当前位置:文档之家› 句子成分与句子结构

句子成分与句子结构


• 1. Games played yesterday in their room the children quietly. • 2. Well the man the piano played. • 3. This morning a book I from the library borrowed. • 4. A new school built they in our village last year. • 5. She a letter from her brother last week received. • 6. The little boy an apple this morning ate greedily in the kitchen.
It was obvious that he was very embarrassed.(主语后置) • It is + n./adj./ v-ed + that • 据说他明天要来武汉。 • 学好英语很重要。 • 他没能通过考试真的很遗憾。 • 众所周知,中国是世界上最大的发展中国家之一。
1.2 谓语 谓语说明主语的动作、状态或特征。谓语永远只能 由动词构成。
1.5 状语 状语可修饰动词、形容词或者全句,可以由副词、 介词短语、分词短语或者动词不定式构成。 He is listening to the teacher carefully.
It won’t be long before we know the truth.
1.6 补语 所谓补语,即下面的这个结构: v+ n.十n. / adj.中的n. / adj.部分。
句型二:主语+系动词+表语
系动词的构成: 1. be动词 2. 感官动词(seem,look,taste,sound`) 3. 其他系动词 表示动作的持续和变化(keep, remain,come,go,become, get``) 4. 表示“看起来像”(look,
appear, seem…)
that attract children.(本句中的the type of activities
也是表语)
1.4 定语 修饰名词的成分叫定语。最常用的定语就是形容 词,还有一种用句子修饰名词的定语,就是定语从 句了。 Jasper White is one of the rare people who believes in ancient myths. It is one of the ugliest face that I have ever seen.
力。
剑7范文: Job satisfaction , a very important part of an employee's sense of wellbeing,can be promoted in most jobs. 两个逗号之间----同位语
简单陈述句语序一般为
• • 主语 谓语 宾语 方式状语 地点状语 时间状语 • He reads a book quietly in her room after lunch.
• 双宾语:在大多数情况下间接宾语置于直接宾语之前。 如果间接宾语在后,间接宾语前必须加“to”(表示动 作对什么人而做)或“for”(表示动作为什么人而做)。 • He lent me a book. • He lent a book to me. • He sent me a card. • He sent a card to me. • He passed me the salt. • He passed the salt to me. • She bought me a tie. • She bought a tie for me. • She made me a cake. • She made a cake for me.
3.2.2.2要接名词连用的疑问词
⑴which:当说话者提供多种选择对象供对方选择时, 我们就用which来提问。此时which后面通常接一名 词连用,意思是“哪一个什么东西”。例如: —Could you lend me your pen? 能不能借你的笔给 我用一下? —Sure. I have two pens. This pen has black ink. That pen has red ink. ⑵whose:Whose后面必须接名词连用,表示“谁的 什么东西”。例如: ①This is his book. ②I borrowed Jack’s car last night.
3.2.2 特殊疑问句
特点: ⑴用来对句子中某一特殊部分提问,或者说用来对句中某一具 体内容提问。总是涉及到who, what, which, where, when, why, how其 中之一; ⑵其语序是:疑问词+一般疑问句,或作主语的疑问词+谓语 动词。
3.2.2.1不要接名词连用的疑问词
• 十月,叶子变黄了。 • In October, the leaves turn yellow. • 这个公司去年破产了。 • The company went bankrupt last year. • 声音越来越大。 • The sound was growing louder. • 这个商店会开到这周四。 • The store stays open until this Thursday. • 我们依旧是朋友 • We remained friends. • 保持安静。 • Please keep quiet!
⑴对人提问:who,例如: ①He can sing in English. ②I saw him at the party last night. ⑵对事物或有关所做的事情提问:what,例如: ①I like English. ②I am studying English grammar. ③I am studying English grammar. ④I’d like to go swimming tomorrow. ⑶对时间提问:when,例如:I was born in 1980. ⑷对地点提问:where,例如:He lives in Beijing. ⑸对方式提问:how,例如:He goes to school by bus. ⑹对原因提问:why,请看例句:I often study at the library because it’s quiet.
There be句型 There are many types of businesses in a free-market economy. There is a pen and some books on the desk. There are some apples and an orange in the basket. 【注意】:be动词在人称和数上应和后面的名词保 持一致,如果有两个或两个以上的名词作主语,应采 取“邻近原则”,与最近的名词在人称和数上保持一致; 在这个句型中,谓语动词有时可用其他动词(live, stand, lie)代替be动词。 Long long ago, there lived a princess in the castle.
2. 基本句型
• 句型一:主谓
• 句型二:主系表
• 句型三:主谓宾
• 句型四:主谓宾宾
• 句型五:主谓宾补
句型一:主语+谓语
谓语动词特特点: 不及物动词(本身意思完整,后面不需要宾语) 太阳升起. The sun rises. 会议九点开始。 The meeting begins at nine. 学生们学习很认真。 Students study very hard.
及物动词(后面跟宾语才完整)、不及物动词
Raise/rise
1.3 宾语 宾语表示动作行为的对象,跟在及物动词之后。 能作宾语的有名词、代词、动名词、动词不定式、 that从句、what从句、how从句等。 有一种特殊的宾语,就是当动词是系动词时,be 动词后面的名词或者形容词也可以叫做表语。 请阅读下面的句子,特别注意宾语 ( 或表语) 由何种 成分组成。
• 他看起来很疲惫。 • He looks sleepy. • 这个故事听起来很有趣。 • The story sounds funny. • 这件外套摸起来很舒服。 • The coat feels soft. • 这食物闻起来很美味。 • The food smelt delicious. • 这药尝起来很苦。 • This medicine tastes bitter.
句型五:主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语
谓语动词特点: 是及物动词,但是只跟一个宾语不能表达完整的意思,必须 加上一个补充成分,使得句子意思完整。 1. S+V+O+adj. 我的哥哥把房子漆成了白色。 My brother painted the room white. 2. S+V+O+N. 我们叫他Tom. We call him Tom. 3. S+V+O+to do 警察要求我们把车停到商店旁边。 The policeman asked us to park the car near the store.
25
3. 句子的种类 (了解内容)
3.1 陈述句
定义:用来陈述事实、表明态度、阐述观点的句子。 1. 2. 3. 4. 地球围绕太阳转。(陈述事实) 你可以相信我。 我非常同意你的观点。 我不同意你的看法。
3.2 疑问句
1、一般疑问句 2、特殊疑问句 3、选择疑问句 4、反意疑问句
3.2.1 一般疑问句
特征:⑴需要用yes或no来回答; ⑵语序一般为:助动词+主语+谓语? 例如: 你是中国人吗? —Have you been there? —Yes, I have.∕No, I haven’t.∕No, never. Do you like this movie? Can you help me?
相关主题