawleyagricultural protections imposed by the U.S. Congress in the late 1920s certainly contributed to the Great Depression. Mr. Clinton may believe he is fightingthe good fight. But we've n ever thought much of the kind of war where you pose eve n whe n you win.Judge whether the followi ng stateme nt are True or False:35. ( ) The Trade war betwee n the U.S. and the EU has cost no lives but is equally dan gerous.36. ( ) It's very easy to decide who is to blame for expa nding the trade war.37. ( ) The very beg inning of the trade war suggests that it bears politicalsig nifica nee.38. ( ) The author agrees that horm on e-treated beef is harmful to on e's health.39. ( ) Preside nt Bill Cli nton used to be a believer of free trade, but not now.40. ( ) Level play ing fields ca do good to the world economy.41. ( ) Besides its trade war with the EU, the U.S. is also in con flict with Japa n,42. ( ) The author thinks that in the case of beef, the American farmers arejustified.43. ( ) The author thinks that it is a right decision for the U.S. to shut off $1 billi on intrade.44. ( ) The two sides have submitted the case of beef to the WTO for settleme nt.ussia and Brazil.Part 川Read the following passage and answer Questions 45 〜49 (4%for each,20%)The Rich Get Richer and ElectedBy Steven V. RobertsThe represe ntatives n ewly elected in 1984 were almost four times as wealthy as the first-term lawmakers elected on ly six years before, accord ing to a new study based one the members 'inan cial reports.Behind this remarkable a swing, the study says, are two main factors: a court decision that outlawed limits on what can didates could give to their own campaigns, and the enormous growth in the cost of pursuing a seat in Congress.As a result, it is in creas in gly difficult for can didates of modest means, particularly wome n, to mount successful challe nges to entren ched office holders.One solution, the authors contend, is a system of public financing for campaigns, but Congress seems in no mood to change the political rules any timesoon.The lower chamber is going upper class, ” said Mark Gree n, the preside nt封of The Democracy Project, a public policy in stitute based in New York. But thisevolution from a House of Representatives to a House of Lords denies thediversity of our democracy. It establishes a de facto property qualification foroffice that in creas in gly says: low and middle in come n eed not apply. ”The Democracy Project produced the study in cooperati on with the Un ited States Public In terest Research Group, a similar in stitute situated in Wash ington.But their research was not entirely theoretical. In 1980 Mr. Green was the 密Ln successful Democratic can didate for Con gress in New York's 15th District, i nManhattan. The winner was Bill Green, one of the wealthiest members ofCon gress.Of Assets and Milli on airesMembers of Con gress must report their assets in broad categories, not exact nu mbers, so the figures in the study are not precise. But the minimum averagewealth of the 43 lawmakers first elected last year was $251,292. Six years earlier, the 74 newmembers reported an average of only $41,358 in assets. With inflation figured in, the increase was almost 400 percent in real terms.Moreover, financial data on the class of 1978 indicated only one millionaire, William F.Clinger Jr., a Pennsylvania Republican. Last year's newcomers included 15 possiblemillionaires, more than a third of the entire group. Topping the list was Joseph J. Dioguardi, a Westchester Republican, who listed assets of $1 million to $2.46 million.The main reason for the change, Mr. Green maintains, is the Supreme Court decision of 1976 in the case of Buckley V. Valeo. In that case, the Court ruled that limits mandated by Congress on the amount a candidate could give to his or her own campaign were anunconstitutional abridgment of individual rights. At the same time, the Court upheld limits on amounts contributed by outsiders.“Quite naturally ”, Mr. Green said, “this puts a premium on personal wealth.The 43 Representatives newly elected in 1984 spent an average of $459,344; of that, $50,329 was their own money in an average case. Eight of the 43 spent more than $100,000 in personal funds but the clear leader was Tommy F. Robinson, an Arkansas Democrat, who contributed $441, 167 to his own campaign. Mr. DioGuardi was next with a personal donation of $210,000.The Senate Puts an even higher premium on wealth. Last year the average candidate for the Senate spent $2 million, and the roster of millionaires in the Senate is steadilygrowing.The second factor putting a premium on personal wealth, Mr. Green argues, is the rapid rise of political action committees. They tend to favor incumbents with their campaigncontributions, and a result, Mr. Green says, is that it takes a wealthy challenger to make a race of things.One apparent effect is the obstacle this poses for women who run for Congress. While women in rapidly rising numbers are capturing local and state offices, their representation on the national level has stayed static. The class of1984 included only two women: Helen D. Bentley of Maryland and Jan Meyers of Kansas, both Republicans.ft is largely men who control wealth in America, ” Mr. Green said, and ifwealth is a major variable in political success, that automatically means more men will run and win. ” Fred Wertheimer, preside nt of Common Cause, the public affairs lobby that , if you're not pers on ally wealthy, and you're not willi ng to in debt yourself to the PAC's, you face an uphill struggle just to get your message on the table.The authors of the study argue that some form of public financing for campaig ns should be in stituted. Competiti on for public office should be basedmore upon merit tha n mon ey,” asserted Gene Karpin ski, executive director of the public in terest research group.Mr. Wertheimer argues that members of Congress know they have a national scandal on their hands ” and are willing to consider public financing, or at least a total limit on PAC con tributi ons. But the cha nces for cha nge in the curre nt system rema in decidedly poor.Obviously the current occupants of Capitol Hill have kept their seats under the prese nt rules, which clearly favor in cumbe nts. Accord in gly, Mr. Gree n mai ntai ns, Congress is still probably several scandals away ” from a serious push to change the campaig n system.(From The New York Times, September 24, 1985)45. Why has the House of Represe ntatives bee n cha nging into a rich man's club or a House of Lords?46. In what way did the Court decisi on favor the wealthy can didates?47. Are women far behind men in getting Congressional offices? Please give an example for your an swer.48. What role do political acti on committees play in a campaig n for public office?49. Accord ing to the author of the study, on what basis should the political race for public office be placed?W Tran slate the follow ing into Chi nese .(20%)PartHow to n egotiateThe US is an attractive market. Its bus in ess culture, which has brought the worldShareholder value ” and IPOs ”，has been leading commercial thinking in recent years and will con ti nue to do so. But whoever wan ts to succeed in the US n eeds to remember the rules of the game.US bus in ess is described by the lyrics of the song New York, New York: If you can make it here, you can make it any where! ” Yet a euphoric approach to bus in ess is by no means eno ugh. Although bus in ess com muni cati on in the US is pleasa nt and easygo ing, it is at the same time ruthlessly focused.Communi cati ng is n atural tale nt of America ns. Whe n n egotiati ng part ners meet, the emphasis is on small talk and smili ng. There is liberal use of a sense of humour that is more direct than it is in the UK. If you give a talk in America, you should speak in arelaxed way and with ple nty of jokes to capture your audie nee's atte nti on.《英语报刊阅读》试卷(A 卷参考答案)Part I Recon struct the messages of the followi ng headli nes of n ews stories: (1% for each, 10%)1、The is the2、and are3、are4、A is his aPart 川 Read the following passage and answer Questions 45 〜49 (4% for each,20%)45. Because the House of Represe ntatives is largely composed of wealthy men, and they get elected not on their merit, but on their money.46. The court decisi on outlawed limits on the amount that a can didate could give to his 内own campaign. At the same time it upheld limits on amounts contributed by outsiders.Part n Read the following passage andeach,30 %) and B 35-44 (2% for each,20%)A:5 〜9 BDCCD 10 〜14CDBDA 密20 〜24 DAABA25 〜39BACBD B:35 〜39 TFTFT 40 〜44 FTTFT answer the Questions A 5-34 (1% for 15〜19 BACDC 30 〜34 ACDBC47. Yes. Take the Congressional election in 1984 for example, only two women got■elected.48. They play a very important role to help officeholders to get re-elected withi campaig n con tributi ons.49. Some form of public financing should be taken. Competition for public office should bebased more on merit tha n mon ey.Part IV Tran slate the followi ng into Chi nese .(20%)线美国是一个有吸引力的市场。