就远原则
“主语+ 附属结构” 作主语，谓语与主语 一致
单数原则
“主语被某些词修饰后，谓语动词只能用单 数
Rule 1 语法一致：
1.当主语由and连结时，如果表示同一人或同一物时，谓语动词 用单数，此时and后面的名词无冠词。 如 表示不同的人或物时, 谓语动词用复数，此时and后面的名词 有冠词。
Exercises
1. Reading English papers and magazines _i_s_helpful to our study of English. (is/ are)
2. Whether he comes or not __is__ of no matter. (is /are) 3. To say __is_ one thing; to do _i_s_another. (is/are) 4. Listening, speaking, reading and writing _a_r_e_four
His family is very large. 他家是一个大家庭。 His family are music 他的家人都是音乐爱好者。
1.The research groupis (is, are) made up of five people. 2.What d (do, does) the group want for their lunoch? 3.Our family is (is, are) not poor any more. 4.He has to worry. His familyare (is, are) waiting for him. 5.The class is (is, are) more than forty in number.
Anybody who _b_r_e_a_k_s_ ( break / breaks) the rule will be punished.
4.倒装句中的语法一致
Two pictures _a_r_e___ on the wall, which attract
many people.
On the wall _a_r_e__ two pictures, which attract
Subject---Verb Agreement
(主谓一致)
即主语是单数形式，谓语动词用单
语法一致
数形式，主语是复数形式，谓语也 用复数形式。
意义一致
即主语形式上为单数，但意义为复数， 因此谓语动词用复数形式；或主语形式 上为复数，但表示单数意义，这时谓语 动词用单数形式。
就近原则
即谓语动词用单数形式还是用复数形式， 取决于最靠近他的主语。
5、由分数或百分数+名词作主语时，谓语动词的 形式与of 后面的名词的数一致 即分数或百分数+of+不可数名词或单数名词， 谓语动词用单数 分数或百分数+of+复数名词，谓语动词用复数
• Ten percent of the pupils _____ aarbesent today. • Three-fourths of the surface of the earth ____ sea. is
3.不定代词somebody, someone, something, anybody, anything, everybody, everyone, everything, nobody, no one, nothing等作主语， 谓语动词用单数形式;
Something _h_a_s_ (has / have) gone wrong with my watch.
many people.
Their teachers_ta__n_d__ among the students, who is in her thirtises. Among the students t_a_n_d__ their teacher, who is in her thirties. s
2.动词不定式(短语), 动名词(短语), 或从句作主语时, 谓语 动词常用单数。例如：
Going out for a walk after supper is a good habit. 晚饭后出去散步是一个好习惯。
To see is to believe. 眼见为实。
Whether we’ll go depends on the weather. 我们是否去要取决于天气的好坏。
a speech at the meeting.
A. is B. was C. are D. were
答案B. 注： 先从时态上考虑。这是过去发生的事情应用过去时，先排除A.，C。 本题易误选D，因为The League secretary and monitor 好象是两个人，但仔细辨 别， monitor 前没有the，在英语中，当一人兼数职时只在第一个职务前加定冠 词。后面的职务用and 相连。这样本题主语为一个人，所以应选B。
skills for English study. (is/are) 5. Where to find the plant and what to do with it
__a_re__still the problems to settle. (is/are)
Rule 2 意义一致：
1.由集体名词,如group, family, class, government, team, public, enemy, crowd, audience, club, party, crew等作主语时,如果看成一个整体，谓语动词用单数 形式,如果看成其中各成员，则用复数形式.
The worker and writer _i_s__(be) from Wuhan.
那个工人兼作家
The worker and the writer _a__re__(be) from Beijing.
那位工人和那位作家
The League secretary and monitor ___ asked to make