宾语从句基本讲解与练习宾语从句小口诀宾语从句三注意，时态语序引导词；主句一般现在时，从句不需受限制；主句一般过去时，从句须用相应时；if/whether,引，一般疑问句陈述句转that特殊问句疑问词，引导词后陈述式。

一、概念宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。

在句子中起到二、连接词在从句中不。

that在非正式场合that可以省略)1. 陈述句转化成宾语从句时，引导词用that ( 充当任何成分，也没有实在意思，只起到连接作用。

没有人告诉杰克第二天有班No one told Jack (that) there would be a class meeting the next day. 会。

Little Tom was afraid (that) he couldn't pass the exam. 小汤姆担心这次考试不及格。

say, think, wish, hope, imagine, wonder, know, believe, 从句做宾语的动词有：that1】可跟【拓展等。

agree, explain, feel, suggest, hear, mean, notice等词，而宾语从句的意思是否定expect think, believe, suppose, 【拓展2】当主句谓语动词是时，常把否定转移至主句表示。

我认为他不会在会上发言的。

I don't think (that) he can give a speech at the meeting.so等后，可用等动词以及I'm afraid 【拓展3】在think, believe, imagine, suppose, guess, hope代替一个否定的宾语从句。

代替一个肯定的宾语从句，用not eg: --- Do you believe he will come? 你相信他会来吗？--- I believe so. 我相信会。

我相信不会。

I don't believe so. (或I believe not.) ---主要用来引导一般疑问句意思或选择疑问句意思的宾语引导的宾语从句, whether或if 2. 以。

或whetherif在从句中不充当任何成分，意为“是否”从句，从句是陈述句语序。

He asked me if he might use my knife. →He asked me. ？eg: “May I use your knife”】从句的主语如果是第一人称，变为宾语从句则与主句的主语一致；如果是第二人1【注意1称，则与主句的宾语一致；如果是第三人称，不用变化。

eg: “Do you know her telephone number？”He asked me.→He asked me whether I know her telephone number.【注意2】：一般情况下，whether 和if 可以互用，但有些情况例外。

①当从句做介词的宾于是只用whether 不用if。

eg: We are talking about whether we'll go on the picnic. 我们在讨论是否去野餐。

②引导词与动词不定式或or not 连用时，只用whether。

eg: Please let me know whether to do next step. 请让我知道是否开展下一步行动。

Could you tell me whether you go or not? 能告诉我你是否去吗？3. 特殊疑问句转化成宾语从句时，引导词用特殊疑问词what, which, who, whom, whose,when, where, why, how。

引导词后要用陈述句语序。

疑问词在从句中充当相应的主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语成分，且有自己的意义。

eg: Who will give us a talk? I don't know. →I don't know who will give us a talk.【注意1】特殊疑问句变为宾语从句后，句末用问号还是用句号完全取决于主句的句式：如主句为陈述句、祈使句，句末就用句号；如主句是疑问句，句末就用问号。

eg: Do you know? Where does he live? →Do you know where he lives?Which subject do you like best? He asked me. →He asked me which subject I liked best.【温馨提示1】疑问句中主语之前的助动词若是do / does / did，变为宾语从句时，要先将其去掉，谓语动词再根据时态作相应的变化。

eg: Why did you come to the party late yesterday? Can you tell me?→Can you tell me why you came to the party late yesterday?【温馨提示2】特殊疑问词在句中作主语，变为宾语从句时语序不变（时态应作相应变化）。

eg: Who can answer the question? The teacher asked.→The teacher asked who could answer the question. 老师问谁能回答这个问题。

【温馨提示3】特殊疑问句在宾语从句中，要是主从句人称一致，一般可将宾语从句复合句改为简单句。

eg: I wonder how I can send an e-mail to you.→I wonder how to send an e-mail to you. 我想知道如何给你发个电子邮件。

【特殊情况】：当do you think后接特殊疑问句转化成宾语从句时，句式结构应为“引导词＋do you think＋陈述句语序”。

2eg: What do you think he is going to do next? 你认为他下一步打算做什么？三、宾语从句的时态1. 主句是一般现在时或一般将来时，从句不受主句的限制，根据自身的实际情况需要使用相应的时态。

eg: The worker says (that) he works from Monday to Friday. 那名工人说他从周一至周五上班。

(从句是一般现在时）John says (that) he will leave a message on his desk. 约翰说要在他桌子上留个便条。

（从句是一般将来时）They will tell you (that) they are living / lived / will live / have lived in Shanghai. 他们会告诉你他们正住在上海/ 在上海住过/ 将住在上海/ 一直住在上海。

(从句是现在进行时/一般过去时/一般将来时/现在完成时)2. 主句是一般过去时，从句须用过去时态的某种形式。

eg: He told me that he didn't go to the library yesterday. 他告诉我他昨天没去图书馆。

（从句是一般过去时）He said (that) he was playing football at that time. 他说他那时在踢足球。

（从句是过去进行时）He said (that) he would post the letter. 他说他将要寄这封信。

(从句是过去将来时)They asked me whether I had been there before. 他们问我以前去没去过那里。

(从句是过去完成时)【注意1】如果从句有具体的过去时间状语，尽管从句动作发生在主句动作之前，有时仍用一般过去时。

eg: She told me her brother died in 1960. 她告诉我她哥哥1960年去世的。

They said they checked everything yesterday. 他们说昨天他们全部检查过了。

【注意2】当主句是一般过去时，而宾语从句表示的是一个客观真理、自然现象、科学原理或格言时，从句仍使用一般现在时态。

eg: The teacher told us (that) nothing is difficult if we put our hearts into it. 老师告诉我们世上无难事,只怕有心人。

四、随堂巩固练习1. Have you decided ________for Australia?A. when will you leaveB. when do you leave3C. you will leave whenD. when you will leave2. Can you tell me _________ ?A. where does Tom liveB. where Tom livedC. Tom lives whereD. where Tom lives3. The old man asked me ________ .A. where was the cinemaB. where is the cinemaC. where the cinema wasD. where was the way to the cinema4. I think _______ you will like him.A. thatB. ifC. whyD. how5. I didn't know _______ he will come or not.A. thatB. whetherC. weatherD. how6. I wonder _________ .A. how much cost these shoesB. how much do these shoes costC. how much these shoes costD. how much are these shoes cost7. She asked me _________ .A. who he wasB. who was heC. who is heD. who he is8. Ask him __________.A. whose cup this isB. whose cup is thisC. this is whose cupD. whose is this cup9. I don't know _________ .A. what time the movie startsB. what time starts the movieC. the time to start the movieD. the movie what time starts10. The doctor asked me how long ________ .A. was I illB. have I been illC. I have been illD. I had been ill11. The weather forecast doesn't say _________.A. if it rains tomorrowB. if does it rain tomorrowC. if it will rain tomorrowD. if will it rain tomorrow12. Do you know _________?A. whose pen is thisB. whose pen this isC. whom does the pen belong toD. whom the pen belong to13. Could you tell me where _________?A. the tape wasB. was the tapeC. the tape isD. is the tape414. They want to know _________?A. where is the hospitalB. how old are youC. when the train will leaveD. why is the boy crying15. Tony wanted to know _________.A. what had Father Christmas put in his stockingB. when Father Christmas had put in his stockingC. what Father Christmas had put in his stockingD. where Father Christmas had put in his stocking16. No one knows _______ the professor will come to our school tomorrow to give usa talk or not.A. whenB. whetherC. whereD. if17. July didn't know_________.A. where is Tim's fatherB. when was the first watch madeC. who the old man isD. what was wrong with her watch18. No one told us _________, so we need your help.A. how should we doB. what we should doC. what to doD. what should we do19. We don't know _________ with the rubbish and it pollutes out land and sea.A. how do itB. how to doC. what do itD. what to do20. He asked me _________.A. whether I find out the sender of the moneyB. whether did I find out the sender of the moneyC. whether the sender of the money found outD. whether I found out the sender of the money21. Did you hear _________?A. what did I sayB. what I saidC. I said whatD. whatI say22. Can you tell me ________?A. which class you are inB. which class are you inC. you are in which classD. are you in which class23. --- Excuse me. Could you tell me _______?--- Certainly.A. when can I get to the stationB. I can get to which station5C. which station can I get toD. how I can get to the station24. Could you tell me where _______ yesterday?A. did you goB. you goC. you have goneD. you went25. Tom asked me ________.A. whose shirt was thisB. whose shirt this wasC. who shirt was thisD. who shirt this was26. Excuse me, could you tell me _______?A. where's the teachers' officeB. where's the bus stationC. what's she doingD. where the post office is27. I want to see Mrs. Wang , but I don't know _______.A. she lives whereB. she where livesC. where she livesD. where does she live28. --- Go and ask Mr. White for help._______.But I don't know __ ---B. where he lives A. where does he liveD. he lives there C. where is he living29. --- Can you tell me _________?--- Yes, he lives in a small town.B. who is singing A. where he livesD. what he said C. when he will leave30. Have you decided ________ for London?B. when you will leave A. when will you leaveD. when you are going C. when are you going31. Excuse me. Could you tell me ________our tickets?B. where shall we show A. where do we showD. where we shall show C. where did we show32. --- What are you interested in about cooking food?--- We are all interested in _________.B. how is egg fried A. how egg is friedD. how does egg fry C. How egg fries33. Do you know _______?6A. what it isB. what is itC. who is heD. whose name is it34. Do you know _______?A. whose book is thisB. whose book this isC. this book is whoseD. who's book this is35. I don't know ______ now.A. where is my catB. my cat is whereC. where my cat isD. where my cat36. Does he know _________?A. what's your nameB. what name is yourC. what your is nameD. what your name is37. Do you know _________?A. which floor he livesB. which floor he lives onC. he lives on which floorD. which floor does he lives on38. Tell me where _________?A. is the hospitalB. the hospital isC. is hospitalD. hospital is39. He hasn't decided _______.A. if he'll go on a trip to Wu xiB. when will he go on a trip to Wu xiC. if he goes on a trip to Wu xiD. when does he go on a trip to Wu xi40. Can you see ________?A. what he's readingB. what is he readingC. what does he readD. he reads what7。